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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

An assessment of dietary folic acid levels during gestation and lactation on reproductive and lactational performance of sows: a cooperative study. S-145 Committee on Nutritional Systems for Swine to Increase Reproductive Efficiency.

Crossbred female swine (n = 393) were used in a multiparity study at five experiment stations to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of folic acid (FA) on serum folates status and reproductive performance. The dietary treatments were a corn-soybean meal basal diet (calculated FA, .34 ppm) supplemented with 0, 1, 2, or 4 ppm FA. Experimental diets were fed continuously from a minimum of 21 d before first mating throughout the entire study. At one station, blood samples for radioimmunoassay determination of serum folates concentration were collected by vena cava puncture at mating, d 55 of gestation, d 110 of gestation, and at weaning. Stage of reproduction and dietary FA supplementation affected (P < .005) serum folates concentrations. Serum folates declined from mating to d 55, remained low at d 110, and returned to higher levels at weaning. Linear increases (P < .001) in serum folates with increasing level of dietary FA were observed at each reproductive stage. Over the course of the study, reproductive performance criteria including total pigs born, live pigs at birth and d 21, and individual pig and litter weight at birth and d 21 were not affected (P > .10) by inclusion of FA in the diet. The number of days postweaning to estrus also was not affected by FA treatment. Under the conditions of this experiment, increasing level of FA in the diet had a pronounced effect in attenuating decreased serum folates concentration during gestation but was without benefit to reproductive performance.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1986

Prepartum grain feeding and subsequent lactation forage program effects on performance of dairy cows in early lactation.

One hundred fifty-six Holstein cows were balanced prior to drying off to one of three diets offered during the dry period (dry matter basis): A) forage only (50% corn silage:50% alfalfa silage), B) forage as A plus a standard dairy grain mix (1.73% calcium), and C) same as B except a low calcium grain mix (.35% calcium). Grain feeding started 3 wk prepartum. Cows from each dry treatment were assigned to one of two treatments during the first 21 d postpartum: total mixed ration (dry matter basis); 50% grain:50% corn silage; or 50% grain:25% corn silage:25% alfalfa silage. Dry period feeding program had no effect on postpartum dry matter intake, milk yield, or composition. Prepartum grain feeding resulted in increased body weight gain during the last 3 wk of the dry period. Feeding corn silage postpartum as the sole forage resulted in higher dry matter intakes (15.0 vs. 14.1 kg/d), milk production (31.3 vs. 29.7 kg/d), and less body weight loss (36 vs. 58 kg) during the first 21 d postpartum than feeding a 50% corn silage:50% alfalfa silage mixture. However, differences varied depending on dry cow feeding program. All dry cow treatments resulted in a high incidence of milk fever (11.5, 11.5, and 15.5% for A, B, and C, respectively). Dry cow rations containing as little as 50% alfalfa silage appear to predispose cows to increased incidence of milk fever.

Animal Feed↗