Teaching employers to ask the right questions. Booklet helps hospital share quality and cost data. St. Joseph's Hospital of Atlanta.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Catholicism↗
SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “data sharing”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Data management: computer time sharing as an alternative.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Abstracting and Indexing↗
Representing nested semantic information in a linear string of text using XML.
XML has been widely adopted as an important data interchange language. The structure of XML enables sharing of data elements with variable degrees of nesting as long as the elements are grouped in a strict tree-like fashion. This requirement potentially restricts the usefulness of XML for marking up written text, which often includes features that do not properly nest within other features. We encountered this problem while marking up medical text with structured semantic information from a Natural Language Processor. Traditional approaches to this problem separate the structured information from the actual text mark up. This paper introduces an alternative solution, which tightly integrates the semantic structure with the text. The resulting XML markup preserves the linearity of the medical texts and can therefore be easily expanded with additional types of information.
Programming Languages↗
Dextrous and shared interaction with medical data: stereoscopic vision is more important than hand-image collocation.
The current experiment was carried out to extend our knowledge about the relative importance of stereoscopic display and hand-image collocation for dextrous interaction. We devised a new task, the Volumetric Dexterity Test (VDT), which quite accurately duplicates the way professional personnel such as surgeons and radiologists interact with detailed medical data in a VR environment. Our results were surprising. Stereo vision was very important to both accuracy and speed of task completion, as we found previously. But the presence of hand-image collocation did not improve accuracy, despite the fact that this was a truly three-dimensional task. If this finding is borne out it has important implications for the volumetric presentation of medical data to individual practitioners and in group settings.
Attention↗
A simple spreadsheet-based, MIAME-supportive format for microarray data: MAGE-TAB.
BACKGROUND: Sharing of microarray data within the research community has been greatly facilitated by the development of the disclosure and communication standards MIAME and MAGE-ML by the MGED Society. However, the complexity of the MAGE-ML format has made its use impractical for laboratories lacking dedicated bioinformatics support. RESULTS: We propose a simple tab-delimited, spreadsheet-based format, MAGE-TAB, which will become a part of the MAGE microarray data standard and can be used for annotating and communicating microarray data in a MIAME compliant fashion. CONCLUSION: MAGE-TAB will enable laboratories without bioinformatics experience or support to manage, exchange and submit well-annotated microarray data in a standard format using a spreadsheet. The MAGE-TAB format is self-contained, and does not require an understanding of MAGE-ML or XML.
Computational Biology↗
Measure, learn, and improve: physicians' involvement in quality improvement.
Payers, accreditors, and consumers are using quality improvement (QI) methods, but little is known about whether physicians do so. The results from this 2003 national physician survey indicate that most do not. Physicians do not routinely use data for assessing their performance and are reluctant to share those data. They infrequently participate in redesign activities. Physicians in larger and salaried groups are more likely to be engaged in QI. The science of QI has been "institutionalized" but not yet "professionalized."Accelerating physicians' adoption of and participation in QI requires building the infrastructure to support quality and paying attention to professionalism, knowledge, and skills.
Female↗
"Medical informatics in a medical research facility. An interactive multimedia presentation". Diabetes as a model.
This interactive demonstration provides a model for integrating information in a medical facility. By the use of networking computers, diagnostic data and scientific data are shared between geographically-separated clinical and research units. Data collected in a patient database in the outpatient clinic is sorted on specified qualifying criteria and the resulting subset further analyzed for research studies. To show the process of patient selection from a general database to a diabetes database, and further selection to a subset of diabetes, i.e., Diabetic Neuropathy, the authors used HyperCard. Firstly, HyperCard provided us with a flexible design allowing for both vertical and horizontal progressions. Because we wanted to include an educational component on diabetes and its complications, this flexibility was important. At any point in the demonstration, the viewer is able to access more information nested in several levels. Secondly, we wanted to be able to import a variety of programs that are used to translate diagnostic data into scientific data that is analyzed and prepared for publication in a medical textbook or journal. According to Douglas Adams, author of "Pathways and Relationships", HyperCard occupies the same niche in the evolution of software as human beings do in the evolution of life. "It's the fact that we are unspecialized but infinitely adaptable that has been our success as a species. In the same way, HyperCard is unspecialized but can turn its hand to any kind of task. And if the task is beyond it, HyperCard can use the phone, go for a ride on Excel, or go out and find a powerful graphics tool or sophisticated wordprocessing program!"
Academies and Institutes↗
A comparative study of two nutrient data bases.
Reported dietary intake records of 18 infants, 22 young children, and 20 women were analyzed using the nutrient data base systems of the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II) and the Nutrient Dietary Data Analysis (NDDA) System. Significant differences between the nutrient data bases were found in the calculations of potassium and niacin for infants and of energy and nine nutrients for women and children. The energy and nutrient composition of many commonly consumed food items in the two nutrient data base systems was different, even though the systems shared common data sources. Differences in the nutrient data bases were primarily due to the timing of data base updates, as well as to the differential use of industry, private, and government food analysis sources, procedural differences in data base updating, and random data entry error. Resolution of differences among nutrient data base systems may depend upon comprehensive reviews of all data base systems or the establishment of a national nutrient data base to serve as a standard for the professional.
Child, Preschool↗
Haplotype sharing correlation analysis using family data: a comparison with family-based association test in the presence of allelic heterogeneity.
The haplotype-sharing correlation (HSC) method for association analysis using family data is revisited by introducing a permutation procedure for estimating region-wise significance at each marker on a study segment. In simulation studies, the HSC method has a correct type 1 error rate in both unstructured and structured populations. The HSC signals on disease segments occur in the vicinity of a true disease locus on a restricted region without recombination hotspots. However, the peak signal may not pinpoint the true disease location in a small region with dense markers. The HSC method is shown to have higher power than single- and multilocus family-based association test (FBAT) methods when the true disease locus is unobserved among the study markers, and especially under conditions of weak linkage disequilibrium and multiple ancestral disease alleles. These simulation results suggest that the HSC method has the capacity to identify true disease-associated segments under allelic heterogeneity that go undetected by the FBAT method that compares allelic or haplotypic frequencies.
Alleles↗
Non-immunologic predictors of chronic renal allograft failure: data from the United Network of Organ Sharing.
Experimental evidence and clinical experience suggest that non-immunologic factors are important predictors of long-term renal allograft survival. It has been suggested that chronic allograft failure may in some cases by mediated by non-immunologic factors implicated in the pathobiology of other forms of progressive renal disease. Donor age, sex, and race may influence the "dose" of nephrons delivered in cadaveric renal transplantation. The United Network of Organ Sharing 1994 Public Use Data Tape was used to evaluate these and other risk factors in more than 31,000 recipients of cadaver allografts followed between 1987 and 1992. Female sex and African American race of the donor were important predictors of allograft failure. There was a markedly increased risk of allograft failure at both extremes of donor age. Recipients of large body size had accelerated graft loss. Stratified analyses suggested an interaction between donor and recipient race; nevertheless, all non-immunologic factors examined expressed independent associations with allograft survival. In sum, antigen-independent factors appear to be important determinants of allograft performance. Additional multivariable analyses are required to assess the relative importance of these factors compared with other known immunologic factors, such as HLA antigen mismatch. These findings may have important biomedical and health care policy implications.
Adolescent↗
Data watch. Paying for retiree health care.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Cost Sharing↗
Data watch. The (flex) benefit not taken.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Cost Sharing↗
Computerized data bases: an integrated approach to monitoring quality of patient care.
Common information is shared by rehabilitation program evaluation, utilization review, and quality assurance. These administrative functions sometimes operate in isolation, not taking advantage of information sharing. This approach fails to recognize the potential for increased efficiency of integrating pertinent information to produce timely and useful reports. We report on a system design which addresses this concern by encouraging information sharing, reducing data duplication and creating a data base to produce needed statistical and management reports. Our discussion highlights the key elements of program evaluation, utilization review, and quality assurance. These elements are described as an integrated approach to meet the Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities and revised Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals standards.
Database Management Systems↗
Report and abstracts of the 4th International Workshop on Chromosome 9. Williamsburg, Virginia, USA, April 23-25, 1995.
The Fourth International Workshop on Chromosome 9 was a highly successful endeavor in terms of the growth of the map, both genetic and physical, the amount of data entered into GDB, and the continued comradeship in the sharing of data and resources that was exemplified. SIGMA remained a stable and valuable part of the chromosome 9 mapping effort. A new subsection outlining the morbid anatomy of chromosome 9 was included. Finally, specific goals were set for the community to aim for over the upcoming months. These included extending the information about the ease of use of genetic markers, and coordinating across numerous groups the meiotic breakpoint mapping of many microsatellite markers. Workshop files are available by anonymous ftp from ftp.gene.ucl.ac.uk (128.40.82.1) in the subdirectory/pub/c9workshop/1995, or by using a World Wide Web browser (such as Mosaic or Netscape) via the Chromosome 9 Home Page (at the URL http:@www.gene.ucl.ac.uk/chr9home.html).
Base Sequence↗
Synchronization of diverging versions of a controlled medical terminology.
To share clinical data and to build interoperable computer systems that permit data entry, data retrieval, and data analysis, users and systems at multiple sites need a shared clinical terminology. However, local sites that adopt a shared terminology have local needs that prompt local-terminology maintainers to make changes to the local version. Meanwhile, maintainers of the shared terminology make changes to the shared version, and the two terminologies diverge. I propose a formal model for managing change, with additional features included for the local site. If terminology maintainers follow such a model, the local-terminology maintainer can synchronize the local version with the shared version at periodic intervals. I am implementing a prototype, which I will use to assess the model and to study the synchronization process.
Computer Systems↗
Subsidized in-vitro fertilization treatment and the effect on the number of egg sharers.
Egg sharing remains a controversial practice, mainly because of the presumed element of payment. In order to find out to what extent financial considerations motivated the women to share their oocytes, the data on egg sharing in Belgium are analysed. Belgium began providing full reimbursement for six in-vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles on 1 July 2003. Since this date, the numbers of egg sharers dropped approximately 70%. Although these data show that a large number of the donors were mainly motivated by the reduced cost of IVF, it cannot be concluded that money was the only motive to share. Nevertheless, to increase voluntary consent by egg sharers, public funding for infertility treatment should be provided.
Altruism↗
Health care information and the protection of personal privacy: ethical and legal considerations.
During the early 1990s, the U.S. government addressed the issue of providing universal health care to all its citizens. Although this issue has not been completely resolved, centralization of electronic data and sharing of health care information among insurers and providers have been pursued. The emergence of electronic data banks in health care has raised another issue: each citizen's right to privacy compared with the collective benefit to society when critical data on quality assurance and scientific research are shared by an array of network users. The choices we face are difficult, and the solution may necessarily reflect a compromise that alters traditional beliefs in the right to personal privacy. However, Congress can take the initiative by enacting statutes to ensure that sensitive information contained in electronic patient records is not divulged without a patient's consent and is protected against fraudulent access and abuse.
Computer Security↗