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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

A case of lupus cystitis diagnosed from urinary symptoms as the sole initial complaint.

Cystitis related with systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE) is termed as lupus cystitis. It is a subtype of SLE in which gastrointestinal and bladder symptoms are prominent and it usually manifests with other symptoms of SLE. We present a case in a 37-year-old woman whose sole complaint was the severe urinary symptoms. A biopsy of the bladder showed inflammation in the submucosa and the finding of vasculitis. An autoimmune disease was suspected from the blood serum sample. A further laboratory study was performed and she was diagnosed with SLE and lupus cystitis. Prompt therapy with corticosteroids resulted in the improvement of the severe bladder symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Encrusted cystitis].

Encrusted cystitis is a chronic inflammation of the bladder mucosa associated with calcified deposits induced by numerous bacteria in an alkaline medium. Corynebacterium urealyticum or group D2 is most frequently incriminated. Encrusted cystitis is a rare disease with non-specific clinical features. The diagnosis may be suspected on imaging, but is often only established later on histological findings. Treatment of this disease is based on appropriate antibiotics with acidification of the urine. The authors report a new case of encrusted cystitis in a 78-year-old woman and review the literature on encrusted lesions of the urinary tract.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Hemorrhagic cystitis after bone marrow transplantation: importance of a thin sectioning technique on urinary sediments for diagnosis.

We used a thin-sectioning technique for the electron microscopic detection of viral particles within the cells of urinary sediments in three recipients who developed hemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Results of viral cultures of urine and electron microscopic (EM) observations on urinary sediments were consistent in only one recipient. In this recipient, EM observations revealed many viral particles within the cells of urinary sediments with diameter of about 80 nm corresponding to adenovirus, of which type 11 was produced in viral cultures. In one of the other two recipients many viral particles with a mean diameter of 41.6 nm corresponding to papovavirus were observed, but viral cultures using conventional cells were negative. Re-cultures using HEK cells produced polyomavirus BK. EM observation was a clue to the correct diagnosis. In the remaining recipient, no viral particles were observed within the cells of urinary sediments, suggesting the hemorrhagic cystitis to be of non-viral origin, despite a positive result of viral culture. These results suggest that a thin-sectioning technique on the cells of urinary sediments is important for the differential diagnosis between a viral-induced and non-viral hemorrhagic cystitis.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Encrusted cystitis in an immunocompromised patient: possible coinfection by Corynebacterium urealyticum and E. coli.

Encrusted cystitis is a severe chronic inflammatory disease of the bladder characterized by excessively alkaline urine and calcifications within the bladder wall. A case of a 60 year-old man affected by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which developed encrusted cystitis due to Corynebacterium urealyticum with E. coli co-infection, shows that the treatment of encrusted cystitis with a endoscopic debulking of the encrusted stones and an antimicrobial therapy specific for C. urealyticum often is not sufficient for the complete resolution of symptoms.

Corynebacterium↗
PubMed1991

Systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with cystitis, obstructive uropathy and intractable diarrhea: report of a case.

A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) displayed an unusual extraglomerular syndrome of cystitis with obstructive uropathy and severe secretory-type diarrhea. She had a history of idiopathic hypothyroidism and thrombocytopenia. The intractable diarrhea and cystitis with severe urinary obstruction regressed with large doses of systemic and intravesical corticosteroid therapy. The possibility of SLE should be considered fin any young female patient who has diarrhea of an unknown cause and cystitis.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[A case of emphysematous cystitis: a case report].

A 86-year-old woman presented with asymptomatic gross hematuria,and visited our hospital, and a vesicorectal fistula was suspected from a computed tomographic (CT) scan. She had a lower abdominal mass and urinary retention on arrival. Pclvic CT demonstrated intramural gas in the urinary bladder,which suggested a diagnosis of emphysematous cystitis. Cystoscopy demonstrated reddish mucosa and gas within the bladder wall. The gross hematuria was improved and the intramural gas disappeared on a CT scan after urinary drainage and antibiotic therapy. Although emphysematous cystitis is almost always cured with conservative therapy, an accurate diagonosis and prompt treatment are required because rarely emphysematous cystitis can result in rupture of the urinary bladder and lead to septic shock.

Aged, 80 and over↗
PubMed1991

[Eosinophilic cystitis as a special form of response to mitomycin C. Analysis and comments on our cases].

We analyzed 29 cases of eosinophilic cystitis in a group of 80 patients with lower urothelial carcinoma who had been treated with mitomycin-C. Only 6 cases (20.7%) had presented symptoms and signs compatible with acute cystitis. The remaining patients had been diagnosed histopathologically by routine follow-up bladder biopsy. Urine cytology revealed abundant eosinophils in 58.6% of the patients with eosinophilic cystitis while urine culture was negative for all patients. No patient had a previous history of allergy or asthma. We discuss the possible etiopathogenic mechanisms of this rare nosologic entity, the relationship to the immune system and the role of the foregoing in the capacity to control urothelial carcinoma locally.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic hemorrhagic cystitis induced by cyclophosphamide in dermatomyositis refractory to corticosteroid treatment].

Dermatomyositis was diagnosed at age 7 years to a fourteen year old female. The disease was unresponsive to high doses of prednisone, so she was treated with oral cyclophosphamide 0.8 mg.kg.day (25 mg.m2) but treatment was withheld after sixteen weeks because of hemorrhagic cystitis and changed to azathioprine for two years, which resulted in complete remission of dermatomyositis. Nevertheless silent microscopic hematuria persisted and chronic cystitis was demonstrated by cystoscopy and vesical biopsy at age 13 years. In this case chronic cystitis developed earlier and at lower doses of cyclophosphamide than in other previously reported cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[A case of emphysematous cystitis with familial amyloidosis].

This is a report of the thirteenth known case in Japan of emphysematous cystitis. A 70-year-old man visited our hospital because of pollakisuria and macrohematuria on November 21, 1989. The patient had been known to have familiar amyloid polyneuropathy for the previous 3 years. Urinalysis showed marked hematopyuria. The residual urine was 216 cc, and urine cultures yielded 10,000,000 colonies of Escherichia coli per ml. Laboratory studies revealed systemic inflammatory findings, but no diabetic change. A plain X-ray film of the abdomen and an excretory urogram (DIP) showed small linear and round gas collections in the bladder shadow. A CT scan revealed multiple gas locules within the bladder wall. A diagnosis of emphysematous cystitis was established. The patient was given antibiotics, and there was striking clinical improvement. Histological examination of the endoscopically obtained biopsy specimen of the bladder revealed amyloidosis. We believe that this patient had a cystitis emphysematosa precipitated neurogenic bladder due to amyloid polyneuropathy and amyloidosis of the bladder.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Bladder irrigation does not prevent haemorrhagic cystitis in bone marrow transplant recipients.

Thirty-four patients receiving allogeneic bone marrow transplants as treatment for haematological malignancy were prospectively randomized to receive or not to receive bladder irrigation by indwelling urinary catheter during preparation for transplant. Twenty-two patients received busulphan and cyclophosphamide, four received busulphan, cyclophosphamide and irradiation, and eight received cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation. The actuarial incidence of haemorrhagic cystitis in those randomized to receive bladder irrigation was 48% for the whole group and 52% in those receiving busulphan and cyclophosphamide only. In those randomized not to receive bladder irrigation the incidence of haemorrhagic cystitis was 29% for the overall group and 38% in those receiving busulphan and cyclophosphamide. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. We conclude that bladder irrigation does not minimize the risk of haemorrhagic cystitis in this patient population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[A case of emphysematous cystitis].

Emphysematous cystitis is a rare but interesting disease. A case is reported of cystitis emphysema with acute pyelonephritis and uncontrolled diabetes. The patient was a 54-year-old woman complaining of gross hematuria and fever. A submucosa emphysema in bladder was found by cystoscopy . Radiography showed the gas around the bladder. The patient was administered antibiotics, then symptoms was improved. We reviewed 12 cases of emphysematous cystitis reported in Japan and summarized the pathophysiologic features of this entity.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Cytomorphologic features of antiallergic drug-induced eosinophilic cystitis with bronchial asthma.

The cytomorphologic features of voided urine specimens from two patients with antiallergic drug (Tranilast)-induced eosinophilic cystitis are described. The urothelial cells tend to occur in clusters and are of variable size. The remarkable vacuolization is observed in the cytoplasm. The markedly vacuolated cytoplasm which may be infiltrated by polymorpho-nuclear leucocytes is unremarkable. Some nuclei usually show transparent center surrounded by a rim of chromatin. The nucleoli are prominent. Marked vacuoles in the nucleus is observed. These findings are very important cytomorphologic characteristics for differential diagnosis between eosinophilic cystitis and malignant bladder tumor and cystitis due to bacterial infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Late onset hemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

Three patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia, thalassemia major and aplastic anemia experienced hemorrhagic cystitis on the 23rd, 35th and 36th day respectively after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. The conditioning regimens before transplantation comprised cyclophosphamide with or without busulfan and total lymphoid irradiation. The hematuria lasted from 5 to 45 days and then subsided after treatment. Multiple factors including the toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents, viral infection and graft-versus-host reactions may contribute to late onset hemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Adequate treatment to minimize urothelial damage from chemotherapy, screening for viral infection and controlling graft-versus-host disease are mandatory in decreasing the complication of late-onset hemorrhagic cystitis after bone marrow transplantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The dysuria syndrome. Significance of urethral diameter for recurrent bacterial cystitis in the female].

Internal urethrotomy is still used in female patients for the prophylactic treatment of recurrent bacterial cystitis as well as for sterile dysuric voiding disorders. 72% of the bacterial cystitis group (n = 18) remained uninfected during the 1st year after the treatment. 60% of the women with sterile dysuria complaints reported a significant improvement after the surgical procedure. The success is most possibly due to improved urodynamic conditions. The necessity of urethrotomy in patients with recurrent bacterial cystitis is discussed. The etiology of sterile dysuric voiding disorders however remains unclear.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Loss of blood group ABO-related antigen expression in urothelium from patients with chronic cystitis.

A panel of mouse monoclonal antibodies was used to determine the expression of blood group ABH-related antigens carried by type 1 chain (H, Lea, Leb, ALed, ALeb) and type 2 chain (N-acetyllactosamine, H, Lex, Ley, A/ALey) core structures in biopsies of urothelium from patients with chronic cystitis. The biopsies originated from 17 individuals (9 A1, 7 H, 1 B) who had Le(a-b+) erythrocytes, and who were saliva secretors. Microscopic examination showed a variable extent of edema, hyperemia, bleeding, and infiltration. The expression of blood group antigens was determined in the 3 cell layers of urothelium by an indirect peroxidase method and compared with previous results from normal urothelium. Type 1 and type 2 chain A antigens and type 1 chain H antigens were deleted from urothelium in a significant (p less than 0.05) number of patients with chronic cystitis, and Lea (partly sialylated) expression was extended from the luminal cell layer to all cell layers. Antigen expression was independent of the presence or absence of polymorphonuclear cells in the infiltrate. In the basal cell layer of 44% of patients with chronic cystitis total deletion of type 1 and type 2 chain antigen expression was dominating. Both type 1 and type 2 chain antigens gradually appeared toward the luminal cell layer. The findings are parallel to some of those observed in transitional cell carcinomas, and should be taken into consideration when evaluating ABH deletion in carcinomas.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1989

Immunopathology of interstitial cystitis.

This study describes histologic, ultrastructural, and immunofluorescence microscopy findings of cystoscopically directed biopsies of lesional tissue and uninvolved bladder from 308 patients with chronic interstitial cystitis (IC) and no evidence of infection, collagen vascular, or other systemic disease. The majority of cases exhibited strong urothelial cell staining for immunoglobulin A (IgA), which was focal or diffusely involved all layers of the epithelium. Electron microscopy revealed widening of the interstitium between urothelial cells, which may explain leakage of IgA into the urine in cystitis patients. Staining for fibrinogen and IgA was present both in lesional biopsies and uninvolved bladder tissue, suggesting a response to injury affecting the entire bladder urothelium. A minor patient population with idiopathic IC revealed granular IgM (with or without C3) in vessel walls of the lamina propria, suggesting immune complex disease. Ultrastructural evidence of vascular damage included necrosis of endothelial cells, fibrin deposition, and reduplication of basement membranes. Staining for IgE correlated with presence of mast cells and was present in less than 2% of cases, indicating that these cells do not play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of the disease. In the majority of patients with IC mucosal staining for IgA and fibrinogen was a characteristic pattern representing increased IgA secretion and a reaction pattern to injury of unknown cause. A subgroup of patients had evidence of vascular damage and immune complex disease. This study therefore defines two main reaction patterns in interstitial cystitis, which may have implications on prognosis and therapy of the disorder.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Emphysematous cystitis].

Emphysematous cystitis constitutes an uncommon clinical radiological entity. (Approximately 160 cases in the literature). We offer five cases of emphysematous cystitis, all of which occurred in women aged 60-80 (X = 74.2). All of them except one proved to be known diabetics and the glycemia figures at the time of being attended were above the limits of normality. In no case was pneumaturia observed, and the main symptoms displayed were those of the cystitis type together with pain in the hypogastrium and macroscopic hematuria. Simple abdomen radiology was the diagnosis procedure in all cases. The treatment applied permitted the favourable evolution and resolution of the process.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of female acute cystitis with a single dose of cefminox].

Thirty six female patients with acute cystitis were treated with one shot intravenous injection of 1 g cefminox. Clinical efficacy was evaluated based on extent of subjective symptoms, pyuria and bacteriuria. Of 36 patients, an excellent efficacy was shown in 32 cases, moderate in 3 cases and poor in 1 case. This poor case was diagnosed as complicated urinary tract infection because of right vesicoureteral reflux. Therefore, the overall effectiveness rate of this treatment for acute uncomplicated cystitis in women was 100%. Single dose chemotherapy with an adequate antibiotic is considered a useful treatment for female acute cystitis.

Acute Disease↗