Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “DBP”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Comparison of the antihypertensive activity of fosinopril and irbesartan].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the antihypertensive effect of two daily single dose drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin axis by two different ways. METHODS: Thirty patients were randomized to receive either irbesartan (150 mg once daily) (n = 15, mean age 65.2 +/- 8.7 years, 9 men and 6 women) or fosinopril (20 mg once daily) (n = 15, mean age 57.4 +/- 11.5 years, 4 men and 11 women, difference are not significant) during 12 weeks. When needed, hydroclorothiazide (12.5 mg) was added to treatment to improve hypotensive response. RESULTS: A reduction of SBP and DBP was observed in both treatment groups throughout the study. In order to obtain further BP reduction, hydrochlorothiazide was added to 6 patients with inadequate BP response at the 4th week (3 patients in the irbesartan group) and 8th week (2 patients in irbesartan group and 1 patient in fosinopril group). SBP was reduced in irbesartan group from 157.7 +/- 11.2 to 131.0 +/- 8.7 mmHg (12th week, p < 0.001). DBP decreases from 94.1 +/- 5.6 to 82.7 +/- 4.2 mmHg (p < 0.001). In fosinopril group SBP was reduced from 147.9 +/- 11.7 to 132.2 +/- 12.4 mmHg (p < 0.001) and DBP decreases from 92.3 +/- 6.3 to 84.0 +/- 5.4 mmHg (p < 0.001). Final between group differences in BP are not significant. Final BP reduction in irbesartan group (26.7 +/- 11.6 mmHg) was bigger than that obtained in fosinopril group (15.6 +/- 11.6 mmHg, p = 0.011). BP reduction was significant in fosinopril group from the first month (SBP 140.7 +/- 12.2, p = 0.021; DBP 87.2 +/- 6.2, p = 0.003). In irbesartan group BP reduction was not significant until the second month (SBP 135.5 +/- 10.4, p < 0.001; DBP 85.3 +/- 4.3, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Fosinopril and irbesartan seems to be equally effective to reduce DBP. Irbesartan might have higher effectiveness on systolic blood pressure. Irbesartan act more gradually than fosinopril and this may be useful to prevent from acute blood pressure falls.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Evaluation of self-measurement of blood pressure im ambulatory monitoring of hypertension therapy].

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare the usefulness and credibility of ambulatory self-measurement of blood pressure (SMBP) by hypertensive patients to automatic ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). METHODS: The study was performed in 51 patients with primary hypertension (19 F, 32 M), aged 25-67 y divided into 3 groups: I-without treatment (n = 13), II-receiving monotherapy (n = 17) and III-treated at least with 2 hypotensive drugs (n = 21). For three consecutive days, patients measured their systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate (HR) three times a day at 2 minute intervals during the following periods 06:00-08:00, 15:00-17:00 and 20:00-22:00. Afterwards, the process was repeated for three days using the automatic OMRON HEM-705C device. Results obtained on the second and third days were included in the calculation of SBP, DBP and HR mean values for the period 06:00-22:00. On the fourth day of the study, ABPM was performed with a Tycos Quiet Trak recorder. The parameters were measured every 20 minutes between 06:00 and 22:00. The average values for SBP, DBP and HR that were obtained with these two methods of blood pressure monitoring using the time period 06:00-22:00, were then compared. RESULTS: There was a significant correlation between SMBP and ABPM for SBP, DBP and HR in groups I, II and III (for SBP r = 0.81; 0.80; 0.82; for DBP r = 0.61; 0.62; 0.83; for HR r = 0.53; 0.69; 00.81). According to statistical tests, significant differences in the mean values of SBP, DBP and HR were found in the first (3.9 mmHg, 5.7 mmHg and 8 min-1 and second (4.9 mmHg, 6.2 mmHg and 6.2 min-1) groups. Only the HR (7.7 min-1) was statistically significant in the third group. CONCLUSIONS: Self-measurement of BP with automatic device is comparable to ABPM method of blood pressure monitoring, especially if multi-drug therapy is used for sustained hypertension. However, SMBP is not a completely alternative method for ABPM.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Definition of hypertension based on a prevalence study of 1,423 young adults].

The prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) was studied in 1423 individuals (702 males and 721 females) aged 21 years (Fig. 1, Table 1). Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures and heart rate (HR) were measured three times on two different occasions separated by at least one week. Three different criteria were used to define AH (Table 3): 1) World Health Organization (WHO) [PAD > or = 95 mmHg in one casual determination]; Joint National Committee IV (JNC-4) [PAD > or = 90 mmHg on two different occasions]; and 3) Statistical [PAD > percentile 95 of the respective distribution]. BP was distributed normally in both males and females (Fig. 4). DBP decreased progressively along the six measurements (Fig. 2, Table 2), with the average of DBP determinations 4-6 being significantly lower than the average of determinations 1-3 (p < 0.05). SBP behaved in the same way (Fig. 2, Table 2), but in this case the 2nd and 3rd determinations within each occasion (2-3 and 5-6) were significantly lower than determinations 1 and 4, respectively (p < 0.05). As a result, the percentage of individuals of either sex with DBP > 90 mmHg was 14.7% based on the 1st determination (Fig. 5), but if the averages of determinations 1 to 3 or 1 to 6 were considered, these percentages decreased to 8.7% and 4% respectively (Fig. 5). With the WHO criterion (PAD > or = 160/95 mmHg based on the first determination) there were 3.3% of individuals with AH. With the statistical criterion the prevalence of AH was always 5%, but the actual value of percentile 95 was progressively lower as we took into account the 1st. determination, the average of 1-3 or the average of 1-6: 100, 95 and 90 mmHg in males and 90, 88 and 84 mmHg in females, respectively (Fig. 6). With the JNC-4 criterion there were 1.6% of individuals with AH (Fig. 5). These low figures were caused by the lack of repeatability of DBP readings in the second determination, since 79% of the individuals with DBP > or = 90 mmHg on the first occasion were normotensive on the second one, whereas more than 95% of those being initially normotensive remained in that category on the second visit (Fig. 7). The FC did not show important changes (Fig. 8), and the percentage of individuals with systolic AH was low (Table 4).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Non-invasive blood pressure variability in chronic heart failure: characteristics and prognostic value.

BACKGROUND: Short-term variability of blood pressure can be used as an index of sympathetic vascular modulation and has been studied in patients with hypertension. AIM: The aim of this study was to characterise blood pressure variability (BPV) and its prognostic value in patients with congestive heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS: 104 patients with congestive heart failure due to ischemia (n = 104) or idiopathic cardiomyopathy (n = 50) in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II (n = 50), III (n = 71), IV (n = 33), and 40 healthy subjects were studied. The mean ejection fraction was 0.33 +/- 0.10. Continuous non-invasive BP recordings were obtained for 3,600 seconds with a photoplethysmographic finger device in patients and control subjects at rest. Patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) had significantly less pronounced BPV than control subjects. Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) variability was related to left ventricular ejection and to peak oxygen uptake. BPV was not different in patients with ischemic or idiopathic CHF. During the mean follow up (+/- SD) of 565 +/- 215 days, 44 patients died (28.6%). All deaths were cardiac related. Cox's univariate analysis identified the following factors to be predictors of death: peak oxygen uptake (p = 0.01), ejection fraction (p = 0.008), and among BPV parameters: total spectral amplitude (TA) for DBP (p = 0.002), very low frequencies over total amplitude (VLF/TA) for DBP (p = 0.005) and for mean blood pressure (MBP) (p = 0.03), and very low over high frequencies ratio (VLF/HF) for DBP (p = 0.002). Multivariate analysis showed that BPV predicted survival independently of EF or peak VO2. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that VLF/TA < 55% for DBP, MBP and SBP are useful risk factors. One-year survival in patients with VLF/TA < 55% of DBP was 53% compared with 95% in those with VLF/TA > 55% (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Decreased BPV in patients with CHF is related to left ventricular dysfunction. Analysis of BPV can identify patients with CHF who have an increased risk of cardiac death.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[The study on relationship of body mass index and blood pressure in children and adolescents of Beijing].

OBJECTIVE: To identify the relationship of body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure in 7 - 15 years children and adolescents of Beijing so as to provide scientific basis for early prevention of hypertension and to provide evidence for verification on the category criterion of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents of China, recommended by the Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC) to sensitively distinguish the blood pressure in normal weight, overweight and obesity populations. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey on epidemiological characteristics of obesity with stratified cluster sampling method carried out in Beijing in April and May, 2000. 5155 students aged 6 - 15 years were selecte das research subjects. The category criterion of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents of China was recommended by WGOC, the diagnostic criterion of hypertension in children was recommended by CDC in the USA. Statistics analysis system (SAS 8.1) including partial person correlation analysis, t-test, chi(2) test and logistic multi-factors regression analysis was used to analyses the data from 4982 subjects aged 7 - 15 years. RESULTS: (1) after the age and gender were adjusted, the BMI positive correlation with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was found independent in 7 - 15 years children and adolescents (P < 0.0001) and the partial relation coefficients(r) between BMI and SBP and DBP were 0.323 87 and 0.245 88 respectively. (2) the means of SBP and DBP in obesity group were significantly higher then overweight, while overweight was significantly higher then normal weight group (P < 0.0001). (3) the prevalence rates of hyper-SBP, hyper-DBP and hypertension were significantly different (P < 0.0001). When compared with the normal weight group, the relation risk (RR) for hypertension in overweight group and obesity group were 2.96 and 4.85 respectively. The prevalence rates of hypertension in overweight and obesity group were 19.70% and 24.22% respectively. (4) the results of logistic multi-factors regression analysis showed that both age and weight were effecting on hyper-SBP, hyper-DBP and hypertension (P < 0.0001). After age was adjusted, the RR for hypertension was 2.62, and their confidence interval (CI) was 2.36 - 2.91 in obesity or overweight, between overweight and normal weight. CONCLUSION: (1) the BMI positive correlation with SBP and DBP was found independent in 7 - 15 years children and adolescents of Beijing, and the risk for hypertension maybe increased when these people with overweight and obesity, it is very important for hypertension prevention and control that overweight and obesity prevention and control in children and adolescents. (2) the sensitivity of the category criterion of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents of China, recommended by WGOC have been verified on distinguish the blood pressure in normal weight, overweight and obesity populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Reversibility of adverse effects of di-n-butyl phthalate on F1 generation rat testes].

OBJECTIVE: To study the reversibility of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) effects on F(1) generation rat testes. METHODS: Pregnant rats were treated with different dose of DBP (0, 50, 250 and 500 mg per kg per day) by gavage from GD1 to PND21. The adverse effects of DBP on testes of F(1) male rats in different developmental period (PND14, 21 and 70) were observed by anatomy and pathological methods. RESULTS: There was no difference in rat testis weight and testis/body weight between DBP-treated group and the control. From the results of pathology and sertoli cell counting, comparing with the control, thinner seminiferous epithelium, decreased cell number and vacuole cells were observed in PND14 male DBP-treated rats. In PND21 rats, the number and form of sertoli cells were recovered and few exfoliated spermatogenic cells were found. When maturing to PND70, few rats were found irreversible damages such as seminiferous tubule degeneration, seminiferous epithelium atrophy, etc. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that adverse effects of DBP on young rat testes should be reversibility.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

The efficacy of telmisartan compared with perindopril in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension.

In this study, efficacy of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker telmisartan given as monotherapy was compared with that of perindopril monotherapy in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. After a 2-week, single-blind, placebo run-in period, 60 patients were randomised to double-blind, once-daily treatment with telmisartan 80 mg or perindopril 4 mg for 6 weeks. Clinic and ambulatory blood pressure measurements and clinical laboratory evaluation were performed at the end of the placebo run-in and active treatment phases. Both telmisartan and perindopril significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced clinic systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) compared with baseline values. Also, both drugs significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced 24-h mean ambulatory SBP and DBP compared with baseline. Comparison of the mean hourly antihypertensive activities showed that the reduction in mean ambulatory DBP for the last 8 h of the dosing interval was significantly greater (p < 0.05) in telmisartan-treated patients. A 24-h mean DBP of <85 mmHg was observed in 66.6% of the telmisartan-treated patients but in only 46.6% of the perindopril-treated patients (p < 0.05). It is concluded that telmisartan and perindopril both produce significant reductions in clinic SBP and DBP, but the mean reduction in ambulatory DBP during the last 8 h of the dosing interval is greater in patients treated with telmisartan.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

The relationship of age, body mass index and waist circumference with blood pressure in Bengalee Hindu male jute mill workers of Belur, West Bengal, India.

A cross-sectional study of 150 adult Bengalee Hindu male jute mill workers of Belur, a suburb of Kolkata, West Bengal, India, was undertaken to study the relationship of age, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean arterial (MAP) blood pressure. The mean age and the BMI of the subjects were 40.7 years (S.D. = 15.2) and 23.2 kg/m2 (S.D. = 3.2), respectively. The mean SBP, DBP and MAP were 124.7 mmHg (S.D. = 7.8), 81.5 mmHg (S.D. = 5.7) and 95.9 mmHg (S.D. = 6.1), respectively. Age had similar significant (p < 0.001) correlations with BMI and WC. Age and WC were significantly correlated (p < 0.001) with all the three blood pressure variables. In general, the correlations of BMI with SBP (r = 0.24, p < 0.01), DBP (r = 0.15, n.s.) and MAP (r = 0.19, p < 0.05) were weaker. Age controlled multiple regression analyses demonstrated that BMI did not have a significant effect of any blood pressure variable. However, WC had a significant impact (p < 0.0001) on SBP (t = 7.068), DBP (t = 5.190) and MAP (t = 6.387), even after adjusting for the effect of age. Moreover, even after age adjustment, percent variations in SBP (20.7%), DBP (12.5%) and MAP (17.2%) explained by WC were high. This significant impact (p < 0.0001) of WC on SBP (t = 9.426), DBP (t = 8.349) and MAP (t = 9.642) remained even after controlling for the combined effects of age and BMI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Interleukin 6 response factor binds co-operatively at two adjacent sites in the promoter upstream region of the rat alpha 2-macroglobulin gene.

Transcription of the alpha 2-macroglobulin gene (alpha 2M) in rat hepatocytes is strongly induced during acute inflammations by interleukin 6 (IL6). An IL6-response region has previously been mapped in the promoter upstream sequence of this gene. The region consists of two adjacent elements (IL6-REs), the IL6-RE core (CTGGGAA, -164 to -158 bp) and the core homology (CTGGAAA, -184 to -178 bp), elements, that are located 20 bp apart. Both elements bind nuclear factors with very similar protein-DNA contact patterns when they are contained in their original sequence context. A protein-DNA complex III was obtained in gel mobility shift experiments using a probe individually representing the core site. With probes containing both the core and core homology sites, a hormone inducible complex II of slower mobility was obtained. Complex II consisted of multiple copies of the same protein or proteins with very similar molecular masses bound at both sites. The core homology site was the weaker binding site. With a probe containing two tandem copies of the core site, binding at the second site occurred with 81 times greater affinity when the first site was occupied, than when it was free. Thus, the factor binding at the IL6-REs, the IL6-RE binding protein (IL6 RE-BP), was capable of co-operatively interacting with itself. Another factor, IL6-DBP/LAP, has recently been shown to be involved in the regulation of a major subgroup of acute phase genes by IL6. Using recombinant IL6-DBP/LAP and corresponding antisera, we demonstrated here that the IL6 RE-BP of the alpha 2M gene was distinct from IL6-DBP/LAP and from the related factor DBP. Thus, two major IL6-response elements can be distinguished: type 1 elements occurring in the human C-reactive protein, hemopexin and haptoglobin genes and utilizing IL6-DBP/LAP; and type 2 elements occurring in the rat alpha 2M, and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein genes, and utilizing a different IL6 RE-BP. The IL6 RE-BP of the alpha 2M gene was also shown to be distinct from the transcription factor NF kappa B. The IL6RE-BP had relative molecular mass of Mr = 46,000, distinct from IL6-DBP/LAP (Mr = 32,000) and NF kappa B (Mr = 50,000) and its overall DNA binding capacity was induced under acute phase conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Arterial blood pressure behavior during progressive muscular exercise in subjects with stable arterial hypertension].

To assess the behaviour of blood pressure (BP) during exercise in hypertensive patients (H), 103 males aged 21 to 59 years (mean 43 years) with essential hypertension WHO class I-II were studied. All H, without antihypertensive therapy for at least 15 days, underwent sitting bicycle exercise (10 W/min). BP was measured on the left arm by a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. The fifth Korotkoff phase was taken as the diastolic pressure. Heart rate was measured by electrocardiogram. Subjects were studied at rest in sitting position, during exercise every 3 min and during recovery at 1, 3 and 5 min. As controls we took 100 normotensive (N) males aged 20 to 59 years (mean 39 years). The results were analyzed also by decades. Systolic (S) and diastolic (D) blood pressure were higher in H in comparison with N at rest, in sitting position, (N 119 +/- 10/79 +/- 7 mmHg; H 162 +/- 21/112 +/- 11 mmHg; p less than 0.01), during exercise and recovery. SBP and, to a lesser extent DBP, progressively increased during exercise both in N and in H patients (at peak exercise: N 192 +/- 20/85 +/- 13 mmHg; H 239 +/- 25/121 +/- 13 mmHg, p less than 0.01). The mean increase of SBP during exercise was 77 mmHg in H and 73 mmHg in N (NS). DBP increment was about 6 mmHg in N and 9 mmHg in H (NS). Within the age decades, SBP during exercise was higher in the age group of 50 to 59 in comparison with 20 to 29 in N and H (p less than 0.05) and DBP in the age group of 40 to 49 and 50 to 59 in comparison with 20 to 29 and 30 to 39 (p less than 0.01). The fall of SBP and DBP was greater at 1 min of recovery both in H and N and became progressively smaller thereafter. At a same workload (90 and 120 W) 60% of H had SBP and 85% had DBP higher than BP in N (above 200/104 mmHg--mean + 2 SD--at 90 W and 215/106 mmHg at 120 W). No difference was observed in heart rate at rest and during exercise between N and H. In conclusion, H had SBP and DBP higher at rest, during exercise and recovery in comparison with N. However, a parallel increase of BP was found in the 2 groups during exercise. Ergometric test showed that 60-85% of H had also excessive increase of systolic and diastolic blood pressure during exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The rat vitamin D binding protein (Gc-globulin) gene. Structural analysis, functional and evolutionary correlations.

The complete rat vitamin D binding protein (DBP) gene has been cloned and characterized. Genomic mapping suggests that there is only one copy of this gene in the haploid genome. The gene spans 35 kilobase pairs and contains 13 exons. All exons, exon/intron borders, and 2196 base pairs of 5'-flanking region have been sequenced. The transcription cap site, determined by primer extension analysis, is 62 base pairs upstream from the start of translation and predicts that an unusual TGTAAA motif may serve as a surrogate TATA. The promoter region contains about 50% nucleotide sequence similarity to the corresponding region of the partially characterized human DBP gene and is uniquely interrupted by a repetitive element. Although lacking in overall sequence similarity to the albumin (ALB) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) genes, the 5'-flanking region of the DBP gene contains a number of conserved segments which may correspond to critical proximal promoter elements in this gene family. The location of the introns in the coding region of the DBP gene is highly conserved when compared with the ALB and AFP genes. Detailed comparison of exon size and content confirms the previous prediction that the smaller size of the DBP protein results from loss of internal exons 12 and 13 from the DBP progenitor gene during its evolutionary divergence from ALB and AFP.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Placebo effect and adaptation to noninvasive monitoring of BP.

Three 24 h ambulatory monitorings of BP were performed at two-week intervals in 21 untreated hypertensives (mean age 38 +/- 10 yrs, 13 males and 9 females). After the first baseline monitoring, the patients were randomised, according to a cross-over design, to one of the following sequences: no therapy to placebo or placebo to no therapy. At the end of each period, noninvasive ambulatory monitoring was performed. Mean +/- SE 24 h systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) pressures recorded at the first monitoring were 129.2 +/- 3.5 mmHg and 81.7 +/- 2.3 mmHg respectively. At the second and third monitorings, mean 24 h BP differences versus baseline levels were -2.9 +/- 1.8 and -4.7 +/- 1.7 mmHg for SBP, and -2.0 +/- 1.1 and -2.7 +/- 1.5 mmHg for DBP. Both SBP and DBP differences at repeated monitorings were significant by analysis of variance (P less than 0.05). No significant effects on BP of treatment sequence or of placebo administration were found. Analysis of covariance showed a significant relationship between initial 24 h BP and subsequent mean 24 h BP differences (SBP: beta = -0.260, DBP: beta = -0.124). ANOVA performed on waking and sleeping BP separately showed the observed differences to be significant only during waking hours. Regression analysis showed that the decrease in 24 h BP at repeated monitorings was significantly related to the extent of 'white coat'-induced BP increase only for DBP (P = 0.022). For both 24 h SBP and DBP, however, a negative correlation between the alarm reaction to the presence of the physician and 24 h BP decrease at repeated monitorings was observed. It is concluded that noninvasive ambulatory monitoring is subject to adaptative phenomena but not to placebo effect. Factors influencing the defence reactions to manual measurements and to ambulatory monitoring might be partly different.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Ambulatory cardiovascular monitoring of healthy adults in Rochester, Minnesota: chronobiologic assessment.

To serve as a tentative reference group for clinical health, 107 adults measured their systolic (S) and diastolic (D) blood pressure (BP) with an ambulatory Del Mar Avionics monitor (Irvine, California). Data were collected over approximately 24 hours at 7.5-minute intervals during waking and at 15-minute intervals during sleep. An echocardiogram served to determine the left ventricular mass (LVM), septal wall thickness (SWT), posterior wall thickness (PWT), ejection fraction (EjFr), and left atrial size (LAS). Each data series was analyzed by single cosinor. A statistically significant circadian rhythm (P less than 0.05) was found in 96 subjects (89.7 percent) for SBP and in 86 subjects (80.4 percent) for DBP. A population-mean cosinor reveals a highly significant circadian rhythm (P less than 0.001) for both variables in men (n = 44) as well as in women (n = 63), with an acrophase around 14:15. The double circadian amplitude, a measure of the total predictable change within a day, averages 10 (women) and 11 (men) mm Hg for DBP and 14 (women) and 17 (men) mm Hg for SBP. The midline-estimating statistic of rhythm (MESOR) of SBP is found to be higher for men (125 mm Hg) than for women (120 mm Hg), P = 0.018, whereas no difference in MESOR is found for DBP (71 mm Hg). A statistically significant correlation with age is found for the MESOR of SBP in both men (r = 0.352; P = 0.018) and women (r = 0.336; P = 0.007). The MESOR of SBP is also found to correlate with LVM in men (r = 0.300; P = 0.046), but not in women (r = 0.181; P = 0.153), whereas the MESOR of DBP correlates with LVM in women (R = 0.316; P = 0.011) but not in men (r = 0.117; P = 0.543). A positive correlation is also found between the MESOR of SBP and SWT as well as with EjFr, which is more prominent in women; between the MESOR of DBP and LAS, which is more prominent in men; and a negative correlation is found for women but not men between the circadian amplitude of both SBP and DBP and EjFr. Blood pressure excess (in mm Hg x h; hyperbaric index, briefly HBI; Halberg et al., 1984) was computed by comparing each profile to the upper 95 percent time-varying prediction limit of healthy peers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Cardiovascular reactivity to isometric stress in patients with stable and borderline hypertension and in normotensive subjects. Effects of alpha sympatholytics and beta blocking agents].

Aim of the study was to evaluate blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) variability during isometric handgrip test (IHT) in 20 ambulant non-obese male adults affected by sustained hypertension (SH) WHO I and II, 20 borderline hypertensive (BH) and 20 normotensives (C) of comparable sex, age and BMI. SBP and DBP were assessed by "Random Zero" sphygmomanometer, HR by ECG registration. IHT was performed at 30% of maximal effort for 3 min. IHT was carried out: 1) after 7 days placebo, 2) after 7 days propranolol treatment (80 mg/day) and, following 10 days wash-out, 3) after 7 days prazosin treatment (0.5 mg/day). After placebo IHT caused increases of SBP, DBP and HR values insignificantly different in the 3 groups. After propranolol IHT induced significantly more elevated SBP and DBP increases in SH than in BH or in C. These increases were significantly more elevated in comparison with those observed, in advance, in the same group of SH subjects after placebo. After prazosin treatment SBP increase induced by IHT was, on the contrary, significantly more elevated in BH than in SH or in C. This increase is more significant in comparison with that observed in the same BH group after placebo treatment. As for DBP variations induced by IHT after alpha sympatholytic therapy we have observed that SH subjects show significantly lesser diastolic variations as compared with those obtained in BH or in C groups after this treatment. In conclusion, enhanced IHT induced SBP elevation after propranolol and dampened DBP reactivity after prazosin suggest an overriding alpha stimulation in SH subjects. SBP hyperreactivity induced by IHT after alpha sympatholytic treatment and DBP hyporeactivity after betablockers emphasize the role of beta stimulation in BH individuals. Inhibition of BP reactivity to IHT in C after prazosin suggest that this one is mediated by alpha adrenergic receptors.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Benazepril at incremental doses in essential hypertension.

The antihypertensive effect of the new non-sulphydryl ACE-inhibitor benzepril was studied in 30 patients (16 men, 14 women; mean age 50 +/- 7 years) with essential hypertension at WHO stage I or II. After a 2-week placebo treatment, patients with lying diastolic blood pressure (DBP) greater than or equal to 95 mmHg were given benzepril 10 mg once daily for 2 weeks. At the end of this period, patients with lying DBP less than 95 mmHg continued with the same dosage, while those with lying DBP greater than or equal to 95 mmHg were blindly up-titrated to benazepril 20 mg once daily. In both cases treatment was continued for further 4 weeks. BP was measured every two weeks 24-26 h after last drug administration. After the run-in period, mean group lying BP was 160/104 +/- 8/5 mmHg. Benazepril significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP) and DBP, both supine and standing (p less than 0.01), while heart rate (HR) did not change. After the first 2 weeks, 13 patients (43%) had lying DBP less than 95 mmHg ("fast responders"), while 17 patients (57%) had DBP greater than or equal to 95 mmHg. By increasing the dosage to 20 mg, a further 5 patients became responder and mean group blood pressure in patients up-titrated with benazepril dropped significantly (-16/-10 mmHg from baseline; p less than 0.01, "slow responders"). Fast responders were younger (47 +/- 5 vs 54 +/- 8 years), had lower baseline BP (160/99 +/- 4/3 vs 173/107 +/- 7/3) and had shorter duration of hypertension (20 +/- 14 vs 61 +/- 27 months) than "slow responders".(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Enalapril versus captopril: a double-blind multicentre comparison in essential hypertension.

A collective, multicentre (Ljubljana, Split, Zagreb) comparison of the antihypertensive effects between two angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) captopril and enalapril was made in 69 hypertensives of both sexes, having a diastolic blood pressure (DBP), following two weeks on a placebo, of between 110 and 130 mm Hg (14.7 and 17.3 kPa). There were 35 patients on enalapril (20-40 mg), and 34 on captopril (50-100 mg). Both drugs under study decreased significantly the mean DBP already after the first week of ACEI treatment (p less than 0.001). By the end of the trial (9th week) captopril had decreased the DBP in the supine position from the initial 180.3 +/- 15.3/117.7 +/- 6.4 mm Hg to 151.6 +/- 11.1/96.8 +/- 7.2 mm Hg. Enalapril had lowered the DBP more efficiently: from 182.7 +/- 16.7/118.7 +/- 7.7 to 145.6 +/- 12.8/92.2 +/- 6.4 mm Hg (p less than 0.05). The average reduction in mean DBP was 16.9% on captopril, and 20.9% on enalapril. Low dose ACEI monotherapy (i.e. 50 mg and 20 mg) achieved DBP normalization in 11.8% on captopril and in 26.4% on enalapril (p less than 0.01). There were no significant heart rate changes. The laboratory results did not change appreciably and there were no relevant side-effects, although particular attention was paid to the expected adverse reactions, such as cough, ageusia or proteinuria. It is concluded that the ACEIs under study showed comparable effectiveness within the used dose range, enalapril being more potent, longer acting, and possibly safer.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1987

Endonucleolytic cleavage of E. coli and pBR 322 DNAs by a placental DNA-binding protein.

A 34,000 dalton DNA-binding protein (DBP) has been purified from human placenta. The purified protein possesses endonuclease activities capable of cleaving plasmid pBR 322 and chromosomal DNAs from E. coli. Maximum endonuclease activity was observed in the pH range of 6-9 and at 30 degrees C. The nuclease activity of the DBP was completely lost at 50 degrees C. Nitrocellulose filter binding assays indicate preferential binding of the DBP to ss DNA. The protein did not bind to apurinic DNA and UV-irradiated ds DNA. Consistent with the lack of binding of the DBP to apurinic DNA, this substrate was not cleaved by the DBP. However, native and UV-irradiated E. coli DNAs which showed poor binding were also cleaved by the DBP.

Chromosomes, Bacterial↗
PubMed1988

The relationship between a low treated blood pressure and IHD mortality: a report from the DHSS Hypertension Care Computing Project (DHCCP).

The suggestion that treating blood pressure to below a certain level may increase IHD mortality is controversial. We investigated the influence of treated blood pressure on mortality in the DHSS Hypertension Care Computer Project. Mortality was examined by quintiles of treated diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in 2,145 patients treated for a minimum period of one year and subsequently followed for an average of four years. One hundred and seventy five patients died; 71 from IHD. In men and women all cause mortality increased with level of treated DBP. In men IHD mortality showed a U-shaped distribution with an age-adjusted rate of 15.2 per 1,000 person years in the lowest fifth (DBP less than 86 mmHg) comparable to that of 15.6 per 1,000 in the upper (DBP greater than or equal to 103 mmHg). A similar pattern could not be established in women due to very few IHD deaths. IHD mortality was further examined separately for men by prior history of IHD. An increase in IHD deaths in the lowest fifth of treated blood pressure was found for men both with and without a history of IHD. No similar pattern of IHD mortality was obtained for untreated DBP or treated systolic pressure. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that the risk of low treated DBP is secondary to ischaemic heart disease.

Age Factors↗