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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Diagnosis and spontaneous course of non-traumatic localized myositis ossificans].

Non-traumatic localized myositis ossificans is a rare variant of pseudotumoral muscular ossification. In the early stage it may be misdiagnosed as soft tissue sarcoma or some kind of osteosarcoma. Myositis ossificans itself does not always require therapy; when diagnosed on the basis of the typical features revealed by meticulous non-invasive investigation, biopsy is not mandatory for confirmation of the diagnosis. The diagnostic procedures needed - radiography, ultrasound, MRI, and isotope bone scan - are discussed with reference to three clinical case reports.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Isokinetic strength testing for evaluating the efficacy of intravenous immune globulin therapy for inclusion body myositis.

Inclusion body myositis is a disease of striated skeletal muscle of unclear etiopathogenesis. Its diagnosis is difficult. Corticosteroids and immunosuppressants are of limited efficacy. Positive responses to intravenous immune globulins have recently been reported in a few patients. We used a CYBEX 6000 isokinetic dynamometer to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous immune globulin therapy in a patient with inclusion body myositis. Measurements were done at the flexors and extensors of the knee, at baseline and four and eight months after treatment initiation. A course of intravenous immune globulins (2 g per course) was given every month for five months then every two months. Isokinetic muscle strength measured at an angular speed of 180 degrees/second increased by more than 41% at both knees. As compared with muscle imaging studies (computed tomography, X-ray absorptiometry, ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging), isokinetic strength testing has the advantage of providing data on functional improvements under treatment.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

Hepatitis C and inclusion body myositis.

Hepatitis C is known to be associated with a myriad of autoimmune diseases. Inclusion body myositis is an inflammatory myopathy of unknown etiology. We report the first case of chronic hepatitis C with inclusion body myositis.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Myositis ossificans: report of seven cases in children.

The clinical features of seven children with myositis ossificans (circumscripta and progressiva) and radiographic signs of the disease are described. We recommend systematic radiological examination to seek other skeletal malformations for congenital hallux valgus in young children, for it may be the first sign of a myositis ossificans progressiva. The "zone phenomenon" observed on histology, along with differential diagnosis and evolution, is documented. The necessity of a biopsy and different forms of treatment are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Eosinophilic myositis with eosinophilic cellulitislike skin lesions. Association with increased serum levels of eosinophil cationic protein and interleukin-5.

BACKGROUND: Peripheral and tissue eosinophilia are associated with a group of idiopathic inflammatory syndromes. The idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome represents a spectrum of disorders characterized by prolonged eosinophilia of an undetectable cause and significant organ dysfunction. The pathogenic role of the eosinophil in these conditions is attested to by evidence of eosinophil activation and degranulation at sites of tissue injury. Recently, an overlapping range of idiopathic eosinophilic muscle disease with an overall good prognosis has been described. RESULTS: We describe a patient with a syndrome of idiopathic myositis with eosinophilia and eosinophilic cellulitislike cutaneous manifestations. Histopathological studies of the skin and muscle revealed eosinophilic infiltration. Elevated serum levels of eosinophilic cationic protein and interleukin-5 paralleling disease activity were detected. CONCLUSIONS: This patient demonstrates clinical and laboratory features of eosinophilic myositis with eosinophilic cellulitislike skin lesions. The elevated serum levels of interleukin-5 and eosinophilic cationic protein may be responsible for the eosinophilia and tissue injury, respectively. With the advances in our understanding of cytokine-dependent regulatory mechanisms governing the eosinophil reaction, more targeted ways of manipulating eosinophilia as well as the entry and activation of eosinophils within specific tissues can be expected.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Pyogenic myositis: caused by viridans streptococci in an adult with tetralogy of Fallot.

A 34-year-old man came to this Emergency Room because of fever, swelling and pain in the right thigh. Tetralogy of Fallot with bicuspid pulmonary valve was diagnosed after serial examination, and computed tomography of the right thigh revealed pyogenic myositis. Surgical drainage of the right thigh abscess and a further pus culture yielded viridans streptococci. There has been no record in the medical literature of a pyogenic myositis caused by viridans streptococci in an adult tetralogy of Fallot. This is thus the first case reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Focal myositis in children. Apropos of a case].

An eleven year old boy presented with localized swelling of the left calf which had been developing for more than 5 years. Another smaller mass was found in the pretibial area. There was an invincible equinus deformity of the foot. Surgical biopsies revealed characteristic histological features of focal myositis showing necrotic and regenerating muscle fibers, randomly distributed, with inflammatory infiltration. An intense fibrotic reaction was observed. This constitutes to our knowledge the first reported case of focal myositis in which development of muscle sclerosis was so important that it was necessary to perform tenotomies one year after excision of the principal tumor in order to restore normal gait. A nearly two-years follow-up does not give evidence of recurrent lesion.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1976

Nontraumatic myositis ossificans in healthy individuals.

Myositis ossificans has been subclassified into three categories: traumatic, progressive, or those cases associated with neuromuscular and chronic disease. Four cases of myositis ossificans occurred in otherwise healthy individuals without any history of trauma. These four patients illustrate a fourth and distinct subclassification of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Differential expression of bone and cartilage related genes in fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, myositis ossificans traumatica, and osteogenic sarcoma.

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, myositis ossificans traumatica, and osteogenic sarcoma are representative genetic, traumatic, and neoplastic disorders of osteogenesis, respectively. However, the pathology, pathophysiology, and natural history of the disorders differ substantially. Gene expression related to bone induction was studied in these disorders. Primary cell lines established from lesional tissues derived from each of these disorders expressed different patterns of protooncogenes, bone morphogenetic protein genes, and bone phenotype specific genes. The osteogenic sarcoma cell line expressed the entire repertoire bone morphogenetic proteins 1 to 7, c-fos and c-jun messenger ribonucleic acids. Myositis ossificans traumatica cells expressed phenotype markers similar to those of the osteogenic sarcoma cells, and expressed bone morphogenetic proteins 1, 4, and 6 and c-fos messenger ribonucleic acids, but not c-jun messenger ribonucleic acid. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva early lesional cells demonstrated specific over-expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4 messenger ribonucleic acid. Differential expression of genes related to osteogenesis have important implications for understanding the earliest molecular events in normal and dysregulated osteogenesis in humans.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Post traumatic myositis ossificans of the iliopsoas muscle. Apropos of a case with review of the literature].

A case of traumatic myositis ossificans of the iliopsoas muscle in a 13 year old ballet dancer is presented. A history of multiple minor injuries to the region of the left hip in addition to the radiographic appearance of calcification were indicative of ectopic bone formation. The lesion was explored surgically because of the clinical symptoms of the coexistant femoral hernia as well as to obtain biopsy material to exclude a soft tissue tumor. Histological examination demonstrated the zoning effect of myositis ossificans with patterns varying from a cellular central zone to a peripheral one of fairly well oriented bone. The patient remains symptom-free and no radiographic evidence of recurrence was observed four years postoperatively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Adhesion molecule expression in experimental myositis.

Experimental allergic myositis (EAM) in Lewis rats, induced with partially purified myosin, is regarded as a model of human polymyositis. To clarify the role of adhesion molecules in the pathogenesis of EAM in Lewis rats, we investigated intramysial expressions of the intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, and the serum level of soluble ICAM-1 in EAM rats. All the EAM rat muscles had scattered inflammatory foci, as well as cell infiltration and necrosis, by week 4 after the initial immunization (i.e., day 0 after the last immunization). As compared with the control muscles, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were strongly expressed immunohistochemically in the endothelium of vessels in the endomysium and perimysium, and to lesser extents in the inflammatory infiltrates and on the sarcolemma of nonnecrotic muscle fibers adjacent to the inflammatory infiltrates or invaded muscle fibers. ICAM-1 in the muscle extracts and sera from EAM rats increased on each test day, as compared with extracts from the normal controls. The values peaked on day 0 after the last immunization, then gradually decreased with time. ICAM-1 elevations in the muscle extracts were correlated with the percent of sections that had inflammatory lesions (P = 0.032) and the histological scores (P = 0.005) on day 0, whereas there was no significance on days 3 and 7. These findings suggest that the adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 increase in the early stage of EAM, and function in the initiation of the inflammatory process of myositis.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Relapsing-remitting painful ophthalmoplegia due to orbital myositis.

We describe a woman with a long history of relapsing-remitting painful ophthalmoplegia in a seasonal pattern, due to an isolated orbital myositis that was--at our observation--classified in the context of the so-called SAPHO syndrome. She had been previously treated with corticosteroid therapy, but the association with immunosuppressive drugs produced a more prompt resolution of both the headache and ophthalmoplegia, and of the magnetic resonance imaging pictures of isolated myositis as well.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1991

Streptococcal myositis as a complication of juvenile dermatomyositis.

The infection of muscle is an infrequent condition. We report on a patient with a juvenile form of dermatomyositis who developed infectious myositis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. The inflammatory myopathy probably favoured the colonization of muscle during a bacteremia related to the skin lesions. The main forms of streptococcal myositis, which can currently be differentiated by means of imaging techniques, are discussed in addition to its treatment and prognosis.

Child↗
PubMed2005

An infant with idiopathic orbital myositis poorly responsive to steroid therapy: a case report.

A 9-month-old girl developed subacute limited adduction of the left eye, presenting with blepharoptosis. An orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 2 months after the onset revealed swelling of the left lateral rectus muscle, with increased intensity on T2-weighted images with fat saturation, which was enhanced with gadolinium. She was diagnosed with idiopathic orbital myositis based on history, physical examination, and MRI findings. Swelling of the left lateral rectus muscle was partially reduced by pulse steroid therapy. This is the first reported case of an infant orbital pseudotumor with clinical and MRI findings consistent with subacute orbital myositis. We propose that a fibrotic change of the orbital muscle may occur during a subacute course and would be incompletely responsive to steroid therapy.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed2005

[Relapsing ophthalmoplegia as a presenting symptom of orbital myositis].

INTRODUCTION: We report a case of orbital myositis revealed by a relapsing and initially painless ophthalmoplegia. CASE REPORT: A 50-year-old patient suddenly presented with an isolated palsy of the right lateral rectus muscle which recovered in 3 weeks after a short-lasting corticosteroid therapy but relapsed. Cerebral and orbital imaging were normal. Orbital pain with a fluctuating course occurred 6 months later. Two years after the clinical onset, orbital CT scan revealed a fusiform hypertrophy of the right lateral rectus muscle which was enhanced by contrast. After corticosteroid treatment, the symptoms improved and CT scan became normal. CONCLUSION: Orbital myositis may not be ruled out in case of painless ophthalmoplegia and systematic and repeated imaging is necessary.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1996

Interstitial lung disease with autoantibodies against aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in the absence of clinically apparent myositis.

Autoantibodies against aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (antisynthetases) have been found to be highly specific for polymyositis and dermatomyositis and to correlate strongly with complicating interstitial lung disease (ILD). We describe the clinical presentations and course of 10 patients with ILD and anti-synthetase antibodies in whom underlying myositis was not clinically evident. Anti-PL-12 antibodies (antialanyl-tRNA synthetase) were most common (60%), followed by anti-Jo-1 (antihistidyl-tRNA synthetase) and anti-OJ (anti-isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase) (20% each). All 10 patients had anticytoplasmic antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence on HEp-2 cells. Five of 10 presented with features of connective tissue disease, whereas two presented with acute respiratory failure, two with insidious onset of diminished exercise tolerance, and one with persistent cough. All but one patient received corticosteroids, four were given oral cyclophosphamide, and two azathioprine. ILD resolved or stabilized in five patients (50%), and progressed in four (40%). The "antisynthetase syndrome" may occur in the absence of clinical myositis, and the ILD in these patients is usually responsive to therapy. Antisynthetase testing should be considered in patients with ILD who have a cytoplasmic pattern by antinuclear antibody (ANA) testing on HEp-2 cells, because early recognition and treatment of such patients affects their clinical course.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Experimental autoimmune myositis in the lewis rat: lack of spontaneous T-cell apoptosis and therapeutic response to glucocorticosteroid application.

Recently, it has been shown that inflammatory T-cells in human idiopathic myositis only very rarely undergo spontaneous apoptosis. The animal model of experimental autoimmune myositis (EAM) in the Lewis rat was chosen to investigate whether similar findings hold true in rat muscle and if glucocorticosteroids act by induction of T-cell apoptosis in inflammatory lesions. The rate of spontaneous T-cell apoptosis in rat EAM was low, even in muscle specimens with extensive inflammation. After intravenous glucocorticosteroid pulse therapy we found a dramatic increase in the rate of apoptotic T-cells in the inflamed muscles. Up to 50% of these apoptotic T-cells were CD8 positive apoptotic T-cells. T-cell apoptosis was significantly lower in similarly inflamed muscle specimens of the control group. We suggest that glucocorticosteroids induce apoptosis of endomysial T-cells in human idiopathic polymyositis. Glucocorticosteroid-induced apoptosis may be a candidate mechanism in the termination of inflammatory activity.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Orbital myositis associated with ulcerative colitis].

We report a rare case of a 32-year-old Caucasian man who presented with a 2-month history of progressive proptosis in his left eye with no visual impairment nor diplopia. He had suffered from ulcerative colitis for 3 years before presentation. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans demonstrated mild proptosis and isolated enlargement of the left superior rectus muscle. Laboratory examination results showed no evidence of other ocular or systemic disease. He was treated with a short course of systemic steroids. His intestinal and eye conditions quickly improved over the following weeks. After a 1-year follow up, the orbital myositis remains unchanged and the digestive condition is satisfactory with a long-term mesalazine therapy. To our knowledge fewer than 10 cases of orbital myositis associated with ulcerative colitis have been reported in the literature. We present and discuss a new case with a concomitant evolution between these two disorders.

Adult↗