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PubMed1992

Toxicity of dimethoate on urinary hydroxyproline in rats.

The effect of the administration of three different concentrations (2.25, 1.13 and 0.56 mg/100 g body weight) of dimethoate on the urinary excretion of total, non dialysable and free hydroxyproline were studied in female albino rats. Compared to controls, the urine contents were significantly lower in higher concentration (2.25 mg/100 g body weight) of dimethoate treated rats. The results clearly indicate that the urine contents were not much affected in lower concentration (0.56 mg/100 g body weight) of dimethoate treated rats compared to the other concentrations (1.13 and 0.56 mg/100 g body weight) of dimethoate treated rats.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Effect of mercuric chloride on urinary excretion of free hydroxyproline.

BACKGROUND: The present study was undertaken to study the effect of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) on the collagen metabolism in rats and the protective effect of 2, 3-dimercapto-1-propane sulfonic acid (DMPS) in HgCl2-treated rats. MATERIAL/METHODS: The experimental groups studied were (i) a control group (ii) rats injected with a single intraperitoneal (ip) dose of 2 mg of HgCl2/kg body weight (HgCl2-treated group, n=10 rats), (iii) Rats injected with a single dose (ip) of 100 mg of DMPS/kg body weight (DMPS group, n=10 rats), (iv) rats injected with a single dose (ip) of 100 mg of DMPS/kg body weight followed by a single dose (ip) of 2 mg of HgCl2/kg body weight 1 hour after a 100-mg DMPS injection (DMPS + HgCl2-treated group, n=10 rats). Half of the rats from each group were sacrificed after 24 hours and the other half after 48 hours of treatment. RESULTS: A dose of 2.0 mg HgCl2/kg body weight caused an impairment of glomerular function, which was reflected by significant increases in the levels of serum creatinine and serum urea nitrogen in HgCl2-treated rats compared with control rats. Administration of 2.0 mg of HgCl2/kg body weight significantly increased urinary excretion of free hydroxyproline in HgCI2-treated rats compared with the control rats, reflecting increased collagen breakdown. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of DMPS one hour before HgCl2 treatment caused the restoration of altered parameters to near normal levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The determination of hydroxyproline in daily urine].

Daily urine hydroxyproline was measured using Stegemann's modified technique. The modified procedure makes use of some elements of the technique developed by Firschein et al. (hydrolysis, filtration, and neutralization of filtrate). The suggested modification is highly sensitive and well reproducible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Bone collagen, mineral and trace element composition, histomorphometry and urinary hydroxyproline excretion in chronically-treated alcohol-fed rats.

(1) We examined the possibility that enhanced fragility of the bony skeleton in alcohol abusers may be a consequence of a reduction in collagen composition. Male rats were fed a liquid diet containing 36% of total calories as ethanol; controls were pair-fed iso-caloric glucose. At 3, 7 and 14 days of treatment, collagen contents of tibia were unaltered, but small and significant reductions (15-30%) were observed at 28 and 42 days of treatment. Urinary hydroxyproline excretion was increased by 40-60% at 42 days of treatment, suggesting enhanced collagen degradation. (2) Bones of rats treated with ethanol for 42 days had significantly reduced mineral content (approximately 20%) with accompanying reductions in phosphate, calcium, copper and magnesium, but not sodium or potassium. Water content was unaltered, but tibial zinc and iron were increased by approximately 15%. (3) Histomorphometric analysis of bones taken at 42 days showed significant reductions in cortical bone thickness of lower tibia (by 28%). The thickness of the upper cortices and cancellous bone of the tibia was unaffected. Reductions in trabecular bone volume (approx. 25%) did not achieve statistical significance. (4) These observations are consistent with the known enhanced fragility of bones in alcoholic rats. The regional susceptibility of the tibia may be related to reduced load bearing as a result of muscle atrophy.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1991

Urinary hydroxyproline: relationship to growth, bone mineral content, and serum alkaline phosphatase level in premature infants.

There is little information on urinary hydroxyproline (UHP) excretion in premature infants. We hypothesized that UHP excretion would positively correlate with growth in premature infants, and that there would be correlations between UHP excretion and serum alkaline phosphatase concentration as well as bone mineral content (BMC). Twenty-six premature infants (birth weight, less than 1,300 g; gestational age, less than or equal to 32 weeks) received one of four oral feedings. Seven received mother's own milk (HM), and eight received mothers own milk fortified with 0.85 g/dl of bovine whey, 90 mg/dl of Ca, and 45 mg/dl of P. Six and five infants received Similac, 20 cal/oz (SIM) and Similac Special Care, 20 cal/oz, respectively. Measurements of UHP, serum alkaline phosphatase, BMC (photon absorptiometry), and growth were made during the 1st 7 weeks of life. The lowest UHP excretion was in the HM group. For all infants, there was a significant correlation between UHP excretion (mg/day) and absolute weight (r = 0.64, p less than 0.001), as well as rate of weight gain (r = 0.50, p less than 0.01). The UHP excretion (milligrams per day) also correlated with absolute length (r = 0.41, p less than 0.01) and rate of gain in length (centimeters per week) (r = 0.70, p less than 0.001). The UHP excretion did not correlate significantly with BMC or serum alkaline phosphatase concentration. We conclude that UHP excretion is increased in the growing premature infant compared to older infants and adults and is a good marker for somatic growth in this population.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

Simple, optimized liquid-chromatographic method for measuring total hydroxyproline in urine evaluated.

We have optimized a method for measuring total hydroxyproline (HYP) in urine by HPLC after release from urinary peptides by solid-phase hydrolysis on Dowex 50W x 8 ion-exchange resin. The HYP was derivatized with 4-chlor-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole, and excess reagent was removed with the use of a 100-mg C18 Bond-Elut cartridge. The HYP derivative was separated isocratically at 30 degrees C on a 250 x 4.6 mm reversed-phase column containing 5-microns particles of Spherisorb S5 ODS-2, with S-carboxymethylcysteine as internal standard. Total assay time was 14 min. The standard curve for the method was linear from the detection limit for HYP, 3.6 mumol/L, to 10 mmol/L. The between-batch CV was less than 5.1% and the mean analytical recovery of HYP was 95% +/- 1.4%. Comparison with a commercially available colorimetric method showed good correlation: y = 1.158x + 19.76 mumol/L (Syx = 74, n = 120), but HPLC results were 15% higher, probably from incomplete hydrolysis with the colorimetric method. This method offers a considerable improvement in assay time, specificity, sensitivity, precision, and cost compared with the colorimetric method.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1991

[A study of the relationship of total urinary hydroxyproline: creatinine ratio to body height].

The body heights of 226 pupils (8-12 year old) in primary schools were measured and it was found that, the height increase was greater in spring and summer than in autumn and winter. But there was no such difference among girls of 11 & 12 yrs old. Urines were collected from them in Oct. Nov. Dec. 1983 and Mar. Apr. May. 1984 and her urinary total hydroxyproline (THP) : Creatinine (Cr) Ratios (THP/Cr) were determined and found that the Mar-May ratio was higher than the Oct-Dec ratio, which was consistent with that of height of the coefficients of correlation between THP/Cr and increase of height 2/3 from boys of 10-12 years old, and 1/2 of the coefficients of correlation from a group of 8-9 years old girls were significant. 32 correlations from girls of 10-12 yrs of age were significant or highly significant (P less than 0.01 or less than 0.05) of 12 months or 20 months with the THP/Cr. THP/Cr is therefore a sensitive index of recent height growth (1-2 yrs) during the adolescent period.

Body Height↗
PubMed1990

[NO2 exposure and hydroxyproline excretion].

The determination of hydroxyproline (HOP) and of the HOP-creatinine ratio in urine, respectively, is according to the literature probably a parameter of NO2-caused collagen damage of the respiratory organs and therefore a parameter which could be used for biological monitoring of indoor exposures. Own studies on children from gas or electrical house keeping presented no significant differences. Various interpretations are discussed, further investigations seem to be indicated.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1990

[Hydroxyproline excretion in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis].

In the morning urine of 24 patients with psoriasis and that of 24 patients with psoriatic arthritis, we determined the excretion of hydroxyproline (mg HP/mumol crea), after preceding diet low in collagen. Surprisingly, psoriatic patients without articular involvement showed a significantly higher excretion of HP than those with psoriatic arthritis. Further differentiation revealed that there were no clear-cut correlations between the amount of HP excretion and the activity of the articular process; we proved, however, that the amount of HP excretion was definitely related to the activity of the skin eruptions in both groups of patients. We discuss whether an osteopathy pathogenetically associated with the skin disease (irrespective of synovitis in psoriatic arthritis) may possibly be responsible for these results.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The determination of the RBE of neutrons based on the hydroxyproline concentration in the lung tissue of irradiated piglets].

To test the radiogenic reaction of normal lung tissue experiments were done in 99 young pigs altogether. The radiation field included the total right lobe of the lung, 5 fractions of photons or neutrons (mean energy 6.2 MeV) were applied in a total treatment of 5 or 35 days. After killing the animals and taking the lungs the examination of tissue samples and others has been done for contents of hydroxyproline (HP) that has been used to register radiogenic injuries where the relation of irradiated and non-irradiated half of the same animal was estimated as measuring value. Above a limit of 1.13 for the HP-quotient (estimated in non-irradiated controls) there was a significant correlation with dose. Between the results of HP-quotients and histopathological findings a very good correlation was found. Calculation of RBE was done from relation of the dose values of photons and neutrons on base of the same level of injuries. In the tested total dose limit (photons: 14.25-38 Gy, neutrons 3.0-8.5 Gy) RBE-values of 3.8-4.5 were reached that correlates well with other tested criteria of the study in young pigs.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Urinary hydroxyproline in infants with and without fractures/rickets.

Molar ratios of peptide-bound and free hydroxyproline:creatinine (OHPr:Cr) in urine were measured at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of age in two groups of very-low-birthweight (VLBW less than or equal to 1500 g) infants. Group A (15 infants) had radiographically confirmed fractures and (or) rickets (F/R); Group B (17 infants) did not. The urinary peptide-bound OHPr:Cr ratio varied widely within groups and was greatest at three months in both groups: A = 0.81 +/- 0.45 and B = 0.55 +/- 0.32 (mean +/- SD). The ratio decreased with increasing postnatal age for each group but was not statistically different between groups throughout the study. The urinary free OHPr:Cr ratio also was greatest at age three months (A = 0.32 +/- 0.15 and B = 0.53 +/- 0.46), rapidly decreasing afterwards, and was not statistically different between groups throughout the study. We conclude that, in VLBW infants, bone turnover as indicated by the urinary peptide-bound OHPr:Cr ratio is highest during early infancy; however, the wide range of values for this ratio suggests that its use alone is not sufficient for detection of F/R in VLBW infants. The rapid decrease in free OHPr:Cr ratio is presumably related to the maturation of renal tubular function.

Body Height↗
PubMed1975

Urinary excretion of hydroxyprolines in man under the influence of cold.

Urinary hydroxyproline excretion was studied in human subjects exposed to cold stress and was related to urine flow and tubular reabsorption of calcium and phosphate. The results indicate the occurrence of a calcium release from the bones, which does not seem to be caused by changed activity or immobilization. The cold-induced changes--calcium excretion, dehydration, and demineralization - are the same as those reported under space-flight conditions. Furthermore, it has also been possible to induce a similar response with psychological stress agents. These findings, together with recent observations on renal stone formation and hyperparathyrodism, indicate that different types of stress might have a direct influence on calcium homeostasis, possibly mediated by the adrenergic nervous system.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A review of urinary hydroxyproline as a biochemical marker on health effects of smoking and air pollution with nitrogen dioxide.

A series of epidemiologic studies on the health effects caused by smoking and air pollution with NO2 were carried out. Urinary hydroxyproline (HOP) which is excreted into the urine by catabolism of lung collagen was used as a biochemical marker. Urinary HOP of smokers increased dose-dependently with increasing numbers of cigarettes smoked and this result was accepted under blind conditions. Urinary HOP of nonsmokers also increased with increasing the amounts of involuntary smoking caused by smokers in their families although the increases in HOP by passive smoking were less than those by active smoking. Health effects caused by indoor air pollution with NO2 in winter and automobile exhaust in summer were also demonstrated using urinary HOP. The effects of cessation of smoking were followed up for 14 weeks by the decrease in urinary HOP. In practice, the HOP to creatinine ratio (HOP ratio) in random urine samples was used as representative of the 24-hour urine samples. Some confounding factors for urinary HOP were taken into consideration in these studies.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1986

[The value of the free hydroxyproline and the N-acetyl-beta- glucosaminidase for the observation of the course of malignant tumors].

In 172 patients with various malign tumours the free hydroxyprolin (HP) and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (beta-NAG) in the serum were determined. The established values were analysed according to the kind of tumour, spread of tumour, behaviour of growth and histological classification and statistically evaluated. In mamma carcinoma progressively metastasing into bones HP is significantly increased in its mean value. 71.4 per cent of the patients have pathological values. The parameter for bone-marrow diagnostics failed in 28.6 per cent. Increases may only occur until 9 weeks before traditional diagnostics of metastases. beta-NAG values lie within the normal range for clinically not metastasing mamma carcinoma. The enzyme level will increase significantly after each tumour progression into an organ. The diagnostic sensitivity for the general diagnostics of metastases amounts to 97.7 per cent. Increases without any evidence of metastases are either due to other diseases with connective tissue changes or to occult micrometastases. An exact control is required for these patients. Likewise, HP and beta-NAG have a prognostic importance for malign testicle tumours from nonseminomes character and malign lymphomas, because with tumour progression they will turn into pathological ones. Cytostatics have no direct impact on the serum level of HP and beta-NAG.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1989

The effect of abstinence from smoking on urinary excretion of hydroxyproline.

The effect of abstinence from smoking on the urinary hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio (HOP ratio) was assessed in 49 smokers who participated in an anti-smoking course. Urine samples were collected at the beginning of the course and weekly during the subsequent 14 weeks in 1985. The subjects were divided into five groups depending on the number of cigarettes smoked daily before abstinence: 1-10, 11-20, 21-30, 31-40 and greater than 40 cigarettes. The urinary HOP ratio immediately after abstinence from smoking was proportional to the mean daily number of cigarettes smoked in the past. All groups showed decreasing HOP ratios with a longer period of abstinence. Half of the total decrease observed in the HOP ratios after 14 weeks was reached within 5 or 6 weeks. When using the Brinkman index to adjust for the number of smoking years, half of the maximum decrease in all groups was reached within 4 weeks. In an exponential decay model fitted to the data, the half-life time taken to reach the non-smokers' level was 9-10 weeks for all groups. The HOP level of smokers who smoked less than 41 cigarettes before cessation approached the HOP level of the control group after 61-74 weeks. The results suggested that the urinary HOP ratio was useful as a biochemical marker for short-term breakdown of lung collagen and lung elastin.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1989

Radiation-induced pulmonary endothelial dysfunction and hydroxyproline accumulation in four strains of mice.

C57BL mice exposed to 14 Gy of whole-thorax irradiation develop significant histologic lung fibrosis within 52 weeks, whereas CBA and C3H mice do not exhibit substantial fibrosis during this time. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether this strain-dependent difference in radiation histopathology is associated with genetic differences in pulmonary endothelial metabolic activity or in endothelial radioresponsiveness. C57BL/6J, C57BL/10J, CBA/J, and C3H/HeJ mice were sacrificed 12 weeks after exposure to 0 or 14 Gy of 300-kV X rays to the whole thorax. Lung angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity and plasminogen activator (PLA) activity were measured as indices of pulmonary endothelial function; and lung hydroxyproline (HP) content served as an index of pulmonary fibrosis. Lung ACE and PLA activities in sham-irradiated C57BL/6J and CB57BL/10J mice were only half as high as those in sham-irradiated CBA/J and C3H/HeJ mice. Exposure to 14 Gy of X rays produced a slight but nonsignificant reduction in lung ACE and PLA activity in the C57BL strains, and a significant reduction in the CBA/J and C3H/HeJ mice. Even after 14 Gy, however, lung ACE and PLA activities in CBA/J and C3H/HeJ mice were higher than those in sham-irradiated C57BL/6J and C57BL/10J mice. Lung HP content in all four strains increased significantly after irradiation, but this increase was accompanied by an increase in lung wet weight. As a result, HP concentration (per milligram wet weight) remained constant or increased slightly in both C57BL strains and actually decreased in the CBA/J and C3H/HeJ mice. These data demonstrate significant genetic differences in both intrinsic pulmonary endothelial enzyme activity and endothelial radioresponsiveness among the four strains of mice. Specifically, strains prone to radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (C57BL/6J, C57BL/10J) exhibit only half as much lung ACE and PLA activity as do strains resistant to fibrosis (CBA and C3H).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effects of arginine and ornithine on strength, lean body mass and urinary hydroxyproline in adult males.

Twenty-two adult males participated in a 5 week progressive strength training program. One half the subjects received the amino acids L-arginine and L-ornithine and the other half, a placebo. The study used a double blind protocol so that subjects as well as investigators had no knowledge of which substances were being administered. Dosages amounted to 2 grams or 1 gram each of L-arginine and L-ornithine, and 600 mg of calcium and 1 gram of Vitamin C as placebos. These supplements were taken orally for a total of 25 administrations. Following the short term strength program using progressively high intensities, tests were taken for total strength (TS), lean body mass (LBM) and urinary hydroxyproline (UH). The results from ANOVA showed that subjects who were taking the arginine-ornithine combination scored significantly higher in TS and LBM (p less than .05), and significantly lower in UH (p less than .05), than subjects on placebos. It was concluded that arginine and ornithine taken in prescribed doses can, in conjunction with a high intensity strength training program, increase TS and LBM in a relatively short period of time. Arginine and ornithine also aid in recovery from chronic stress by quelling tissue breakdown as evidenced by lower UH levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Lactate and pyruvate increase the incorporation of [3H]proline into collagen [3H]hydroxyproline in liver slices of CCl4 cirrhotic rats.

Lactate and pyruvate enhanced the incorporation of [3H]proline into collagen [3H]hydroxyproline when added to liver slices of CCl4-treated rats. In addition, pyruvate stimulated the accumulation of cAMP, reaching maximum values after 10 minutes of incubation. Similar results were obtained with newborn rat calvariae, a tissue that normally produces large amounts of type I collagen. In normal liver, which produces relatively small amounts of collagen, lactate had no effect on cAMP levels or collagen synthesis. Pyruvate stimulated the accumulation of cAMP, but had no effect on collagen synthesis. These results indicate that different control mechanisms are involved in regulation of collagen biosynthesis in normal as compared with cirrhotic liver; the latter resembling mesenchymal tissues specialized in collagen production such as newborn rat calvariae.

Animals↗