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At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Occurrence of multinucleated giant cells in the appendix of clinically healthy rabbits.

The spontaneous formation of multinucleated giant cells was observed in the appendix of clinically healthy adult rabbits that were free of infection with intestinal viruses, pathogenic bacteria, fungi and parasites. Giant cells occurred singly and in aggregates. They were of the foreign body and of the Langhans' type, but intermediate forms were also noticed. Ultrastructurally, the hallmark of these appendiceal polykaryons were large phagolysomal fields harbouring amorphous debris and remains of cytoplasmic organelles and bacteria. The bacteria in the appendiceal tissues were neither of a special type nor acid-fast. The aetiology and significance of appendiceal giant cells remains to be clarified.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis affecting the appendix.

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is an uncommon cause of abdominal pain. It has a much lower incidence than Yersinia enterocolitica, and most reports have emanated from Europe or North America. This report is about a patient with Yersiniosis affecting the appendix alone, in contrast to the usual picture of mesenteric adenitis or septicemia associated with this organism.

Appendix↗
PubMed1995

Delayed separation of an appendix-containing umbilical stump.

A case of delayed separation of the umbilical cord is reported. Ultrasonography and radiographic examination of the stump showed connection with the bowel. During surgery the cord was found to contain the appendix. The authors hypothesize that this anomaly represents a small omphalocele, resulting from failure of the gut to withdraw completely from the umbilical cord, or, less likely, a hernia.

Appendix↗
PubMed1994

Combination of granulosa cell tumour and carcinoid in an imitation of appendix vermicularis within a mature teratoma--a unique case.

A case of primary carcinoid of the ovary in association with an imitation of appendix vermicularis is presented. These elements were thus parts of a mature teratoma. In the other ovary a granulosa cell tumour with a similar morphology was found. Following surgery no additional treatment was administered and the patient is well 13 years after the diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of twelve argentaffin and six argyrophil carcinoids of the appendix vermiformis.

Endocrine cell types in 12 argentaffin and six argyrophil carcinoids and in nonneoplastic epithelia of the appendix vermiformis were investigated histochemically, immunohistochemically, and ultrastructurally. The nonneoplastic epithelia contained serotonin (Ser), peptide YY (PYY), glicentin (Gli), neurotensin (Neu), and somatostatin (So) cells in decreasing frequency. Out of 30 nonneoplastic Ser cells examined ultrastructurally, 28 cells were EC1 cells and two were non-EC cells. Eleven of 12 argentaffin carcinoids could be immunostained with anti-Ser serum and all of those 11 were composed almost totally of Ser cells. One of the 11 contained a small number of Neu cells. Ultrastructurally, 11 argentaffin carcinoids were composed predominantly of EC1 and/or ECn cells, and one was composed primarily of non-EC cells. Out of the six argyrophil carcinoids, five were argyrophil, non-argentaffin carcinoids; three consisted almost totally of PYY cells; one consisted of 60% PYY cells, 40% So cells and a few Gli cells; and one consisted of Ser cells alone. Ultrastructurally, the first four of those tumors were composed of D1 and/or L cells and the latter tumor was composed of ECn cells. The remaining one argyrophil carcinoid contained a few Ser-positive argentaffin cells and consisted almost totally of ECn cells which were found in both parts, with and without argentaffinity. It is concluded that the appendiceal carcinoids comprise two distinct groups on the basis of the main constituting cell type: Ser-positive, argentaffin carcinoids, composed of EC cells and peptide (especially of PYY)-positive, and Ser-negative, argyrophil non-argentaffin carcinoids of D1 and/or L cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Diverticulum of the vermiform appendix.

Acquired diverticula of the vermiform appendix are rare. Light microscopical examination reveals a herniation of the mucosa through defects in the musculature, often adjacent to a vessel. The pseudodiverticulum frequently is the site of inflammation.

Appendix↗
PubMed1999

Imaging of mucocoele of the appendix with emphasis on the CT findings: a report of 10 cases.

AIM: Mucocoele of the appendix denotes an obstructive dilatation of the appendiceal lumen due to abnormal accumulation of mucus. It is sometimes associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei, which predicts a malignant origin. We present the CT findings and additional imaging studies of 10 patients with neoplastic appendiceal mucocoele and discuss the clinical implications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Abdominal CT findings from 10 patients with appendiceal mucocoele were reviewed. Barium enema, US and MRI were additionally performed in three patients. There were five men and five women aged 45-80 years. Special attention was directed to the shape and nature of the mass, its relation to the caecum and the presence of ascites or peritoneal implants, as well as possible additional ovarian tumours in female patients. RESULTS: The mucocoele was an incidental finding in five patients. They were either spherical or elongated cystic lesions, attached to the wall of the caecum, six of them with mural calcification. Ascites were present in six patients and hypodense large peritoneal implants representing pseudomyxoma peritonei in four. Pathologically the series included five cases of cystadenoma (in one, a malignant pseudomyxoma peritonei subsequently developed), four cases of cystadenocarcinoma and one villous adenoma (this patient later developed pseudomyxoma peritonei). Pseudomyxoma peritonei was found in five cases. Three women had associated ovarian cystic tumour. CONCLUSION: The appearance of an appendiceal mucocoele is quite characteristic and can be diagnosed on CT. CT can also depict additional findings suggesting pseudomyxoma peritonei. In women with an appendiceal mucocoele the ovaries should be examined closely for cystic tumour and vice versa.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Continent diversion with an appendix conduit and an ileocecal bladder.

Since March 1989, 23 patients have undergone continent urinary diversion with an ileocecal bladder and a reimplanted appendix conduit. In 21 patients this procedure was combined with a radical cystectomy. Of the patients 7 required an endoscopic procedure before satisfactory self-catheterization could be established. This problem was more common early in the series. The continence mechanism is extremely simple and rapid to construct. Continence rates have been most satisfactory, with only 2 patients having secondary incontinence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Mucocele of the appendix secondary to obstruction by endometriosis.

A mucocele of the appendix secondary to obstruction by endometriosis is reported and the relevant literature reviewed. The theories of the pathogenesis of appendiceal mucocele are reviewed and discussed. To our knowledge, no similar, well documented case has been reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Mucocele of the appendix: pseudomyxoma peritonei and intracytoplasmic canaliculus-like structures.

A case of pseudomyxoma peritonei associated with mucocele of the appendix is reported. To date there is no general agreement as to whether this entity (pseudomyxoma) should be categorized as a malignant lesion. The presence of intracellular canaliculus-like structures adds support to those investigators who believe that pseudomyxoma peritonei reflects a form of malignant disease.

Appendix↗
PubMed1997

The accessory cell populations in ulcerative colitis: a comparison between the colon and appendix in colitis and acute appendicitis.

We present an immunohistochemical study of accessory cells in acute appendicitis and ulcerative colitis (UC). By comparing these two diseases, it is possible to distinguish between changes associated with inflammatory bowel disease and those resulting from nonspecific intestinal inflammation. Nine total colectomy specimens from patients with UC, in which the appendix was also involved, were compared with nine cases of acute appendicitis. Accessory cells were stained for CD68 (PGMI), ACPI (acid cysteine proteinase inhibitor), S100 protein, MAC387 (calgranulin), CD1a, factor XIIIa, and WR18 (HLA class II). In ulcerative colitis, but not acute appendicitis, there was extension of a network of S100 positive dendritic cells into the crptal mucosa, and these S100-positive dendritic cells were closely aligned with the epithelium. The epithelium in UC, but not in acute appendicitis, showed intense upregulation of HLA class II, and this was particularly marked at the crypt bases. Dendritic, MAC387-positive cells were seen only in UC. In both diseases there were abundant ACPI-positive accessory cells in the cryptal areas, a population normally restricted to the dome areas. Factor XIIIa- and PGM1-positive cells, although abundant in both conditions, had distributions similar to those that we had previously shown in normal controls. No CD1a-positive cells were identified in either UC or acute appendicitis. We hypothesize that S100 identifies a subpopulation of activated macrophages. The concentration of this subpopulation, in close contact with the epithelium, which also shows altered expression of HLA class II antigens, suggests that a component of the immune response is targeting this area in UC. In addition, we also suggest that the identification of MAC387-positive dendritic cells in UC reflects increased macrophage turnover in inflammatory bowel disease.

Antigen-Presenting Cells↗
PubMed2000

Retrospective study of prion-protein accumulation in tonsil and appendix tissues.

To identify individuals who could be at high risk of developing vCJD, a sensitive immunohistochemical technique was used to detect prion protein in a retrospective series of over 3000 tonsil and appendix specimens. No positives were detected but further studies are required to help reduce uncertainties about possible future numbers of vCJD cases in the UK.

Appendix↗
PubMed2002

Incidental carcinoid of appendix in cesarean section.

A case with carcinoid tumor of the appendix was encountered incidentally during an elective cesarean section. The tumor was discovered as a result of the routine exploration of the whole abdomen. The investigation for metastasis proved no evidence of spread and the patient was treated solely by surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Appendix perforation by an intrauterine contraceptive device.

Perforation of the uterus by an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) is a rare, and serious complication, occurring in 1/350 to 1/2500 insertions. Perforation by IUDs can involve several neighboring organs such as the bladder and rectosigmoid. We report two cases of IUD perforations involving the appendix, both inserted during lactation. The first case is an asymptomatic patient in early pregnancy and the second is a woman whose original presentation was chronic lower abdominal pain. The presence of copper in the abdominal cavity can lead to adhesion formation and subsequent abdominal pain, bowel obstruction or infertility. Thus, we believe that when an IUD is located in the abdominal cavity it should be removed even in an asymptomatic patient. In addition, these cases might suggest postponing the use of this contraceptive method in lactating women.

Abdominal Pain↗