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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Risk factors and age-incidence relationships for contralateral breast cancer.

The nation-wide Swedish Family-Cancer Database was used to analyze the risk of contralateral breast cancer among 72,092 women with unilateral breast cancer. Contralateral breast cancer, defined as being diagnosed 6 months or more after the first breast cancer, affected 2,529 women (3.5%). In a young age group the incidence of contralateral breast cancer was 50 times higher than the incidence of first breast cancer; for all contralateral breast cancer the difference was 5-fold. Because only 1 breast was at risk for contralateral breast cancer, the true differences to unilateral cancer were 2 times higher. The age-incidence relationship was unusual, exhibiting a high incidence (800/10(5) person-years) component at an early age (25 to 49 years) and a lower incidence (460/10(5) person-years) component at a later age (50-80 years). The discrete components suggest population heterogeneity. Age at diagnosis of the first breast cancer and family history of breast cancer associated with the risk of contralateral breast cancer. Other, weaker risk factors were birth cohort, age at first childbirth, parity and interval between first and second breast cancer. The incidence of familial contralateral breast cancer was 1. 5 times higher than that of sporadic disease, and its age-incidence curve also exhibited 2 separate components. The age-incidence relationships of contralateral breast cancer suggest that the disease affects a small and heterogeneous susceptible population.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Aggressive growth of epithelial carcinomas following treatment with nucleoside analogues.

Two patients, one with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and one with hairy-cell leukemia (HCL), were treated with immunosuppressive chemotherapy. The patient with CLL was a 54-year-old female, who had had a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) excised from her forehead 5 months before receiving the first course of fludarabine. During the fludarabine treatment, the patient developed a local SCC relapse and metastases in the neck. The carcinoma was treated by excision and radiotherapy, and further fludarabine treatment was withheld. Nevertheless, the SCC metastasized aggressively and the patient died 3 months after the start of fludarabine treatment, primarily due to respiratory failure. The autopsy revealed heavy SCC infiltrations involving the lungs, pleura, mediastinum, pericardium, and liver. The patient with HCL was a 69-year-old male. At the time of diagnosis of HCL, the patient had two solid tumors in the liver containing poorly differentiated epithelial carcinoma cells of unknown origin. During treatment with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2CdA), the tumors in the liver rapidly spread in multiple intrahepatic metastases, followed by liver failure and death within 1 month. Fludarabine and 2CdA cause a substantial suppression of all lymphocyte subsets, in particular the T-cell line. T-lymphocytes are believed to be responsible for the usually slow growth and the low metastatic rate of the SCC skin lesions. It is therefore assumed that fludarabine and 2CdA in these two cases triggered an exacerbation of both tumors due to the T-cell depletion.

2-Chloroadenosine↗
PubMed1978

Mixed intracranial sarcomas: rare forms and a new association with previous radiation therapy.

The first two instances of mixed sarcoma-glioblastoma with a history of therapeutic irradiation to the head are reported, both occurring within one year of radiation therapy (for pituitary adenoma and residual meningioma). Two novel variants of mixed sarcomas of brain with extreme tumor metaplasia (fibromyxoosteochondrosarcoma and fibrochondroosteosarcoma-glioblastoma multiforme) are documented, and some of the problems concerning the origin of brain tumors with mixed population are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Colonoscopic follow-up after resection for colorectal cancer: a selective policy.

A policy of selective colonoscopy after resection for colorectal cancer was evaluated to assess the benefit of detecting missed synchronous and metachronous tumours in patients under 70 years of age with a good prognosis, and the possible risk of missing such lesions in those not screened. With preoperative barium enema and palpation at laparotomy, synchronous cancers and adenomas were found in 2 and 28 per cent, respectively, of 275 consecutive patients undergoing resection. Eighty-five patients were selected for postoperative colonoscopy, which was repeated at least once in 32, there being a total of 60 repeat examinations. Adenomas, but no cancers, were found in 19 patients (22 per cent) on first screening, but on repeat colonoscopy early metachronous cancers were detected in three patients (9 per cent) and adenomas on 21 examinations (35 per cent). Only one of the patients followed by clinical examination developed a symptomatic tumour. This suggests that postoperative colonoscopy is unlikely to benefit the majority but may be extremely important for young fit patients with continuing polyp formation who are at high risk of developing metachronous cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Bilateral testicular germ cell tumors: twenty-year experience at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of testicular carcinoma in the United States has increased significantly over the last two decades. Germ cell tumors form the majority of malignant testicular tumors. With advances in diagnosis and therapeutic approaches, germ cell tumors are now highly sensitive to treatment, providing long-term survival. It has been speculated that the incidence of bilateral germ cell tumors may increase due to the improved survival of patients with unilateral germ cell tumors. In this report, the authors present a study of bilateral germ cell tumors of the testis in men who were treated at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center over a 20-year period with emphasis on their incidence, histologic features, and clinical features. METHODS: Between 1978 and 1999, 2431 patients with testicular germ cell tumors were treated at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. Among these, 24 patients with bilateral germ cell tumors were identified. Clinical records and all available pathology slides of the tumors were reviewed. RESULTS: The overall incidence of bilateral germ cell tumors in the patients with testicular germ cell tumors was 1% (24 of 2431 patients). The incidence was 1.8% (14 of 776 patients) in patients with seminoma and 0.6% (10 of 1655 patients) in patients with nonseminomatous germ cell tumors. Patients with seminoma who were age </= 30 years at the time of initial diagnosis had a higher incidence of bilateral tumors compared with older men. Twenty of 24 patients with bilateral germ cell tumors had metachronous tumors, and 4 patients had synchronous tumors. Among the patients with metachronous tumors, 70% of second tumors occurred within 5 years; the longest interval between the first and second tumors was 15 years. The outcome of patients with bilateral germ cell tumors was excellent; only 1 of 24 patients died of metastatic disease. CONCLUSIONS: The overall incidence of bilateral testicular germ cell tumors was 1% in patients who were treated at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center over the past two decades. The incidence of bilateral germ cell tumors was related to the histologic type of the initial tumor and to the patient's age at initial presentation in patients with seminoma. Thus, patients in the second or third decade of life who presented with seminomas as their initial tumor were more likely to develop a second germ cell tumor compared with patients in the fourth or fifth decade of life. These findings have potentially important implications for clinical management by identifying a population of patients with germ cell tumors who are at risk of developing a second tumor and also for studying risk factors of bilateral germ cell tumors of the testis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Multiple carcinomas following therapy for Hodgkin disease.

A 52-year-old man developed synchronous squamous-cell carcinoma of the larynx and middle one-third of the esophagus following treatment of Hodgkin disease. This patient fell into the subgroup of patients treated by intensive radiation therapy followed by intensive chemotherapy. The link between the therapy and subsequent carcinoma is suggestive. Long-term follow-up care of patients with Hodgkin disease demands continuing evaluation of this possible complication.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1981

Postirradiation malignant fibrous histiocytoma.

Three patients who were treated successfully with postoperative external radiation therapy for ovarian carcinoma, endometrial adenocarcinoma and bilateral retinoblastoma respectively developed years later malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) within the irradiated field. MFH is a recently described soft tissue sarcoma known for its dual fibroblastic and histiocytic differentiation resulting in a pleomorphic histologic appearance.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Granular cell tumor of the bronchus coexisting with a bronchogenic adenocarcinoma: a case report.

A case of endobronchial granular cell tumor and an adenocarcinoma in the same lobe of the lung are presented. A review of the literature documents 2 cases where there was coexistence of a bronchogenic carcinoma and a granular cell tumor. The different theories regarding the origin of granular cell tumors are considered. The treatment of choice would be that indicated for the carcinoma irrespective of the granular cell tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Acute leukaemia following malignant ependymoma: a case report.

Though an increasing number of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-related leukaemias are being reported, acute promyelocytic leukaemia developing as a therapy-related second malignancy is still uncommon. Here we report a case of acute promyelocytic leukemia, microgranular variant, developing in a case of intracranial malignant ependymoma, 1.5 years following treatment with craniospinal radiotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Osteosarcoma and acute myeloblastic leukemia after therapy for childhood Hodgkin disease - a case report.

A child diagnosed with Stage IVB Hodgkin disease at nine and one-half years of age subsequently developed osteosarcoma and acute myelogenous leukemia ten years after her initial diagnosis. She received multiple courses of radiotherapy and several single chemotherapeutic agents for her Hodgkin disease. Theraphy-induced multiple malignancies and intrinsic predisposition to carcinogenesis in this case is discussed.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1980

Endometrial carcinoma after Hodgkin disease in childhood.

A 34-year-old patient developed metastic endometrial carcinoma after Hodgkin disease in childhood. She had ovarian failure after abdominal irradiation and chemotherapy for Hodgkin disease, and received exogenous estrogens, a treatment implicated in the development of endometrial cancer in menopausal women. Young women on replacement estrogens for ovarian failure after cancer therapy may also have increased risk of endometrial carcinoma and should be examined periodically.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Lung cancer as a complication of prolonged survival in patients with lymphoma.

As a result of successful therapy with radiation, chemotherapy, or both, patients with lymphoma are living longer. The improved survival has led to an increased awareness of long term complications including second or subsequent malignancies. We have recently seen six cases of lung cancer--three adenocarcinomas, one squamous cell carcinoma, and two small cell carcinomas--among 655 patients with Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma suggesting a possible association, although other carcinogenic or cocarcinogenic factors cannot be eliminated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Simultaneous presentation of relapsing Hodgkin's disease and treatment-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

A 55-year-old white man was diagnosed in 1975 with Hodgkin's disease stage IIA, mixed cellularity. He was treated with 4,500 rads to an inverted-Y field followed by six cycles of MOPP and remained in complete remission. In 1983 a right axillary lymph node biopsy showed recurrent Hodgkin's disease, mixed cellularity. While receiving his initial chemotherapy he developed persistent epigastric distress. Endoscopic gastric biopsy demonstrated a diffuse large-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Surface marker studies confirmed the separate identity of these two malignant lymphoproliferative processes. This represents the first reported simultaneous occurrence of relapsing Hodgkin's disease with treatment-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1991

Basal cell carcinoma in young patients after irradiation for childhood malignancy.

Three patients underwent cranial irradiation as part of treatment for childhood malignancy. Two of these patients had acute lymphocytic leukemia and one had an astrocytoma. All had longlasting remissions from their childhood malignancy but 8-15 years later developed a basal cell carcinoma of the scalp within previous radiation portals. The basal cell carcinomas were all treated successfully using Mohs micrographic surgery. Follow-up of patients receiving irradiation for childhood malignancy should include periodic cutaneous examinations of previously irradiated sites.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2007

Trilateral retinoblastoma.

BACKGROUND: Trilateral retinoblastoma (TRB) is a syndrome consisting of unilateral or bilateral hereditary retinoblastoma (Rb) associated with an intracranial neuroblastic tumor. Although its incidence is low, the prognosis is very poor. This article reports four cases of TRB and discusses the role of neuroimaging screening for early detection. PROCEDURE: From January 1986 to December 2003, 470 children with Rb were admitted to the Pediatrics and Ophthalmology Departments, A C Camargo Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS: There were four patients with pineoblastoma, two of whom had a positive familial history. The age at diagnosis of Rb was 4, 6, 10, and 24 months while the age of diagnosis of TRB was 10, 25, 57, and 72 months. One patient presented TRB at initial diagnosis of Rb. Three patients had bilateral disease and all of them had one eye enucleated, followed by chemotherapy and/or external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). One child with unilateral disease was only submitted to enucleation. In spite of intensive treatment, all patients died with progressive disease within 7, 8, 12, and 12 months after diagnosis of TRB. CONCLUSIONS: Early diagnosis as well as new therapeutic approaches are needed to achieve better results.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2001

The clinical features of ovarian cancer in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is a hereditary cancer susceptibility disorder associated with a very high risk for carcinoma of the colon and an elevated risk for certain extracolonic cancers including ovarian cancer. Our aim in this study was to describe the clinicopathologic features of ovarian cancer in HNPCC family members. METHODS: . Members of the International Collaborative Group on HNPCC collected retrospective data on 80 ovarian cancer patients who were members of HNPCC families, including 31 known mutation carriers, 35 presumptive carriers (by colorectal/endometrial cancer status), and 14 at-risk family members. RESULTS: Mean age at diagnosis of ovarian cancer was 42.7. Nonepithelial tumors made up only 6.4% of the cancers, and borderline tumors comprised just 4.1% of the epithelial cancers. Among frankly malignant epithelial cases, most cancers were well or moderately differentiated, and 85% were FIGO stage I or II at diagnosis. Synchronous endometrial cancer was reported in 21.5% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Ovarian cancer in HNPCC differs from ovarian cancer in the general population in several clinically important respects. It occurs at a markedly earlier age. It is more likely to be epithelial. If it is a frankly invasive epithelial cancer, it is more likely to be well or moderately differentiated. HNPCC patients with ovarian cancer are more likely to have a synchronous endometrial cancer than other ovarian cancer patients and are more likely to be diagnosed at an early stage.

Adult↗