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PubMed1987

Radical therapy?

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Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1999

Comparative in vivo expression of beta(+)-thalassemia alleles.

Double heterozygotes who inherit one abnormal though stable beta-globin variant in association with a molecularly identified beta(+)-thalassaemia allele provide unique opportunities to quantify the in vivo expression of particular beta(+)-thalassemia alleles. The globin products of the two alleles can be separated, quantified and the output of the beta(+)-thalassaemia allele expressed as the MCH-beta(A) in pg beta(A)-globin/beta(+)-thalassemia allele/RBC = 0.5 MCH x Hb A%. In this communication we provide new quantitative data on the expression of five mutations as follows: the beta(+)-87 (C-->G) = 3.8 pg beta(A)-globin/beta(+)-thalassemia allele/RBC (n = 1); the beta(+) IVS-I-1 (G-->A) = 0.2 pg beta(A)-globin/beta(+)-thalassemia allele/RBC (n = 1); the beta(+) IVS-I-6 (T-->C) = 2.9 pg beta(A)-globin/beta(+)-thalassemia allele/RBC (n = 7); the beta(+) IVS-I-110 (G-->A) = 1.1 pg beta(A)-globin/beta(+)-thalassemia allele/RBC (n = 13), and the beta(+) IVS-II-745 (C-->G) = 1.74 pg beta(A)-globin/beta(+)-thalassemia allele/RBC (n = 2). The values obtained are compared with those of other beta(+)-thalassemia alleles from the literature. It can be seen that the MCH-beta(A) value may be a correct index of thalassemia severity useful for the correlation of genotype with phenotype, and for understanding the effects of mutations in beta-globin genes on pathophysiologically meaningful beta-globin gene expression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

A strict test of the phonological loop hypothesis with Libyan data.

In Arabic, there are two ways, differing in length, of pronouncing each digit. This feature of word pairs that are conceptually identical but of different length allows for a stricter test of the phonological loop hypothesis than has been reported previously. Libyan schoolchildren, both boys and girls, of two grades took part in a quasi-experimental study in which shorter and longer digits and shorter and longer words were presented in recall and pronunciation tasks. The results confirmed the validity of the phonological loop model in that memory span was longer for shorter stimuli. Analysis of the data with structural equation modeling showed that only 17% of the individual-level variation in memory span could be explained by pronunciation speed. In an analysis of covariance, it was determined that pronunciation speed could account for a substantial proportion of the variation found across age (8-year-olds vs. 10-year-olds), stimulus modality (digits vs. words), and stimulus length (short vs. long), but not for gender differences.

Child↗
PubMed1998

Comparison of the incidence of colour blindness between sections of Libyan and Indian populations.

Incidence of Red-Green colour blindness was studied in a Libyan population and was then compared with the same in two samples of Indian population. The incidence of the Red-Green colour defect was found to be 2.209% amongst the males and 0.0% amongst the females in the Libyan study. However, the incidence was only 1.841% amongst the ethnic Libyan males. This incidence was comparable with those reported from other African countries like Congo and Uganda. The incidence of Red-Green colour defect amongst the Indian males was found to be 2.295% while it was 0.840% amongst the Indian females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

The role of the fissure morphology in caries prevalence of the first permanent molar in Libyan children.

Dental caries is one of the commonest of all dental diseases and is the main cause of loss of teeth in young people. It is a common belief that the high caries susceptibility of occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth is directly related to the morphology of the pits and fissures. Occlusal fissures are deep invaginations of enamel, they can be classified into V-type: Wide at the top and gradually narrowing towards the bottom U-type almost the same width from top to bottom. I-type an extremely narrow slit IK-type extremely narrow slit associated with large space at the bottom Y-type wide at the top and suddenly narrowing towards the bottom.

Child↗
PubMed1999

Epidemiological and clinical patterns of diabetes mellitus in Benghazi, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya.

The clinical characteristics and prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) diagnosed in Benghazi are reported. Data were based on the analysis of records for the period 1981 to 1990. A total of 8922 NIDDM cases (4081 males, 4841 females) were registered during the study period. The overall prevalence rate of NIDDM was 0.19%; it was significantly higher in females (0.21%) than males (0.17%) (P < 0.01). The prevalence rate in patients aged > or = 20 years was 3.8% and was significantly higher in females (4.7%) than in males (2.9%) (P < 0.01). Prevalence rates increased with each higher age group and peaked in the 50-54 years age group. Prevalence of hypertension was 22.5% and prevalence of overweight was 59.4%. The most common complications of diabetes were neuropathy (45.7%), retinopathy (30.5%) and nephropathy (25.2%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica from cases of acute appendicitis and ice-cream.

Seventy (70) appendiceal specimens and 80 ice-cream samples were analysed to detect Yersinia enterocolitica using three different media. Both Y. enterocolitica and Citrobacter freundii were recovered in appendiceal specimens (17.1% and 8.6%) and ice-cream (26.25% and 18.75%) respectively. Thioglycollate medium was more selective and productive in isolating Yersinia. Y. enterocolitica was the major causative agent of acute appendicitis (11/25, 44%). It was sensitive to chloramphenicol, gentamicin, tetracycline and trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1999

Role of health education programmes within the Libyan community.

The effectiveness of existing Libyan health education programmes was evaluated in order to assess how the service may be improved. A representative sample of the general public completed a questionnaire on health knowledge, healthy behaviours and the impact of various health education media. The 872 participants ranked health education media by effectiveness, with television ranked highest and booklets and leaflets lowest. We recommend reorganization of the use of different health education media in future planning.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Iron status of Libyan infants with urinary tract infection.

Serum iron, serum total iron binding capacity and tranferrin saturation levels were measured in 45 infants, of whom 19 had urinary tract infections confirmed by positive suprapubic aspiration. The control group comprised 26 healthy infants with negative results. Mean serum iron and transferrin saturation values were significantly lower in infants with urinary tract infection compared with the control group (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001 respectively), especially if the cultured organism was Escherichia coli (P < 0.01, P < 0.02). Total iron binding capacity was within the normal range. We conclude that iron deficiency is not a major factor in the etiopathogenesis of urinary tract infection in Libyan infants.

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency↗
PubMed1999

Bronchoconstrictor effect of exercise in healthy Libyan children in Tripoli.

To study the effects of short-term exercise on pulse rate and peak expiratory flow rate in healthy Libyan schoolchildren, 650 healthy students (330 boys, 320 girls) aged 4.5 years to 14.9 years were selected from four randomly chosen Tripoli primary schools. Pulse rate and peak expiratory flow rate were measured at rest in standing position and immediately after rhythmic short-term exercise. Exercise markedly increased pulse rate (mean differences being significantly higher in girls than boys) and markedly reduced peak expiratory flow rate (mean difference being significantly higher in boys than girls). We found 10% of the children had a reduction in peak expiratory flow rate > or = 15% from the baseline.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Peak expiratory flow rate nomogram in Libyan schoolchildren.

The study aimed to develop a peak expiratory flow rate nomogram for Libyan children. Of 900 children randomly selected from four Tripoli primary schools, 670 (330 girls and 340 boys) with age range 4.5-14.9 years, fulfilled the selection criteria. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was recorded in a standing position using a mini-Wright peak flow meter. Anthropometric measurements, weight, height, head circumference and mid-upper-arm circumference were recorded and surface area and body mass index were calculated. Our findings showed PEFR to be significantly related to height (r = 0.74), age (r = 0.70), surface area (r = 0.64) and weight (r = 0.62): P < 0.001. The PEFR nomogram in Libyan children differed from the British standard, which highlights the need for a local reference nomogram.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B virus markers among hospital health care workers. Analysis of certain potential risk factors.

OBJECTIVES: To determine, the prevalence of hepatitis B virus markers among hospital health care workers, to determine the influence of some risk factors on such prevalence and to outline the specific policies to tackle such problems among hospital health care workers. METHODS: Hepatitis B virus markers including hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-hepatitis B surface antigen and anti-hepatitis B core antigen were determined from sera samples collected from 459 hospital health care workers at different hospital departments. The prevalence of hepatitis B virus among these employees was correlated by a variety of risk factors such as gender, age, blood transfusion, and needle-stick and sharps injuries, and previous history of jaundice using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Of the hospital health care workers studied 143 (31%) of employees showed evidence of previous hepatitis B virus infection, including 17 (4%) carriers. The highest incidence was among those who were working at infectious diseases departments where 22 (43%) employees were found to be seropositive, followed by 26 (41%) employees from surgical departments. The risk factors, which were found to influence seropositivity, include age over 40 years old, needle-stick and sharps injuries and previous blood transfusion. Other factors such as gender, and previous history of jaundice were statistically insignificant. CONCLUSION: The hepatitis B virus infection was high among the hospital health care workers studied. This was influenced by certain potential occupational risk factors. As there is emerging evidence that vaccination among health care workers was infective. Specific measures should be implemented to reduce such risk. These may include strict policies on sharps and considering any blood or other body fluids being a potential risk. Education, clinical advice and health insurance should be available for health care workers who are at a higher risk of contracting hepatitis B virus infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Reasons for tooth extraction among patients in Sebha, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya: a pilot study.

We investigated the causes of tooth extraction among patients in Sebha in southern Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. A total of 600 patients who had undergone tooth extraction were surveyed. We found more males (68%) than females had had teeth extracted and also patients with no education (53%). Caries and periodontal disease were the main causes of tooth extraction. For those patients who opted for tooth extraction over other treatment, they mostly did so for financial reasons. There was generally poor oral hygiene and oral knowledge, which should be tackled.

Adolescent↗