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PubMed1980

[Experimental induction of foot rot in sheep].

By means of local strains Bacteroides nodusus was reproduced experimentally a case of foot-rot with sheep. For the appearance and the development of the disease it was necessary, before the infection, to keep the sheep in damp and uncleaned from fecal impurities room. Besides that, of decisive importance was the scarification of the skin-horny junction in the interungular slit. The combination of Bacteroides nodusus with Spirohaeta penorta and Corynebacterium piogenes resulted in more serious changes in the infected hooves.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Comparative study of the enzyme activities of Borrelia burgdorferi and other non-intestinal and intestinal spirochaetes.

Comparative analysis of the enzymatic profiles of 58 spirochaetal isolates clearly differentiated borrelias from leptospires, serpulinas and a treponeme. Strains of both Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia hermsii characteristically produced significant amounts of leucine arylamidase. This enzyme activity was not unique to borrelias but was also detected amongst pathogenic and non-pathogenic leptospira serovars. This fact, however, did not hamper a correct differentiation of borrelias from these spirochaetes, because leptospires possessed unique enzyme profiles. The API ZYM system could not differentiate the human strains of B. burgdorferi from those isolated from ticks, or from B. hermsii. Treponema phagedenis could be differentiated from all the other spirochaetes by the production of alpha-fucosidase. Our results confirm and extend previous studies indicating that human and animal intestinal spirochaetes have many common enzyme activities. All strains produced reactions of maximum intensity when tested for the presence of beta-galactosidase activity. However the avian strains lacked esterase (C4) which was present in human and swine intestinal spirochaetes. All strains of Serpulina hyodysenteriae, and Serpulina innocens as well as the human intestinal spirochaete strain HRM-14 showed alpha and beta glucosidase activity. Both enzyme activities were absent or insignificant in most other intestinal spirochaetes examined: 25 different human strains, non-pathogenic swine strain M1 and the avian strain 4742. However, swine strain LL3 and avian strain 1380 showed some beta-glucosidase activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

A direct fluorescent antibody test for large spirochetes in swine dysentery using hyperimmunized swine serum.

A direct fluorescent antibody test was developed for the identification of large spirochetes which are considered to be the cause of swine dysentery. Sera from swine which had recovered from swine dysentery and had been hyperimmunized by the intravenous and intraperitoneal injection of filtered spirochetes were used for conjugation with fluorescein isothiocyanate. A bright greenish fluorescence of large spirochetes was observed with the conjugated serum from hyperimmunized pig No. 1 when diluted 1:8 and hyperimmunized pig No. 2 when diluted 1:2. Pig No. 1 had developed a serum titer of 1:64 using the indirect fluorescent antibody test for large spirochetes. The conjugated serum from the three swine which had recovered from swine dysentery fluoresced spirochetes only when undiluted. The conjugated serum from the two swine treated while having a hemorrhagic diarrhea did not fluoresce spirochetes. No immunofluorescence of Vibrio spp. was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Immunofluorescence of spirochetes with serum from swine recovered from swine dysentery using an indirect fluorescent antibody test.

Using an indirect fluorescent antibody test, immunofluorescence of large spirochetes was observed with serum from swine that had recovered from swine dysentery. The spirochetes were obtained from scrapings of the colonic mucosa on the first day of diarrhea which was the time when the spirochete population was observed to be the highest. Of 29 exposed nonmedicated swine which developed and recovered from a diarrhea characteristic of swine dysentery 27 had antispirochete serum titers which ranged from 1:2 to 1:16. None of the 50 nonexposes swine developed a titer. Of 19 swine with a serum titer and reexposed with infective swine dysentery inoculum, 18 did not develop a diarrhea and were presumed to be immune. Considering these findings it is possible that this test could be used to detect antispirochete antibody in unknown swine serum.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Relationship between Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome and spirochetes infection].

By using Warthin-Starry spirochete special stain method and a transmission electron microscope for the first time, we detected spirochetes separately in lesions of 23 cases of MRS and 5 cases of MRS. Their shapes and distributive places were described. 11 cases were treated by high dose of penicillin, and 10 were responsive. This result provided further basis for a conjecture that the attack of MRS may be related to the infection of spirochetes.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

[Modern serological diagnosis of syphilis (author's transl)].

After discussion of the antigen structure of Treponema pallidum it is shown that only reactions with the pallidum antigen can establish a serological diagnosis of syphilis. Reactions with Reiter antigen are superfluous, reactions with lipoid antigen (cardiolipin) are non-specific and not very sensitive and consequently only conditionally useful as a test reaction. The behavior of the Treponema and lipoid antigen reactions is different in the various stages of lues, and consequently permits certain conclusions to be drawn from the reaction pattern on the stage of lues present or on the therapeutic success by quantitative longitudinal assessment. The special conditions in the cerebrospinal fluid are discussed.

Antibodies↗