Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “RAPE”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Does response of rape to La and critical concentration of La in red earth].

The effects of different concentration of La added in red soil on the growth, yield, content of chlorophyll and peroxidase(POD) activity of rape were studied by pot experiments. The results showed that the growth and yield of rape could be improved by low concentration of La3+, however there was no significant difference between the treatment and the control, and inhibited when the dose were more than 300 mg kg-1 and killed after 600 mg.kg-1 La was added. The decrease of chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b was observed when the exogenous concentration of La was more than 15 mg.kg-1. POD activity increased gradually with increasing concentration and prolonging reaction. The feasible application level of La was suggested to be below 15 mg.kg-1.

Chlorophyll↗
PubMed2000

[A primary study on chemical bound forms of copper and zinc in wheat and rape].

Sequential extraction method was used to analyze and distinguish various chemical bound forms of copper and zinc in rape and wheat. The results show that in these two crops, copper was mainly in the form of wate soluble and ethanol soluble, which can be easily transferred in crops. The total content of various chemical bound forms of copper was higher in aboveground part than in underground part, and their content was decreased in the order of water soluble form (W.S. form) > residual form (Re. form) > ethanol soluble form(Eth. S. form) > acid soluble form (A.S. form). Zinc was mainly in the form of acid soluble, which is hard to be transferred in crops. The total content of various chemical bound forms of zinc was lower in aboveground part than in roots, and their content was decreased in the order of A.S. form > Re. form > W.S. form > Eth. S. form. In comparing with copper, a large amount of zinc was enriched in seeds and pods of rape.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1975

The long-chain acyl-CoA hydrolase activity in the heart of rat fed on rape-seed oil.

1. Fat feeding (soybean oil or erucic acid-rich rape-seed oil) enhance after 2 to 7 days the palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase activity in the heart of weanling rats in a degree dependent on the content of fat in the diet. 2. The rise in enzyme activity between the 7th and 14th day of feeding, observed only in rats fed on rape-seed oil, coincides with the decrease in lipid infiltration in the heart. 3. The obtained results suggest that palmitoyl-CoA hydrolase may control in the heart the amount of acyl-CoA thioesters in the cell, thus decreasing the lipidosis induced by eurcic acid.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Effect of water stress on the agressiveness of oilsseed rape (Brassica napus L.) and two mustards (Sinapis alba L. and S. arvensis L.).

Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), a winter sown crop, may compete for water especially with Brassicaceae weeds. Investigating plant competition under water stress conditions is necessary for achieving a good yield in a Mediterranean climate characterized by a scarse water availability. This experiment was carried out to study the competiveness of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) with two brassicaceae weeds (Sinapis alba L. and S. arvensis L.). Species were grown at a density of two plants per bucket either in monoculture or as a binary mixture under water stress conditions in a greenhouse. Results of monoculture showed that B. napus had the highest shoot dry matter. Shoot dry matter of B. napus was more reduced by intraspecific competition than by interspecific competition due to S. arvensis. Shoot dry matter of S. alba in monoculture was higher than in mixture with S. arvensis, but more reduced in mixture with B. napus. In case of S. arvensis, shoot dry matter was more reduced by interspecific competition than by intraspecific competition. Agressivity based on grain yield showed, that B. napus was the most agressive species followed by S. alba. This agressivity did not change by the imposed water stress.

Brassica napus↗
PubMed2005

Competitiveness and dry matter allocation of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) and two mustards (Sinapis alba L. and S. arvensis L.) under water stress conditions.

In Morocco, oilseed rape is commonly exposed to mustards competition which are not totally controlled by herbicides. To understand the competitiveness of each species, growth parameters should be studied notably dry matter allocation. The objective of this study was to confirm the competitiveness of oilseed rape with regard to Sinapis alba and S. arvensis and to investigate how the dry matter is allocated. A pot experiment was undertaken with a quartz sand as substrate. Two plant densities were tested (one and two plants). The binary density was either a monoculture or a mixture. Half the pots were maintained at field moisture capacity and the other half was irrigated up to 70% of its water holding capacity. Dry matter allocation of each species at density two was compared to that of the same species at density one. Results of replacement series diagrams and those of the relative crowding coefficient (based on total dry matter) showed that Brassica napus was more competitive than S. alba. S. arvensis was the least competitive. Under competition, B. napus irrigated at water holding capacity allocated more dry matter to stem when compared to its dry matter at density one. Under the same condition, when reducing water supply, B. napus allocated more dry matter to leaves. In case of S. alba, dry matter percent in leaves and roots were respectively low and high in normally irrigated plant and inversely under water shortage. S. arvensis allocated high and low dry matter percent respectively to root than to leaves when sufficiently irrigated. But no clear tendency was noticed under water shortage, for this species.

Brassica napus↗
PubMed2005

Responses of antioxidant enzyme and photosynthesis in rape seedling to the combined stresses of acid rain and ultraviolet-B radiation.

Effects of the simulated acid rain (AR) and ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280-320 nm) radiation with a single or two ways simultaneously (AR + UV-B) on the antioxidant enzyme and photosynthesis of the rape seedlings were investigated by the hydroponic culture. The results of static experiment indicated that the tolerance of rape seedling to single stress (AR or UV-B) is stronger than that to dual stresses (AR + UV-B). Furthermore, the dual stresses had additive effect on catalase activity, and a synergistic effect on MDA content, net photosynthesis rate, water use efficiency as well as intercellular CO2 concentration. Meanwhile, it has an independent effect on chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate as well as membrane permeability. During 64 h restoration course, the dynamic change in the curves of physiological and biochemical indices were not identical, and none of them show a simple linear variation. According to the static and dynamic experiments, it was found that a responsive sequence of catalase activity, membrane permeability, MDA content and photosynthetic characteristics to the above-mentioned stresses was as follows: AR + UV-B > UV-B > AR.

Acid Rain↗
PubMed2005

Biodiversity of nematofauna of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.).

Few data is available on the nematodes found in Brassicaceae, except for the most important plant parasite. However, studying the structure of nematofauna could be an important database for the soil quality and in order to assess the effects of future disturbance. This is particularly important considering that the diffusion of the canola crop in the world is increasing because of its use as a bio-diesel. Very diffused is also the Bt variety of oil seed rape, and, in this case, the study of the impact on the soil health and on bio-diversity is essential. In this research we have analyzed the nematode community, used as a bio-indicator of the soil condition. The nematofauna found in canola (Brassica napus var. oleifera) fields located in Southern Italy (Metaponto - MT) was investigated. The nematode community was studied considering its abundance, genus composition and trophic structure. Maturity and biodiversity indices were also calculated. A total of 5286 nematodes were extracted. They belong to 14 families and 24 genera. Bacterial and fungal feeders, 50.18% and 42.90% of the total respectively, dominated the trophic structure. Aphelencus is the most abundant genus (23.71%) followed by Acrobeloides (20.49%) and Aphelencoides (19.18%). Among plant feeders (6.59%), Pratylenchus is the dominant genus (2.20%) and Tylenchidae the main family (3.54%). No infestation of Meloidogyne, Heterodera or Naboccus, important plant-parasitic nematodes of canola crops, was recorded. Other important phytophagous were Helycotylenchus (0.5%), Trichotylenchus (0.5%) and Filenchus (0.9%). All of them had an abundance level below injury level. The indices of biodiversity are rather low (H'=0.93, J'=0.67), as is typical for agro ecosystems. However, the nematofauna community is quite well structured (N2=6.31, D=0.16) and the maturity index rather high (EMI=1.94). These values demonstrate that oilseed rape has a lower impact on the soil compared to other crop systems and that it could be taken into consideration for crop rotation programs. Canola could follow other more stressful crops, trying to maintain soil equilibrium.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2006

[Effects of Cd on rape growth and antioxidant enzyme system].

The study with pot experiment showed that the fresh weights of rape plant and leaf decreased with increasing Cd concentration, and the decrease of leaf fresh weight resulted in the decrease of whole plant fresh weight. The permeability of cell membrane and the content of MDA increased with increasing Cd concentration. When the concentration of Cd was 20 mg x kg(-1), compared with the control, cell membrane permeability and MDA content were increased by 29.68% and 15.19% respectively, and there was a significant correlation between these two indices. When the Cd concentration was 5 mg x kg(-1), the contents of chlorophyll a, b and a + b reached their peaks, and were 23.97%, 33.63% and 26.45% higher than the control, respectively. Cd stress had no significant effect on carotenoid content. The sensibility of the pigments to Cd stress was chlorophyll b> chlorophyll a> chlorophyll a + b> carotenoid, and that of protective enzymes was POD>CAT>SOD. The IC50 of test physiological indices suggested that rape could only grow well on the soil with < 5 mg x kg(-1) Cd.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2006

[Allelopathic effects of Lycoris radiate on radish, cucumber, tomato and rape seedlings].

The laboratory test showed that Lycoris radiate water extract had a stronger inhibitory effect on the seed germination and seedling growth of radish, cucumber, tomato and rape. After treated with 0.0125 g x ml(-1) of the extract, tomato seed could not germinate, but the seed germination inhibition rate of rape, radish and cucumber was only 17.73%, 14.97% and 2.65%, respectively. Under the same concentrations of the extract, sprout growth was inhibited more strongly than root growth. L. radiate methanol extract could inhibit the sprout and root growth of endosperm-removed wheat and sorghum, and the effect was stronger for sorghum than for wheat. All of these illustrated that L. radiate extracts mainly inhibited non-photosynthesis activity, but could also inhibit photosynthesis activity to some degree.

Brassica↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hypocholesterolemic action of oils from the seeds of new selection varieties of winter rape and winter cress in trials on rats].

The capacity of new selected sorts of rape and winter cress oils to decrease a high cholesterol level in the blood and liver was studied in "cholesterol" rats. Basing on the data obtained a conclusion could be made on the hypocholesterolemic effect of the oils when they were given to animals. It is suggested that rape oil ("Agat", "Kubanskoye") and winter cress oil ("Sibiryachka") initiate the lipid transport in the blood and tissues thus leading to the reduction of the cholesterol level in the blood and liver tissue in "cholesterol" rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The occurrence of mixed infections of turnip mosaic, cauliflower mosaic and cucumber mosaic viruses in winter oilseed rape from the territory of Uzbekhistan.

Turnip mosaic, cauliflower mosaic and cucumber mosaic viruses (TuMV, CaMV and CMV) were isolated and identified from winter oilseed rape plants from Uzbekhistan. This is the first record on the occurrence of CaMV and of mixed infection of rape with the three aforementioned viruses from the territory of the former Soviet Union.

Mosaic Viruses↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sequelae of abuse. Health effects of childhood sexual abuse, domestic battering, and rape.

Violence against women is endemic in the United States. One third to one half of all women will experience one or more types of abuse in their lifetime, most often at the hands of a family member or an intimate or formerly intimate partner. One in 12 women is battered during pregnancy. Abuse survivors are disproportionately frequent users of health care services because of acute and chronic physical, somatic, emotional, and behavioral sequelae of abuse. Health care practitioners are often the first contact abuse survivors have with a potentially helping professional. It is, therefore, essential that health care providers learn to identify and to intervene appropriately with survivors of abuse. This article reviews and compares the health effects of three of the most common types of violence against women: childhood sexual abuse, domestic battering, and rape. Sequelae are divided into six categories: physical/medical, somatic, emotional/ psychological, social/interpersonal, behavioral/sexual, and pregnancy-related effects. The health effects discussed in this article include research findings, as well as effects noted in clinical practice. Recommendations are made for routine screening of all women for past and current abuse, as well as for intervention strategies.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Care of the woman who has been raped.

There is an escalating epidemic of rape in the United States. All victims have psychological injury, and over half sustain physical injury in the assault. The response of health care professionals to these women demands sensitivity and expertise. A focused history and well-documented physical examination are crucial. Consistency among the history and physical findings, objective findings of recent trauma, and evidence of recent sexual activity are critical. Compliance with forensic protocols ensures that this information will be available for criminal proceedings. Long-term follow-up care and psychological support are necessary for the woman to make the transition from victim to survivor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Reduced sensory gating of the P1 potential in rape victims and combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder.

The P1 midlatency auditory evoked potential was studied in female rape victims with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and compared to an age-matched female control group; and in male combat veterans with PTSD and compared to three groups of age-matched male control subjects. Sensory gating of the P1 potential was determined using a paired click stimulus paradigm in which the stimuli were presented at 250, 500 and 1000 msec interstimulus intervals (ISI). Results showed that sensory gating of the P1 potential was significantly decreased at the 250 msec ISI, and that there was a numerical, but not a statistically significant, decrease in sensory gating at the other intervals tested in both male and female PTSD subjects compared to all control groups. Since the P1 potential may be generated, at least in part, by the reticular activating system, dysregulation of sensory processing by elements of this system may be present in PTSD.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1977

Religiousness and devaluation of a rape victim.

In a 4X3 design (religious orientation vs. marital status of victim), 167 Ss were given a case account of a rape. Intrinsically religious Ss devalued the victim less than did Ss who were extrinsically oriented, indiscriminately proreligious and indiscriminately nonreligious. No significant effect was noted for the marital status of the victim, nor was there a significant interaction between these two variables.

Attitude↗
PubMed2000

Emergency evaluation and intervention with female victims of rape and other violence.

Given the high prevalence of crime within the general population and the increased rates of victimization among those seeking medical care, professionals who work in emergency departments, primary care medical facilities, or mental health settings need to be prepared to address physical and psychological problems related to sexual and physical assault. In this paper, interpersonal violence prevalence studies are reviewed in terms of study design and findings for sexual assault and physical assault. Common injuries following both forms of assault are documented, followed by a review of long-term medical outcomes. In addition to a review of physical health outcomes, primary psychological effects of violence are also reviewed. Strategies with which to screen for interpersonal violence in the medical setting are offered, and issues related to mandatory reporting are summarized. Interventions for assault victims that can be implemented in the medical setting are outlined, and a new hospital-based treatment for victims of rape is described.

Crisis Intervention↗
PubMed1976

Community assistance for rape victims.

This paper describes a program designed to use trained volunteer companions in crisis intervention with rape victims in a public hospital emergency room. The history of the extensive negotiations necessary to implement the program and detailed descriptions of volunteer training are included. Results are largely in the form of subjective experience.

Colorado↗
PubMed2005

Prediction of numbing and effortful avoidance in female rape survivors with chronic PTSD.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationships among numbing, arousal, intrusion, and avoidance in a sample of 272 female rape survivors. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to test a theoretical model, which posits that hyperarousal and numbing are functionally related mechanisms and intrusions and avoidance are functionally related. Results supported the hypothesis that arousal explained the majority of the variance in numbing beyond that explained by avoidance and intrusion. In addition, intrusive symptoms explained the majority of the variance in effortful avoidance beyond that explained by numbing and arousal. The findings suggest that numbing and effortful avoidance may be separate mechanisms associated with symptoms of arousal and intrusion, respectively.

Adolescent↗