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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Roentgenographic features of mushroom (Amanita) poisoning.

The clinical and roentgenographic features of six cases of Amanita mushroom poisoning were reviewed. The roentgenographic manifestations included adynamic ileus (three patients) and small, irregularly shaped kidneys secondary to the healing process of acute tubular necrosis (one patient). Intestinal pseudo-obstruction can result from many medical problems and mushroom poisoning should be considered in its differential diagnosis.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed2001

Mushroom bodies and post-mating behaviors of Drosophila melanogaster females.

After mating, Drosophila melanogaster females lay substantially more eggs and mate rarely. Central to these changes is Sex peptide (SP), a male peptide transferred into the female during copulation. Injected into virgins, SP induces the same post mating response as observed after mating. In this study we investigated the role of the mushroom body (MB) in the SP response system. The SP response of females with either chemically ablated or mutant MBs was analyzed. After injection of SP, females with chemically ablated MBs reduce their receptivity and increase their ovulation and oviposition to the level of females with intact MBs. Virgin females with ablated MBs, however, show a constitutively elevated oviposition rate. Hence in untreated females, MBs are not implicated in the SP-induced reduction of receptivity and increase of ovulation. However, they depress the oviposition rate of virgins. Thus, SP has two functions for oviposition: it de-represses the MB-dependent block on the egg laying activity of virgins and additionally stimulates oviposition. SP-injected mushroom body miniature (mbm) females lay fewer eggs, ovulate less frequently, and mate more often than wild-type females. A model of the putative role of MBs and the gene product of mbm in SP-induced oviposition is presented.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Psilocybin mushroom (Psilocybe semilanceata) intoxication with myocardial infarction.

CASE REPORT: Intentional intoxication with natural hallucinogenic substances such as hallucinogenic mushrooms continues to be a major problem in the US and Europe, particularly in the harbor complex of northwest Poland (Pomerania). A case is described of Psilocybe intoxication in an 18-year-old man resulting in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, arrhythmia, and myocardial infarction. The indole concentrations of hallucinogenic mushrooms may predict the risk for adverse central nervous system and cardiac toxicity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Establishment of animal model for elucidating the mechanism of intoxication by the poisonous mushroom Clitocybe acromelalga].

Dietary intake of a poisonous mushroom, Clitocybe acromelalga, causes acromelalgia. The symptom continues for over a month. Some papers reported that treatment with nicotinic acid is effective. We have established an animal model to elucidate the mechanism of toxicity of the poisonous mushroom Clitocybe acromelalga. Diet containing Clitocybe acromelalga was fed to niacin-deficient rats for 24 hours (designated as day 0). The food intake decreased to about one-half compared with that of day before, and body weight loss was noted. Although the diet was returned to the control diet on day 1, the food intake did not recover until day 7, and body weight gain was not seen until day 6. A severe symptom resembling acromelalgia in humans started to appear on day 3. This is the first report of an animal model for the intoxication of Clitocybe acromelalga in humans. Since no similar symptom resembling human intoxication was seen in a previous rodent study, the niacin-free/tryptophan-limited diet used in the present study may have contributed to the result.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Analysis of pesticides including chlorine in welsh onions and mushrooms using gas chromatograph with an atomic emission detector (GC-AED)].

An analytical method for the determination of 32 kinds of pesticide residues in onions, Welsh onions and mushrooms using gas chromatograph with an atomic emission detector (GC-AED) was developed. The pesticides were extracted with acetone-n-hexane (2:3) mixture. The crude extract was partitioned between 5% sodium chloride and ethyl acetate-n-hexane (1:4) mixture. The extract was passed through a Florisil mini-column for cleanup with 10 mL of acetone-n-hexane (1:9) mixture. Although the sensitivity of GC-AED was inferior to that of GC-ECD, GC-AED has a superior element-selectivity. Therefore pesticide residues in foods could be analyzed more exactly by using GC-AED. Thirty-two pesticides including chlorine in onion, Welsh onion and shiitake mushroom were detected without interference. Recoveries of these pesticides from samples determined by GC-AED were 64-114%, except for a few pesticides.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed2001

Lethal ingestion of stored Amanita phalloides mushrooms.

We report the first case of a lethal Amanita phalloides intoxication from stored mushrooms. After picking the mushrooms were kept in a freezer for 7-8 months. This case is in accordance with the well-known stability of the amatoxins and demonstrates the possibility of A. phalloides poisoning at any time of year.

Amanita↗
PubMed1999

Poisoning by Amanita phalloides ("deathcap") mushrooms in the Australian Capital Territory.

Amanita phalloides ("deathcap") mushrooms are widespread in south-eastern Australia. Seven patients presented to hospital in the Australian Capital Territory with poisoning by this mushroom between 1988 and 1998. Three developed hepatoxicity and one died. Because A. phalloides is becoming more widespread, increased community and medical awareness is needed to reduce the frequency and morbidity of poisoning.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Mushroom poisoning: an indication for liver transplantation.

There are numerous causes of fulminant hepatic failure including acetaminophen, viral etiologies, acute fatty liver of pregnancy, ischemic hepatitis, and acute Budd-Chiari syndrome. One of the rare causes of fulminant hepatic failure is toxic mushroom poisoning. This article describes one case in which ingestion of a toxic mushroom, Amanita phalloides, caused a patient severe liver damage ultimately requiring organ transplantation. Early identification of live dysfunction and referral to a liver transplant center for evaluation may be critical to save such a patient's life.

Amanita↗
PubMed1999

[Mushrooms, poisoning and treatment].

How to avoid poisoning due to consumption of the wrong type of mushrooms is the first rule of thumb which mushroom gatherers and health professionals in charge of advising the public about health cares need bear in mind. The objective of this article is to provide a wide spread of information to all interested people and to health professionals so that they know how to act when poisoning occurs, thus helping to prevent and reduce the number of deaths, the secondary effects and the complications caused by different poisons and their accompanying syndromes.

Agaricales↗
PubMed2000

Mushroom toxicity in a horse with meningioangiomatosis.

We describe a fatal case of mushroom intoxication in an 18-y-o horse presumably due to Amanita verna. Horses are normally regarded as too fastidious to eat the ill-flavored toadstools. In this case, the horse had a rare benign brain tumor, meningioangiomatosis, which may have altered the horse's normal eating behavior resulting in consumption of the mushrooms.

Amanita↗
PubMed2000

Experimental intoxication by the mushroom Ramaria flavo-brunnescens in sheep.

Ramaria flavo-brunnescens collected in autumn from 1990 to 1994 was orally administered to 11 sheep. These animals were dosed with 100-430 g/kg bw administered over 3-13 d. Six sheep showed clinical signs and 4 of them died. The mininum toxic dose was of 150 g/kg bw. Clinical signs were anorexia, hyperthermia, dyspnea, polyuria, ataxy, muscle tremors and seizures. The eyes had hyperemia of the sclera and, in some cases, hemorrhages of the anterior chamber or corneal opacity. Sheep dosed with higher doses had ulcerations of the tongue and necrotic lesions in the hooves. The main histologic lesions of the feet and tongue were miopachynsis and endotelial degeneration followed by degeneration, necrosis and ulceration of the epithelium. Hemorrhages of the anterior chamber, and severe congestion and hemorrhages of the iris, ciliary body and process were observed in the eyes. Congestion and perivascular hemorrhages occurred in the central nervous system. The similarity of clinical signs and pathologic lesions induced by R flavo-brunnescens and those caused by ergotism in cattle and sheep suggests the presence ofa vasoactive constrictive substance in the mushroom. Fresh R flavo-brunnescens dosed in autumn 1993 was not toxic at doses of 200-400 g/kg demonstrating variations in the toxicity of the mushroom from year to year.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mushroom poisoning in an autoimmune hepatitis patient].

Mushroom poisoning is responsible for initiation of severe life threatening syndromes, especially hepatic cytolysis. We are describing a case in which the helvelian syndrome induced by mushroom meal was masking the preexistent autoimmune hepatitis type 1. The course of disease under corticoids was satisfactory after one month of surveillance.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Successful treatment in a case of podostroma cornu-damae poisoning, a deadly poisonous mushroom].

UNLABELLED: In this case study, a 62-year-old man ate a piece of of Podostroma cornu-damae, poisonous mushroom, by mistake and suffered from severe diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration. The next day he received about 9 liters of solution intravenously over a 12 hour period at his neighboring hospital. The mushroom was identified as Podostroma cornu-damae and he was transported to our hospital on the same day. When he arrived, hypotension due to high capillary permeability accompanied by protein leakage, Leukocytosis, and faint erythema on the body were observed. He was immediately treated by continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF) and large quantities of solution were given while monitoring the patient's pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and cardiac output. On the seventh day, Leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia became severe and hemophagocytosis was observed. Plasma exchange (PE) and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) were effectively used to treat these hematological disorders. In addition, hypouricemia was also observed, severe depilation occurred, and the skin lesions gradually changed to lameller desquamation. The patient needed over 30 days to recover from leukocytopenia. CONCLUSION: It is important to infuse large quantities of solution in the initial treatment of Podostroma cornu-damae poisoning, and blood purification therapy (CHDF and PE) may be highly recommended.

Fluid Therapy↗
PubMed1992

[The diagnostic significance of clinico-laboratory indices in mushroom poisoning].

Data are reported on the observation and treatment of 111 patients with mushroom poisoning. In 36% the poisoning was of severe and average severe degrees. Nine patients (8.9%) died. The main cause of death was hepatic failure. Attention is paid to the prognostic significance of low values of the prothrombin index for determination of the severity grade of liver involvement and outcome of the disease as well as incongruity in several cases between the blood bilirubin level, transaminases and severity of the patients' condition. It is emphasized that mushroom poisoning may be characterized by polyorganic insufficiency but in the absolute majority of cases hyperazotemia may have a productive and not a retention character and is not related to renal function decompensation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Mushroom poisoning: the role of orthotopic liver transplantation.

Mushroom poisoning, mycetismus, is a well-recognized cause of fulminant hepatic failure in Western Europe and is increasingly seen in the United States. We present a case of fulminant hepatic failure secondary to mushroom poisoning treated successfully with an orthotopic liver transplant.

Female↗
PubMed2004

Cap mushroom poisonings.

This paper presents species of fungi of high toxicity. Their consumption might have serious consequences for health and in many cases it might lead to death. Toxic compounds present in fungi have also been characterised, mechanisms of their toxic activity have been presented and clinical symptoms of poisoning have been described. Hallucinogenic mushrooms have also been mentioned as they have recently become a serious problem: many people use them to intoxicate themselves. There are also species of mushrooms that can be consumed under certain conditions since they can occasionally trigger off serious disturbances for the functioning of organisms.

Amanita↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mushroom poisoning with a long period of development].

A group of 87 patients with the signs of poisoning with mushrooms with along period of incubation (t = 12.4 +/- 6.2 h) has been reported. Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea dominate in the clinical picture in the first phase and hepatic and/or renal insufficiency in the second phase. Forty-one patients (47.1%) had "only" clinical symptoms without severe parenchymatous impairments. Forty-six (54.9%) had evidence of a hepatic lesion and 8 patients (10.8%) had renal function impaired, 6 of which needed hemodialysis. There was a significant correlation between elevation of serum transaminases and prolongation of prothrombin complex, resulting from the decreased synthetic liver function (SGPT1/PV1r = -0.424, p = 0.00; SGOT1/PV1r = -0.448, p = 0.000) during the first days after poisoning. Hepatic and renal damage was not identical in all the cases, and there was no correlation between the elevation of serum transaminases and retention of nitrogen substances. When analysing the effect of therapy on elevation of serum transaminases and prolongation of prothrombin complex, a significant difference between elevation of serum transaminases and prolongation of prothrombin time was found in patients on competitive inhibition with penicillin or silibinin, as compared to the patients only on plasmapheresis (p = 0.004 for SGOT, p = 0.000 for SGPT). These data unquestionably suggest the efficacy of competitive inhibition in the treatment of poisoning with mushrooms of a long period of incubation. In favour of this therapy also speaks the group of seriously ill patients who were simultaneously on plasmapheresis and competitive inhibition and who had better improvement than those "only" on plasmapheresis (p = 0.004 for SGOT).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Female↗