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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Cross-sectional study of oral mucosal conditions among a central Amazonian Indian community, Brazil.

BACKGROUND: A cross-sectional study on the oral mucosal conditions among the Waimiri Atroari Indians from central Amazonia, Brazil, has been conducted. These Indians keep their traditional way of life and are free from habits such as smoking, alcohol drinking, and use of pacifiers. METHODS: Clinical examinations of a representative, randomly selected sample of patients during routine dental treatment, following ethical procedures recommended by Brazilian laws were made. RESULTS: Out of 922 individuals, 587 were examined, among which 52.57% of the children up to 12 years old and 73.44% of patients aged 13 years or older presented at least one oral mucosal condition. The conditions more frequently observed were, in decreasing order of prevalence: fissured tongue, focal epithelial hyperplasia (FEH), lesions of traumatic origin, geographic tongue, Fordyce's spots, and candidiasis. Only one case of leukoplakia was identified. CONCLUSIONS: Conditions observed among theses Indians were essentially the same that have been described in other populations around the world, except for FEH, which, as a characteristic lesion of Indians, had high prevalence (20.95%). The lesions observed were related to the way of life of this specific population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Study of the oral mucosa in 200 consecutive patients with psoriasis.

The oral cavities of 200 consecutive psoriasis patients, most of them with widespread disease on the skin, were examined (man/woman ratio 1.63:1, mean age of the patients 43.7 yr). The average duration of the disease at time of examination was 15.8 yr. When questioned, 16% of the patients reported changes in the joints, which, according to them, had been verified by radiography. 72.5% of the patients reported on nail involvement at some time during their disease. Fissured tongue was present in 9.5% of the patients, and geographic tongue and smooth tongue each in 1% of the patients. Angular cheilitis was found in 3.5% of the patients. In 20 out of 200 cases, the oral mucosa showed changes and biopsy was taken. Four out of 20 patients showed histologic features typical of psoriasis, including accumulations of leukocytes in the upper layers of the epithelium, all with widespread psoriasis skin involvement. Areas of oral mucosa were most often deep red in color, the buccal mucosa and tongue being the two most common sites. Two out of these four patients had a fissured tongue and one had a geographic tongue.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Familial study of fissured tongue.

Clinical and genetic characteristics of histologically defined fissured tongue were examined in a familial study. Fifteen probands with fissured tongue and four probands with geographic tongue were selected from earlier studies. In addition, 12 probands with tongue fissuring, but without changes of papillary structure, were included. The total sample consisted of 31 families; the number of family members examined was 185 (93 men, 92 women), and the mean age of the subjects was 20 yr (range 1-78). Diagnosis of tongue form was emphasized, and this study describes an in vivo method of stereomicroscopy for examining the dorsum of the tongue. According to genetic analysis, fissured tongue with smooth-surfaced papillae was transmitted as a dominant characteristic with incomplete penetrance and was preceded by geographic tongue. The severity of fissured tongue changed with increasing age. Tongue fissuring with normal-appearing filiform papillae was not familial and was not associated with geographic tongue. Fissuring with normal papillary structure should be considered as variations of normal anatomy, whereas fissured tongue and geographic tongue are a clinical and etiological disease entity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Psoriasis: pathophysiology and oral manifestations.

Psoriasis is a chronic, remitting and relapsing inflammatory skin disorder with a strong genetic predisposition. Psoriasis affects 1-3% of the world's population in their early lives representing a disabling condition with significant social and economic impact. Despite a great deal of research on the etiology and tissue destruction mechanisms, the disease is not well understood. The purpose of this paper is to provide current information from the literature with a special focus on oral manifestations. The major signs and symptoms presented in the oral environment of a psoriasis patient may include geographic tongue, fissure tongue, gingival and/or mucosal lesions. Inflammatory temporomandibular joint lesions have been reported in less than 5% of psoriasis patients. Multiple treatment strategies, be they topical or systemic, have been applied to these patients for symptom relief but not for cure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Prevalence and risk factors associated with geographic tongue among US adults.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the prevalence of geographic tongue (GT) among US adults. DESIGN: Population-based case-control study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The presence or absence of GT. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Data from 16 833 adults examined during The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994 (NHANES III), a study based on multistage probability sampling were analyzed using SAS-callable SUDAAN 9.0.1. RESULTS: Geographic tongue point prevalence was 1.8% (95% CI: 1.4, 2.3). Multivariate logistic regression showed significant effects of race-ethnicity, with Whites (AOR = 1.8; 1.3, 2.5) and Blacks (AOR = 1.6; 1.2, 2.1) having greater odds of GT than Mexican-Americans; current corticosteroid therapy (AOR = 3.7; 1.54, 8.6). Cigarette smokers had lower GT prevalence (AOR = 0.4; 0.3, 0.6). Fissured tongue (FT) was strongly associated with GT among non-smokers: AOR = 17.5 (7.8, 39.5). We did not find significant associations with age, gender, oral contraceptive use, diabetes mellitus, allergy or atopy, psychological or dermatological conditions as previous research has suggested. CONCLUSIONS: Geographic tongue was more prevalent among Whites and Blacks compared with Mexican-Americans, positively associated with FT, and inversely associated with cigarette smoking.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oral side-effects of the most frequently prescribed drugs.

Oral side-effects and their respective prevalence rates for the 200 most frequently prescribed drugs for 1992, as measured by IMS America's National Prescription Audit is reviewed. Accounting for duplication due to brand and generic name listings, the actual number of different medications covered was 131. The results of this review are presented in a table and include the oral side-effects and prevalences as reported in the literature. The three most frequent side-effects encountered with these medications were xerostomia (80.5%), dysgeusia (47.5%), and stomatitis (33.9%). The included table should fill the need for a ready reference for dentists in monitoring and counseling patients regarding the potential oral side-effects of the medications.

Drug Utilization↗
PubMed1995

Epithelial antibiotics induced at sites of inflammation.

The role of antimicrobial peptides in epithelial defense is not fully understood. An epithelial beta-defensin, lingual antimicrobial peptide (LAP), was isolated from bovine tongue and the corresponding complementary DNA cloned. LAP showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial and antifungal activities. LAP messenger RNA abundance was markedly increased in the epithelium surrounding naturally occurring tongue lesions. This increase coincided with the cellular hallmarks of acute and chronic inflammation in the underlying lamina propria, supporting a role for epithelial antimicrobial peptides as integral components of the inflammatory response.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Life-threatening facial edema due to pine caterpillar mimicking an allergic event.

BACKGROUND: Approximately 150 species of Lepidoptera have been described as causing damage to human skin. One of these species is the pine processionary caterpillar, which is responsible for dermatitis, contact urticaria, ocular lesions and rarely respiratory signs and anaphylactic reactions through IgE-mediated or non-IgE-mediated mechanisms. We report a pediatric case of severe orofacial edema mimicking an allergic reaction after ingestion of a pine processionary caterpillar; urgent airway intubation was required. CASE REPORT: A 15-month-old boy was sleeping under a pine tree when his mother noted a pine caterpillar on his tongue. Because of rapidly developing facial swelling and respiratory distress, the infant was first taken to a local hospital where he received intravenous dexamethasone and pheniramine hydrogen maleate. On arrival at our emergency department, diffuse swelling and edema involving the tongue, perioral, nasal and perimandibular regions, and neck was noted, requiring urgent orotracheal intubation. There were no findings of anaphylaxis. The results of skin prick tests and specific IgE to common aero- and food allergens were negative. A skin prick test with extract of pine caterpillar was also negative. Prednisolone and pheniramine hydrogen maleate were administered for 7 days. The child gradually improved and was successfully extubated 4 days later. CONCLUSION: Although oral contact with a pine processionary caterpillar in the form of ingestion is rare, it may cause significant local reaction and airway compromise mimicking an allergic event. In this situation, early intubation to maintain airway patency is a life-saving measure.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1990

Oral psoriasis: report of a case and review of the literature.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease which very rarely affects the oral mucosa. In the present article, an interesting case of psoriasis with exclusive oral involvement is described. The patient's history, clinical, microscopic features, and HLA typing were consistent with a diagnosis of psoriasis. A review of the 68 reported cases of oral psoriasis is presented in table form.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Geographic tongue in two siblings.

We report two illustrative cases of geographic tongue which occurred in 6- and 4-year-old sisters whose father had fissured tongue. The elder sister had mild atopic dermatitis and nail changes, but there was no family history suggestive of psoriasis. Histologically, the geographic tongue in the elder sister showed the same features as the oral lesions in pustular psoriasis. From a review of the literature we suggest that geographic tongue may be classified into two types, one that commonly occurs in atopics and another that develops as an oral manifestation of pustular psoriasis, although both types show similar histopathological features.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Antibodies of patients with Lyme disease to components of the Ixodes dammini spirochete.

Lyme disease is an inflammatory disorder of skin, joints, nervous system, and heart. The disease is associated with a preceding tick bite and is ameliorated by penicillin treatment. A spirochete (IDS) isolated from Ixodes dammini ticks has been implicated as the etiologic agent of Lyme disease. We examined the antibody responses of Lyme disease patients to IDS lysate components in order to further understand the pathogenesis of this disease. The components were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, transferred to nitrocellulose, reacted with patients' sera, and the bound IgG was detected with 125I-labeled protein A (western blot). We found that (a) Lyme disease patients had antibodies to IDS components (b) most patients studied had antibodies to two components with apparent subunit molecular weights of 41,000 and 60,000, and (c) the patients' antibody responses during illness and remission were specific, for the most part, for the IDS. In contrast to the findings with Lyme disease sera, sera from controls showed little reactivity with IDS components in either the western blots or a derivative solid-phase radioimmunoassay.

Animals↗