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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Bronchoscopic location of bronchopleural fistula with xenon-133.

Successful application of the technique of transbronchoscopic endobronchial occlusion of a persistent bronchopleural fistula requires an accurate determination of the segmental location of the air leak. This was achieved by injections of small boluses of Xe-133 into a number of segmental bronchi through a fiber-optic bronchoscope. Following the instillation of Xe-133 into the segmental bronchus leading to the fistula, there was a marked increase in radioactivity in the intercostal drainage tube.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Intralesional injection of BCG using the fibreoptic bronchoscope in the treatment of bronchogenic carcinoma.

Current evidence suggests that the most effective administration of BCG immunotherapy is by the intralesional route. The new technique and complications of BCG intralesional injection of bronchogenic carcinomas via the fibreoptic bronchoscope is described. Seventeen patients with irresectable bronchogenic carcinoma have been treated with chemotherapy and BCG intralesional immunotherapy. Side-effects observed with intralesional BCG injection are: fever, hypotension and transient mild disturbances of liver function tests, and a single episode of granulomatous hepatitis. Early clinical improvement (nine patients) and radiological regression of the tumour (six patients) have been observed. Cavitation of the tumour has also been observed in three patients. Long term results are not yet available.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis with coincidental thoracic injury. Successful bronchoalveolar lavage with a modified fiberoptic bronchoscope].

A 65-year-old laborer suffered thoracic injury in an accident. Ribs were fractured and chest X-ray films showed coincidental ground-glass, like opacities in both lung fields. CT indicated the possibility of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, which was confirmed by histological examination of the specimen obtained during therapeutic bronchoalveolar lavage. A modified fiberoptic bronchoscope with a wedge device was used for segmental bronchoalveolar lavage. The wedge derice on a pediatric flexible fiberoptic bronchosiope allowed irrigation of six independent pulmonary segments, with no complication. Six months after discharge, the patient had no evidence of relapse.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The value of cytologic and bacteriologic analysis of bronchoscopic specimens with direct microscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis].

The authors review results for detection of acid-fast bacilli by the method of direct fluorescent microscopy in cytologic specimens obtained by fiberbronchoscopy and in which a granulomatous inflammation was found cytomorphologically. Direct fluorescent microscopy revealed acid-fast bacilli in 30.2% of the specimens. In 10.2% of the patients, acid-fast bacilli detected by fluorescent microscopy were the only positive bacteriological findings which confirmed tuberculosis. The authors suggest this method for all those patients in whose bronchoscopic specimens, suspected cases of tuberculosis infection could be established cytomorphologically.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1994

[Bronchoscopic classification in sarcoidosis].

Retrospective analysis in sixty-six patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis: thirty-two males and thirty-four females according to bronchoscopic finding was performed and classified five types in patients with sarcoidosis. Type 1: normal findings. Type 2: prominent vascular change of the mucosa, beyond the bronchial cartilage ring. Type 2 was further divided into two subtypes. 2a: simple increase vascularity. (mucosal vessels run parallel to cricoid cartilage. 2b: irregular vessels. Type 3: sarcoido nodular lesions. Type 4: plaque present. Type 5: deformity of bronchial walls. Eleven type 1 cases were observed (16.7%), and forty-two type 2 cases, including twenty-two type 2a cases (33.3%), twenty type 2b cases (30.3%), There were nineteen type 3 cases observed (28.8%), seven type 4 cases (10.6%), and seven type 5 cases (10.6%).

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Multiple primary lung cancers: radiographic and bronchoscopic diagnosis.

The article reports a review of 1140 cases of primary lung cancer diagnosed between 1974 and 1987 (13-year period) to examine the clinicopathologic features of multiple primary lung cancer. The following criteria were used: There were no malignant tumors in other organs; the tumors were separate or located in different lobes; the tumors were of different histologic types; if the histologic types were similar, there was no carcinoma in the common lymphatics of any tumors and no extrapulmonary metastases at the time of diagnosis. The following results were obtained. The incidence was 1.2% (14 of 1140 cases); 11 patients were heavy smokers; the most common histologic type was squamous cell carcinoma, and the combination of two squamous cell carcinomas was most common; 12 cases were bilateral, and 11 cases were synchronous; 19 tumors were diagnosed by bronchoscopic biopsy; 9 patients with bilateral tumors received chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical study of tuberculous pleuritis, diagnosed by thoracoscopy using flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope].

Examination by thoracoscopy, using flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope, was performed in 43 patients with pleural effusion according to our reported method. In these patients, 14 cases were diagnosed as tuberculous pleuritis. These 14 cases were investigated with respect to clinical and thoracoscopic findings. Their mean age was 38.1 years, and 11 cases were younger than 50 years old (78.5%). The male:female ratio was 2/1. Clinical symptoms recognised were fever (100%), cough (64.2%), chest oppression (50%) and sputum (35.7%). In 5 cases, gastrointestinal symptoms were recognized such as vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Tuberculin reaction was positive in all patients with tuberculous pleuritis on admission. With respect to the thoracoscopic findings of tuberculous pleuritis, yellow-white miliary granulomas were observed on the parietal pleura in 12 cases (85.7%), and this characteristic finding was especially observed at the apex. Biopsy specimens, obtained from these miliary granulomas on the parietal pleura showed histological findings of tubercles. In the other 2 cases, generalized reddening of the entire parietal pleura was observed, with no yellow-white miliary granulomas. Biopsy specimens obtained from the reddened lesions on the parietal pleura showed histological findings of tubercles, and these 2 cases were also diagnosed as tuberculous pleuritis. These results indicate that this method may be very useful for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis in patients with pleural effusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Bronchoscopic diagnosis of central peribronchial lung cancer in silicosis and silicotuberculosis].

Examination of 315 lung cancer patients with silicosis or silicotuberculosis gave grounds for recognition of 3 variants of bronchial stenosis. The efficacy of bronchoscopic techniques was related both to anatomic variant of the tumor and primary tumor position against the involved bronchus lumen. Central peribronchial cancer in silicosis and silicotuberculosis has specific features: combination of true tumor stenosis with false rigidity of the trachea and large bronchi, advanced scar anthracotic deformity of the bronchi and diffuse atrophy of bronchial mucosa, distinctive pattern of metastatic spreading.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Surgical bronchoscopic interventions (author's transl)].

The author reports about he indications, procedures and results of surgical bronchoscopic interventions in 10 patients with bronchial papilloma due to broncholithiasis, primary amyloid tumor, tracheal adenoma, oesophageal carcinoma perforated into the trachea, bronchial chondroma, tracheal haemangioma, bronchoadenitis tuberculosis perforans, broncholithiasis majoris gradus. Patient's history of 4 cases is demonstrated in detail.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Bronchoscopic, photodynamic, and laser diagnosis and therapy of lung neoplasms.

The use of lasers in the diagnosis and treatment of lung neoplasms has just surpassed a 20-year experience. This paper reviews recent developments in the use of lasers in the palliative treatment of advanced tracheobronchial tumors and pleural mesothelioma. The role of bronchoscopic laser therapy relative to other endobronchial treatment modalities such as stent placement and brachytherapy is presented. Finally, the potential use of lasers in photodetection and curative treatment of early lung cancer is discussed.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1997

Bronchoscopic biopsy techniques in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer.

In a review of the bronchoscopic biopsy techniques currently available for the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer, the author individually analyses the sampling instruments and procedures used in cancer of the central airways, peripheral lung lesions, and in the study of hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes. With regard to central bronchial lesions, data concerning diagnostic yield, the advantages and limits of forceps biopsy, brushing, washing and transbronchial needle aspiration are reported. With the integration of two or more of the sampling methods, a cytohistological diagnosis can be obtained in almost all cases. In the field of peripheral lung cancer, the diagnostic possibilities of the transbronchial approach are described. The experience of the Regional Hospital of Ancona, Italy on 1,027 patients affected by peripheral pulmonary nodules or masses is reported. The biopsy technique is based on the integration of transbronchial (using forceps biopsy and transbronchial needle aspiration) and percutaneous approaches, and on a team approach with the close co-operation of a pulmonologist, a radiologist and a cytopathologist, all simultaneously present in the diagnostic suite during the procedures. On the basis of the results obtained, the author suggests that, in peripheral pulmonary lesions, the transbronchial approach should generally be performed before the percutaneous needle aspirate, especially in patients who are candidates for surgery. The transbronchial approach has the advantages of allowing an examination of the tracheobronchial tree and staging of lymph nodes with a lower incidence of complications. In addition, the diagnostic yield of transbronchial needle aspiration in the study of hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes is analysed. This method, if positive, plays a major role in the staging of lung cancer and makes it possible to avoid unnecessary surgical procedures. Knowledge of the advantages and limits of different sampling instruments and procedures, and of their integration, is essential to optimize the diagnostic management of each patient with lung cancer. The goal is to maximize the diagnostic possibilities whilst minimizing risk and reducing costs.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1998

[A case of refractory pulmonary fistula, managed with bronchoscopic therapy using occluding spiral embolus].

We report a successful case of bronchoscopic therapy using occluding spiral embolus and fibrin glue for refractory pulmonary fistula. A 22-year-old female underwent left lower lobectomy for giant bulla of the lung. Air leakage began 6 days after lobectomy. Closing alveolar fistula was performed 12 days after first operation. Relapsing air leakage began 4 days after second operation. Bronchography revealed a fistula from left B1+2c. The insertion of embolus through bronchofiberscope, following administration of fibrin glue, was performed to close the fistula. This method is effective for refractory pulmonary fistula.

Adult↗