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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Controlled observation on Guan-moxibustion and suspended moxibustion for treatment of herpes simplex virus facial neuritis].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical therapeutic effect of Guan-moxibustion on herpes simplex virus facial neuritis. METHODS: One hundred and sixty cases were enrolled in 3 centers and 157 cases were completed the study. All he patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, a Guan-moxibustion group and a suspended moxibustion plus acupuncture group. All of them were treated with basic acupuncture, and the Guan-moxibustion group were added with Guan-moxibustion and the suspended moxibustion group with suspended moxibustion. They were treated for 8 weeks, and facial disability index (FDI) and House-Brackmann facial nerve grading system were used to assess therapeutic effects. RESULTS: The effective rate was 91.0% in the Guan-moxibustion group and 72.2% in the suspended moxibustion group with a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05), the Guan-moxibustion being better than the suspended moxibustion group. CONCLUSION: The therapeutic effect of Guan-moxibustion plus acupuncture on herpes simplex virus facial neuritis is better than that of suspended moxibustion plus acupuncture.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed2005

Sensitivity and specificity of mastoid vibration test in detection of effects of vestibular neuritis.

Aim of this study was to determine sensitivity and specificity of the mastoid vibration test in patients who had suffered an attack of vestibular neuritis. Results were compared with the caloric test and two bedside tests of vestibular function (head shaking test and head thrust test). Results are reported in 28 patients who had a residual vestibular deficit 6 months after acute neuritis and in 25 healthy subjects. Mastoid vibration nystagmus was evoked in 21 patients but not in controls. In these patients, mastoid vibration test had a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 100%. Since one patient had inverted mastoid vibration nystagmus, specificity of identification on the pathological side was 95%. Sensitivity of the test increased with increasing severity of the vestibular lesion. Indeed, mastoid vibration nystagmus was induced in 93% of patients with caloric paralysis and in 58% of those with caloric paresis. Nystagmus could usually be modulated or elicited by stimulation of either mastoid. In the few patients in whom mastoid vibration nystagmus was elicited only from one side, or when there was a clear difference in intensity of the nystagmus induced on the two sides, the stimulated side was more often the affected side. Four patients still showed spontaneous nystagmus. The caloric test was abnormal in 26/28 patients (93%) with paralysis in 16 and paresis in 12; 71% of patients had a head shaking induced nystagmus: 64% had an asymmetrical response in head thrust test. In conclusion, mastoid vibration test was overall more sensitive than head thrust test. Mastoid vibration test was slightly less sensitive than head shaking test in patients with severe residual deficit and more sensitive in patients with partial deficit. Mastoid vibration test, a valid, low cost clinical screening test for rapid detection of asymmetrical vestibular function, does not cause patient discomfort. It is suggested that this test be included in the diagnostic workup of all patients with suspected vestibular dysfunction.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

[Hansen's neuritis in the form of pseudysyringomyelia. Clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic consideration a propos of 3 cases].

Three cases of neuropathic leprosy (one Moroccan, two non-colonial immigrants) enable attention to be drawn to two aspects of theproblem of Hansen's neuritis: 1) such cases should no longer be considered exceptional, infection occuring in countries where leprosy is endemic but the disease developing years later in any country; 2) among the various neurological aspects of neuritis due to Hansen's bacillus, great stress is laid on sensory disorders of the syringomyelic type, with thermalgesic dissociation; although these symptoms have been considered typical (our three cases are an illustration of this), they seem to occur fairly rarely and are the cause of difficulties in diagnosis as it is the last thing one would think of. Treatment of these neural forms is not encouraging, in spite of a therapeutic arsenal which in theory is considered effective.

Female↗
PubMed1996

Comparative trial of steroids and surgical intervention in the management of ulnar neuritis.

Fifty-seven ulnar nerves in 39 patients with early neuritis were studied to assess the benefits offered by medial epicondylectomy and external decompression in addition to steroid therapy. The patients were randomly allocated to the surgical or medical group. In those cases where there was bilateral involvement, surgery was carried out on only one side. All cases were assessed prior to treatment and after the first and second years following treatment. The improvement in motor and sensory functions attained at the end of the first year was sustained into the second year. The improvement sustained in both groups was similar even in the second year, and medial epicondylectomy with external decompression seems to have no added benefit as compared to steroid therapy alone in the early treatment of ulnar neuritis. Early diagnosis and treatment, especially in borderline lepromatous cases, seem to offer some hope of nerve function recovery.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed2001

Wartenberg's migrant sensory neuritis.

We describe a patient with the sudden onset of a painful, purely sensory, mononeuritis multiplex. Investigations showed no evidence for any underlying systemic condition. A nerve biopsy showed fascicular wallerian degeneration with perineurial thickening, inflammatory cells, and immunoglobulin G (IgG) deposition. His painful sensory deficits persisted, with no improvement after treatment with prednisone. The clinical characteristics in this case were very similar to those originally described by Wartenberg, and subsequently by other investigators. The investigations in our case strongly suggest that there may be an underlying immune pathogenesis for cases of Wartenberg's migrant sensory neuritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1955

Allergic neuritis: an experimental disease of rabbits induced by the injection of peripheral nervous tissue and adjuvants.

In experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), produced by injecting rabbits with whole rabbit spinal cord together with tubercle bacilli and mineral oil, lesions comparable to those seen in the central nervous system are found in the nerve roots, spinal ganglia, and peripheral nerves. When special fractions of bovine white matter are used as antigen in rabbits, the same distribution of lesions is seen but peripheral nerve involvement is relatively less frequent. When rabbit sciatic nerve or spinal ganglia are used as antigen in rabbits, lesions occur only in the roots, ganglia, and peripheral nerves. Lesions are not produced in the central nervous system, nor is there a meningitis. This disease picture has been called experimental allergic neuritis (EAN). The antigenicity of rabbit nerve is not impaired by autoclaving. Sciatic nerve of other mammalian species produces the same disease in rabbits as does rabbit nerve. Optic nerve, used as antigen, produces the typical picture of EAE, not EAN. The optic nerves are not affected in EAN, whereas they commonly contain lesions in EAE. There are differences of symptomatology, referable to the difference in distribution of lesions, between EAE and EAN. The spinal fluid of EAE shows an increase both in the number of cells and in the total protein content. In EAN, the same changes in protein are observed, but usually the cell count remains normal. The cell count appears to be related to the involvement of cerebral and spinal meninges, which is an almost invariable accompaniment of EAE. The skin tests and serologic studies made with homologous and heterologous antigens were essentially non-contributory, apparently as a consequence of the diversity of antigens present in the inoculated materials. The similarity between EAN and certain of the human polyneuritides is indicated and discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Spontaneous and experimental neuritis and the distribution of the myelin protein P2 in the nervous system.

The P2 contents of nervous tissues from the human, rabbit, guinea pig, and Lewis rat were measured by radioimmunoassay. The ventral spinal roots contained more P2 than any other tissue. Human dorsal roots and peripheral nerves contained 41-65% of the amount in human ventral roots. Human olfactory and optic nerves and brain contained 1.1-2.7%, spinal cord, 2.8%, cranial nerve VIII, 11%, and cerebral grey matter, 0%. The relative amounts in the rabbit nervous system were similar except that the spinal cord contained 20% of the amount in the ventral roots. Qualitative estimates in the guinea pig showed that the spinal roots and peripheral nerves contained more P2 than the spinal cord, and that none was present in the brain. In the Lewis rat, P2 could be detected in the spinal roots and peripheral nerves but not in the CNS. The distribution of P2 in the human nervous system parallels the incidence and severity of lesions in acute polyradiculoneuritis. It also explains the absence of any lesions in the CNS when experimental allergic neuritis is induced in the Lewis rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Postpartum idiopathic brachial neuritis.

We present a case of a woman who developed bilateral idiopathic brachial neuritis in the postpartum period following normal pregnancy and delivery. The diagnosis was substantiated with extensive electrophysiologic testing. Shoulder girdle pain and muscular dysfunction resolved slowly, and 12 months later the patient complained only of minimal shoulder discomfort.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Neuritis of the serratus anterior muscle associated with Borrelia burgdorferi infection].

A long thoracic nerve palsy developed in two patients with Borrelia burgdorferi infection. In both cases, pain in the shoulder preceded a scapula detachment suggesting first a diagnosis of neuralgic shoulder amyotrophia. In the first case, there was a context of typical meningoradiculitis, while the second patient had an isolated right shoulder amyotrophia without any other neurologic signs and with normal CSF analysis. A detailed anamnesis, the serology profile, and the good response to an adequate antibiotic treatment allowed us to attribute these two long thoracic nerve palsies to B. burgdorferi. This infection is important to consider as a possible etiology in cases of peripheral neuritis without other obvious causes.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Pattern shift visual evoked responses. Two hundred patients with optic neuritis and/or multiple sclerosis.

Fifty-one patients with clinically pure optic neuritis (ON) and 149 with possible, probable, or definite multiple sclerosis (MS) were tested with pattern shift visual evoked responses (PSVER) and compared with a group of 43 normal subjects. Attention was paid to response latency, intereye latency difference, as well as differences in amplitude or duration of the major positive peak (P100). Abnormal PSVER cannot be recorded from everyone with confirmed ON. Abnormal responses were recorded from 91% of all patients (including those with MS) who had a history of ON, 57% of all MS patients, and 36% of patients without a history of ON or an abnormal eye examination. Measurements of amplitude and duration proved to be of little value in this setting. Though abnormalities of PSVER are not "specific" for ON or MS, because they also result from other disease processes, they afford more reliable, quantitative documentation of abnormal conduction in visual pathways than any other clinical test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Isolated idiopathic optic neuritis. Analysis of free kappa-light chains in cerebrospinal fluid and correlation with nuclear magnetic resonance findings.

There is controversy about the frequency with which patients with isolated optic neuritis (ON) subsequently develop clinically definite multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, at the time of isolated ON, there are no features that are both sensitive and accurate in predicting which patients will develop clinically definite multiple sclerosis. We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from eight patients with isolated ON and compared the result with the presence of clinically silent brain lesions demonstrated by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. The single most common laboratory abnormality was an elevated level of free kappa-light chains in CSF. This abnormality was present in five (63%) of eight patients with isolated ON and correlated with the presence of clinically silent brain lesions demonstrated in four of the five patients by nuclear magnetic resonance. The only other laboratory abnormality that correlated with disseminated disease was the presence of oligoclonal bands, but this finding was observed less frequently than was an elevated level of free kappa-chains. Thus, the presence of free kappa-chains in CSF appears to correlate with disseminated disease in patients with isolated ON and may have prognostic value.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Chiasmal neuritis as a complication of Epstein-Barr virus infection.

A 13-year-old boy developed visual loss in association with an upper respiratory tract infection. Neuro-ophthalmologic examination indicated a lesion at the junction of the right optic nerve and chiasm. Laboratory investigation and subsequent serologic studies demonstrated recent Epstein-Barr virus infection, suggesting an association of chiasmal optic neuritis with Epstein-Barr virus infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Anti-myelin basic protein and anti-proteolipid protein antibody-secreting cells in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute optic neuritis.

OBJECTIVE: To study the intrathecal synthesis of anti-myelin basic protein (MBP) and anti-proteolipid protein (PLP) antibodies in patients in the early stages of multiple sclerosis. DESIGN AND SETTING: A study of consecutive patients with acute optic neuritis (ON) who were undergoing lumbar punctures in an ambulatory unit. PATIENTS: Eleven patients with acute idiopathic ON and 14 patients with acute ON as a symptom of definite multiple sclerosis (the diagnosis of which was supported by clinical or laboratory findings). Nineteen patients with other neurological diseases (10 with inflammatory diseases) served as controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Numbers of anti-MBP and anti-PLP antibody-secreting cells in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples that were enumerated with an immunospot assay. RESULTS: Cerebrospinal fluid cells that secreted anti-MBP or anti-PLP antibodies were detected in 10 of 15 and in 21 of 23 patients with acute ON, while they were detected in nine of 18 and in six of 18 patients with other neurological diseases, respectively. Patients with ON had significantly more anti-PLP-secreting cells than did patients with other neurological diseases (P < .01). No difference was observed for anti-MBP-secreting cells. A significant correlation between the time from onset and the number of anti-PLP-secreting cells was found in patients with idiopathic ON (P < .02). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that anti-PLP antibodies are a more specific finding in demyelinating disease than anti-MBP antibodies. Furthermore, they suggest that anti-PLP antibodies may arise as a consequence of the demyelinating process.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

HLA typing in acute optic neuritis. Relation to multiple sclerosis and magnetic resonance imaging findings.

OBJECTIVE: To study the association of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and HLA findings to clarify the relationship between monosymptomatic optic neuritis (ON) and ON as part of clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS). DESIGN: Population-based cohort of patients with ON referred prospectively during 6 years by neurologists and ophthalmologists within 4 weeks of onset of ON. SETTING: Referral center in the general community of greater Copenhagen (Denmark) (population, 1.5 million). PATIENTS: A consecutive sample of 199 patients aged 12 to 59 years with ON (133 with idiopathic ON, 66 with ON + CDMS), ethnically matched with 192 healthy volunteers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Relation between the HLA-DR15, -DR17, -DQA-1B, and -DQB-1B polymorphisms as defined by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, and presence of plaques on T2-weighted brain MRI. RESULTS: The frequency of HLA-DR15 was significantly increased in patients with ON + CDMS (52%) and ON (47%) compared with control subjects (31%). The frequency of HLA-DR17 was almost equal in the ON + CDMS (18%), ON (23%), and control (23%) groups. The frequencies of HLA-DQA-1B (55% in ON + CDMS, 58% in ON) and HLA-DQB-1B (49% in ON + CDMS, 59% in ON) were significantly increased compared with control subjects (41%, HLA-DQA-1B; 37%, HLA-DQB-1B). Brain MRI was abnormal in 48 of 56 examined patients with ON + CDMS and in 64 of 120 examined patients with ON (P < .001). In contrast, the frequencies of HLA alleles did not differ between patients with and without demyelinating lesions. However, patients with ON and normal MRI findings did not show association with HLA-DR15. CONCLUSIONS: The frequencies of alleles were similar in patients with ON and ON + CDMS, confirming that they are not 2 immunogenetically distinct disease entities. The heterogeneity within the group of patients with ON suggests that the HLA-DR15 molecule is involved in susceptibility to initial demyelinating lesion formation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2004

The natural history of recurrent optic neuritis.

BACKGROUND: Optic neuritis (ON) may occur in isolation or may herald multiple sclerosis (MS) or neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Occasionally, ON may recur many times without intervening evidence of dissemination in space. OBJECTIVE: To define the clinical course and prognosis of patients with recurrent ON. DESIGN: Retrospective medical record review and telephone follow-up survey. SETTING: Clinic-based practice in a large tertiary referral institution. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Survival analysis of conversion to MS and NMO and final visual impairment. We studied the association of clinical and demographic factors, the presence of brain lesions on magnetic resonance images, and the use of corticosteroid treatment at the time of the first ON occurrence with conversion to MS and NMO. RESULTS: We identified 1274 patients with ON between 1994 and 2000 and selected 72 (5.7%) with recurrent ON without intervening symptoms of a disseminated demyelinating condition for further analysis. The 5-year conversion rate to NMO was 12.5% and to MS, 14.4%. Among 5 patients with 2 or more lesions consistent with MS on brain magnetic resonance images, 2 (40.0%) converted to MS and none to NMO, while among 11 patients without such lesions, none converted to MS and 2 (18.2%) converted to NMO (P =.16). Conversion to MS occurred in 7 (19.4%) of 36 individuals treated for their first ON episode with corticosteroids vs 4 (44.4%) of 9 untreated individuals (P =.19). There was no difference in the conversion rate to MS between those treated with intravenous steroids (4 [16.7%] of 24) vs oral steroids (3 [25.0%] of 12) (P =.33). Conversion to NMO occurred earlier than conversion to MS (2.3 +/- 1.6 vs 5.3 +/- 4.3 years, respectively; P =.01). Women tended to convert to NMO more frequently than men (female-male ratio for NMO converters, 7:1; MS converters, 2:1; nonconverters, 2:1; P =.56), as did those with a higher annual frequency of ON episodes (NMO converters, 2.0 +/- 1.3; MS converters, 1.0 +/- 1.0; nonconverters, 0.6 +/- 0.5; P =.04). The number of ON events in the first 2 years following the first ON episode was higher in the NMO group (NMO converters, 2.4 +/- 0.9; MS converters, 1.9 +/- 1.1; nonconverters, 1.7 +/- 0.7; P =.04). The final visual impairment was greatest in the NMO group (P =.02). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with rapid succession of severe ON events are more likely to develop a generalized demyelinating disease. Patients with NMO had a worse visual outcome.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Grating test of contrast sensitivity in patients with retrobulbar neuritis.

A retrospective study of 57 patients with retrobulbar neuritis (RBN) was carried out with a new test of contrast sensitivity that utilizes printed sinusoidal gratings. For 21 patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, visual abnormality was detected in 18 "affected" eyes and 12 apparently unaffected eyes. For the 36 patients with RBN, abnormalities were detected in 29. In seven of these cases, the grating test showed bilateral impairment. The grating test seemed to be a more sensitive indicator of demyellinization than other psychophysical tests. In 24 of the patients with the least severe disease, the grating test was compared with the visual evoked response. The probability of making a positive diagnosis was .54 for the evoked potential alone, and .71 for the grating test alone.

Cerebral Cortex↗