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Results for “Color Vision Defects”

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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The 1976 accident experience of civilian pilots with static physical defects.

The 1974 and 1975 aircraft accident experiences of civilian pilots with eight selected static physical defects have been examined and reorted previously. Three categories--blindness or absence of either eye, deficient color vision with a waiver, and deficient distant vision--had significantly more accidents than were expected on the basis of observed-to-expected ratios. In 1975, accident rates were calculated. The rates for air men with blindness or absence of an eye were still found to be significantly higher. Observed-to-expected ratios for 1976 were 1.91 for deficient color vision with a waiver, 1.28 for contact lens users, 1.37 for blindness or absence of either eye, and 1.62 for deficient distant vision. The accident rates per 100,000 h of cumulative and last 6 months' flying experience were significantly greater for contact lens users and monocular pilots than for the active airman population. The other groups had no consistently significant differences.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vision screening in a national sample of 11-year-old children.

This report describes the results of vision screening carried out by local health authorities on a national sample of 11-year-old schoolchildren using a standard Snellen chart. Of the 12 772 children tested, 78% had an unaided distant visual acuity of 6/6 or better in both eyes (optimal vision), 10% had a distant visual acuity of 6/9 in the worse or both eyes (near-optimal vision) and 12% had a visual acuity of 6/12 or worse in one or both eyes eyes (definite visual defect). In addition, near visual acuity was tested for 12 737 children and 5% were found to have defective near vision. Glasses had been prescribed for current use in 12% of children but a quarter of those prescribed glasses did not have them available at the time of the test. Testing revealed that 22% of children whose glasses were available had optimal or near-optimal unaided distant vision, the number increasing to 98% when retested wearing glasses. In contrast, 43% of the children who were without their glasses had optimal or near-optimal vision; 27% had a bilateral defect. Amongst the children for whom glasses had not been prescribed 4-6% had a visual defect. A higher proportion of children from non-manual family background than from manual family background had visual impairment and had been prescribed glasses, but there was no significant social class difference amongst the children with visual defects for whom no glasses had been prescribed. A defect of red/green colour vision was recorded in 6% of boys and 1% of girls. The proportion of children with poor visual acuity was similar in the group of children with defective colour vision and the group with normal colour vision.

Child↗
PubMed1997

[Impairment of color vision in glaucoma].

The paper presents the historical evolution of knowledge about colour vision impairment in glaucoma, to the point where a peculiar type of chromatic disability has been delineated. Unlike other acquired defects, that of glaucoma implies predominantly the tritan axis, has a precocious onset and parallels the functional deficit of cones. Short-wave cones are predominantly affected. It is useful to associate colour vision tests with PEV and perimetry in investigating glaucoma at early stages.

Color Perception Tests↗
PubMed2006

Longitudinal cohort study of patients with birdshot chorioretinopathy II: color vision at baseline.

PURPOSE: To describe color vision at the baseline examination of 80 participants in a longitudinal cohort study of birdshot chorioretinopathy and to identify relationships between color vision and visual acuity, symptoms, and ophthalmic signs. DESIGN: Single center cross-sectional study. METHODS: Color vision was evaluated with the desaturated Lanthony 15-Hue test. Relationships were sought between the square root of the color confusion scores (CCS) and the following factors: best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), symptoms, cataract, vitreous inflammatory reactions, retinal vasculitis, cystoid macular edema (CME), and birdshot lesion characteristics. RESULTS: When compared with published, age-matched normal control subjects, 49 patients (61.3%; 76 eyes [47.5%]) had abnormal CCS values. Abnormal CCS values were found in nine of 51 phakic eyes (18%) with normal BCVA (>or=1.0) and without cataract. Although most eyes did not have classifiable defects, 30 eyes (18.8%) had tritan (blue-yellow) defects (88% of eyes with classifiable defects). With the use of multivariate analyses, there were significant associations between increased CCS values and the symptoms of altered color vision (P = .005) and altered contrast sensitivity (P = .015). There was a significant, but weak, relationship between CCS values and birdshot lesion morphologic condition (P = .049), but no relationships were found with other lesion characteristics or with vitreous inflammatory reactions, retinal vasculitis, or CME. CONCLUSION: The Lanthony 15-Hue test provides an objective technique to assess complaints of altered color vision in people with birdshot chorioretinopathy. Color vision can be abnormal in eyes with normal visual acuity; therefore, this parameter may be useful as an additional measure for monitoring the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

An averaging method for the interpretation of the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue Test--II. Colour vision defects acquired in diabetic retinopathy.

The Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue test is frequently used to assess acquired colour vision defects. In diabetic retinopathy the acquired defect is a mild or severe type III (Tritan) defect which may be coupled with poor overall hue discrimination. In consequence, error scores are often high and the 100-Hue polar diagram is difficult to interpret. In this study the averaging method of analysis proposed by Dain and Birch is used to examine 120 100-Hue plots obtained by patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. These plots have either moderate (150-300) or high error scores (greater than 300). The method of analysis is found to be effective in determining whether a Tritan defect is present or not.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Empirical detection of congenital dyschromatopsia by electroretinography.

The electroretinographic rapid off-response, composed mainly of the late receptor potential of cones, is found to be abnormal in all protans and deutans so far tested. The rapid off-response can thus be used as an objective measure in the diagnosis of congenital red-green colour defect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Application of the spatiochromatic visual evoked potential to detection of congenital and acquired color-vision deficiencies.

Visual evoked potentials were recorded in response to spatiochromatic stimuli modulated in different directions in cone-activation color space from subjects with congenital and acquired color defects. This technique was effective for detection and classification of both mild and severe forms of congenital deficits. Results suggest that the visual evoked potential is useful for early identification of color abnormalities in acquired deficits such as diabetes and that it is sensitive enough to detect regional retinal losses of sensitivity (e.g., as in central serous choroidopathy). The spatiochromatic visual evoked potential provides a systematic and sensitive indication of different color-vision anomalies.

Adult↗