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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Vascular disease risk factors in women with premature menopause.

The vascular disease risk factor profile was studied in 21 women who had experienced a premature menopause due to bilateral oophorectomy. Compared with age-matched menstruating control subjects, oophorectomized women did not differ appreciably with respect to the prevalence of major vascular risk factors other than hyperlipidaemia, nor did they exhibit an excessive prevalence of vascular disease. In oophorectomized women not receiving hormone replacement therapy, the total serum cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were increased, while high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was not significantly altered. In women receiving replacement with ethinyl oestradiol, the total and LDL cholesterol were significantly decreased while HDL cholesterol was significantly increased, relative to oophorectomized women not receiving hormone replacement. The increased proportion of LDL to HDL in those not receiving hormone replacement suggests that they may be exposed to an increased theoretical long-term vascular risk, and this might justify appropriate hormone replacement in all such women, subject to certain safeguards.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Arterial occlusion in patients with peripheral vascular disease treated with platinum-based regimens for lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Patients with cancer may be hypercoagulable, and smoking can cause both lung cancer and peripheral vascular disease. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has been reported to cause a variety of vascular side effects. CASE REPORTS: Five patients with bronchogenic carcinoma and peripheral vascular disease developed acute arterial occlusion soon after receiving a combination of cisplatin or carboplatin plus etoposide. All these patients had risk factors for atherosclerosis and three of them had preexisting known peripheral vascular disease. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of acute arterial occlusion soon after initiation of chemotherapy suggests that it might have been a complication of this therapy. Hence, caution should be exercised when using platinum-based (and other?) chemotherapy in patients with known moderate or severe peripheral vascular disease.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Areas of concern, quality of life and life satisfaction in patients with peripheral vascular disease.

OBJECTIVES: to explore the ways in which peripheral vascular disease subjectively affect patients and to relate these findings to validated measurements of quality of life (QOL) and life satisfaction. DESIGN: a cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: eighty patients, with carotid artery stenosis (CAS), abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), intermittent claudication (IC) or critical limb ischaemia (CLI). METHODS: semi-structured interviews were used to explore the effect of the disease on the patients life situation. QOL was assessed by SF-36 and life satisfaction by LiSat-11. RESULTS: the SF36, LiSat-11 and our interview revealed two principal patterns: one for patients with CAS and AAA, and one for patients with IC and CLI. The interview revealed important areas affecting the vascular patient. Some of these areas: higher intellectual function, concern, sexual function, family concern and factors related to the operated areas were not covered by either the SF36 or the LiSat-11. CONCLUSIONS: for a full understanding of how peripheral vascular disease affects the individual, disease specific questions need to be added to generic QOL instruments and measurements of life satisfaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Peripheral vascular disease--the geriatrician's tale.

One hundred and twenty four elderly patients with peripheral vascular disease were seen by a geriatrician over a period of just under 4 years. Half of them presented with critical ischaemia and had not been previously known to have peripheral vascular disease. Two-thirds were shown to have bilateral disease; 14.5% of the series developed manifestations of the condition during the course of acute systemic illnesses and in 5 cases this was almost certainly, and in several more probably, due to haemodynamic crises. A third were dead within 3 months and so far a further 18.5% are known to have died within 2 y of first encounter. Of those who survived 3 months, at least 37% required treatment for persistent rest pain or had skin ulceration or necrosis, or had developed gangrene or come to amputation. Only 5 patients, after investigation, underwent successful limb salvage procedures. Peripheral vascular disease in old people is common, is likely to continue to be so, carries a dismal prognosis, and appears on the evidence presented here to be under-suspected until an advanced stage in the disease. Those dealing with the aged must be constantly on the alert for it since it calls for scrupulous care of the feet and for especial vigilance during acute systemic illness.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Decreased sensitivity of human platelets to PGI2 during long-term intraarterial prostacyclin infusion in patients with peripheral vascular disease--a rebound phenomenon?

During successful treatment of peripheral vascular disease with synthetic prostacyclin no alteration in platelet function was reported (1). In 8 patients infused with synthetic prostacyclin continuously for 7 days intraarterially, the platelet function was monitored. Special attention was drawn to the platelet sensitivity in vitro for PGI2, which is discussed as an important factor maintaining the hemostatic balance. In all the patients with peripheral vascular disease between 24 and 48 hours after the beginning of the infusion a sudden decrease in platelet sensitivity accompanied by an increase in platelet count could be seen. These dramatic alterations representing probably a rebound phenomenon occurring during long-term PGI2-treatment might be an explanation for a non-beneficial effect of the treatment and in some cases a limiting factor for the continuation of the infusion itself. It is not clear, if this rebound phenomenon is due to a stimulation of an endogenous inhibitor, lowering the synthesis of a naturally occurring substance acting against this inhibitor or tachyphylaxia.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Quality of life assessment in vascular disease: towards a consensus.

OBJECTIVES: To review the assessment of quality of life in vascular disease, with particular reference to the Nottingham Health Profile and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36. DESIGN AND METHODS: A detailed literature search of relevant publications. Trans-national and trans-cultural convergence and validity of these scales were assessed. RESULTS: The Short Form 36 was found to be the most valid and reliable quality of life measure for use in an international vascular setting. CONCLUSION: In the absence of a specific dedicated vascular disease quality of life measure, the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 should be used as a quality of life measure in the assessment of vascular disease in an international setting.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Antihypertensive treatment in concomitant peripheral vascular disease: current experience and the potential of carvedilol.

The relative importance of hypertension as a risk factor for peripheral vascular disease is of the same order as coronary artery disease. The design of drug studies in occlusive vascular disease presents several problems. First, investigations must be placebo-controlled and crossover in design. Second, since these patients are very much at risk from other vascular occlusions, length of treatment phase is critical. Third, drug doses are also critical--probably best chosen by titration to similar antihypertensive effect. Fourth, patients must be trained in treadmill procedure. Fifth, measurements of limb blood flow must be accompanied where possible by "functional" assessment, e.g., claudication distance. With respect to the specific problem of low perfusion pressure distal to the blockage of peripheral vasculature, resting blood flow may remain normal, implying compensatory reduction in tone of arteriolar resistance vessels. Thus, regional circulation distal to blockage is sensitive to changes in perfusion pressure. There is the risk of "steal" with vasodilator agents; however, conflict exists in the literature over effects of beta-blockers in this situation. In view of its peripheral hemodynamic profile, the theoretical possibilities with the beta-blocker/vasodilator carvedilol in patients with hypertension and peripheral vascular disease seem extremely rewarding, but remain to be borne out in practice.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1980

Transverse section imaging of soft tissue tumors and peripheral vascular disease.

The development of soft tissue tumors and peripheral vascular disease is accompanied by changes in physiologic parameters such as blood flow and metabolism. Positron tomography can provide regional values of parameters such as blood flow, blood volume, oxygen utilization, and glucose metabolism in normal and diseased tissue. Such information may be of value in determining appropriate therapy and in assessing the effects of therapy. Equilibrium imaging during continuous inhalation of C15O2 provides a means of measuring blood flow on a regional basis. Equilibrium C15O2 imaging has been applied on a preliminary basis in patients with soft tissue tumors. In general, tumor tissue exhibits markedly higher rate of blood flow than normal tissue. In some patients, necrotic areas exhibit a greatly diminished blood flow. In the case of peripheral vascular disease, equilibrium C15O2 imaging shows decreased blood flow in affected regions. A significant increase in blood flow is seen following transluminal dilation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antihypertensive treatment in patients with peripheral vascular disease.

BACKGROUND: Some specific treatment goals are indicated for patients with hypertension complicated by peripheral vascular disease. OBJECTIVE: To review the available information about treating hypertension in patients with atherosclerosis or aneurysms of the aorta or peripheral arteries. SUMMARY: Patients with peripheral vascular disease and hypertension should be treated according to the general guidelines for all patients with hypertension. However, specific treatment goals include improvement or stabilization of intermittent claudication and associated conditions such as coronary artery disease, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. The ideal therapy for most of these conditions is nonpharmacologic: achievement of ideal body weight, a diet low in cholesterol, saturated fat, and salt, and a regular exercise program will improve blood pressure control, lipid values, blood glucose control, insulin sensitivity, symptoms of intermittent claudication, and long-term survival. Patients who smoke should stop. Patients with aneurysms should receive beta blockers. CONCLUSIONS: Antihypertensive therapy in patients with peripheral vascular disease should be part of a general program of risk-factor reduction.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1971

Insulin response to glucose in patients with peripheral vascular disease, arteritis, and Raynaud's phenomenon.

Twenty-three patients with peripheral vascular disease due to atheromatous blocks in large vessels, four patients with arteritis, and twenty patients with Raynaud's phenomenon were tested for insulin response to glucose. (In an earlier investigation patients with small-vessel peripheral vascular disease did not secrete insulin in response to a glucose load--a previously unreported finding.) Insulin output after glucose in patients with atheromatous blocks in large peripheral arteries fell into three categories: (1) normal glucose tolerance and insulin output, the insulin rise (peak/basal ratio) comparing well with the rise in controls; (2) carbohydrate intolerance with a prediabetic pattern of glucose-tolerance test, and raised circulating insulin levels both fasting insulin and after glucose, so that the insulin rise was lower than normal; or (3) the flat insulin responses after glucose that had been noted in small-vessel disease with normal glucose tolerance. Thus in these twenty-three patients with large-vessel blocks presenting with peripheral vascular disease the high and late insulin secretion after glucose reported by other workers for patients with atheroma could not be confirmed. High but not delayed insulin peaks were seen after a glucose stimulus in some patients with arteritis and with Raynaud's phenomenon.

Adolescent↗