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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Mammary tumor growth inhibition in C3H/He mice by long-term Bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunoprophylaxis versus enhancement by primary Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy.

The effects of long-term prophylactic use of and the effects of treatments with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and methanol extraction residue of BCG have been compared in C3H/He mice implanted with the immunogenic syngeneic mammary carcinoma MC2. The effect of long-term BCG treatment on the development of spontaneous mammary tumors was also investigated. Enhanced resistance to primary tumor development and MC2 growth was only seen in groups of mice that had received long-term pretreatments with BCG or methanol extraction residue of BCG. A negative effect of BCG treatment on host resistance was seen in animals that were given their first injection of BCG and received their first MC2 implant at the same time. Previous immunization against BCG or against MC2 prevented detectable impairment of host resistance by BCG treatment. These observations suggest that the initial phase of BCG infection may have a negative effect on the development of an immune response against cancer. Prolonged, multidose prophylactic administration of BCG may be required to achieve enhanced protection.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1995

A randomized study of intravesical mitomycin C, bacillus Calmette-Guerin Tice and bacillus Calmette-Guerin RIVM treatment in pTa-pT1 papillary carcinoma and carcinoma in situ of the bladder.

Results of a randomized prospective study are reported in which mitomycin C, Tice bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and RIVM-BCG were compared in 437 patients with primary or recurrent pTa and pT1 bladder tumors, including carcinoma in situ. The followup (or time in study) varied from 2 to 81 months (mean 36 months). After complete transurethral resection of all visible tumors the patients were treated with 30 mg. mitomycin C once a week for 4 consecutive weeks and thereafter every month for a total of 6 months, and 5 x 10(8) colony-forming units Tice BCG or RIVM-BCG once a week for 6 consecutive weeks. For papillary tumors mitomycin C and RIVM-BCG treatments were equally effective (p = 0.53), and mitomycin C was more effective than Tice BCG therapy (p = 0.01).

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1996

Update on the Dutch Cooperative Trial: mitomycin versus bacillus Calmette-Guérin-Tice versus bacillus Calmette-Guérin RIVM in the treatment of patients with pTA-pT1 papillary carcinoma and carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder. Dutch South East Cooperative Urological Group.

Prophylactic intravesical treatment with chemotherapeutic agents or one of the different strains of the immunomodulator bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) reduces tumor recurrence and may prevent progression after transurethral resection (TUR) of superficial bladder cancer. Clinical and pathological prognostic factors are used to categorize different groups at risk for disease recurrence and progression. Solitary low-grade (G1, 2A), low-stage (pTa) tumors have less than a 5% risk of progression, while pT1 G3 tumors with concomitant carcinoma in situ (CIS) have a considerably higher risk of progression and metastases. Thus, prospective clinical trials should consider the different risks associated with different prognostic groups and stratify patients accordingly. The Dutch Cooperative Trial evaluated mitomycin versus BCG-Tice versus BCG-RIVM in 469 patients with pTA/pT1 carcinoma and CIS of the urinary bladder after TUR. Of 437 evaluable patients, 50 had CIS, 254 had pTA tumors, and 133 had pT1 tumors. No statistical differences were observed in toxicity between the two strains of BCG, but local and systemic side effects were more frequent in the BCG groups versus the mitomycin group. No differences in response rate were observed between the 3 treatment groups in patients with CIS. A statistically significant difference in favor of mitomycin was seen, however, in patients with papillary tumors. Mitomycin and BCG-RIVM were equally effective, and mitomycin proved significantly more effective than BCG-Tice. No significant difference in efficacy was observed between the two strains of BCG. Disease recurrence during the study in patients with papillary tumors was seen in 43% of mitomycin-treated patients, 64% of the BCG-Tice group, and 46% of patients treated with BCG-Rivm. However, a subgroup analysis for time to first recurrence for pTa versus pT1 and for grade 1 and 2 versus grade 3 papillary tumors showed no statistically significant between-group difference. Further studies comparing identical regimens, doses, and patient groups are needed to define more clearly which patient groups and tumors are more likely to respond to intravesical therapy.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

Functional characteristics of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipases C from Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis.

Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C was purified from the culture medium of B. thuringiensis to high specific activity using a procedure we recently described for purification of PI-PLC from B. cereus (Volwerk et al. (1989) J. Cell. Biochem. 39, 315-325). The purified enzymes from B. thuringiensis and B. cereus have similar specific activities towards hydrolysis of the membrane lipid phosphatidylinositol, and also towards hydrolysis of the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-containing membrane anchor of bovine erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase. These results indicate very similar catalytic properties for the structurally homologous PI-specific phospholipases C secreted by these bacilli.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1998

SASP (small, acid-soluble spore proteins) and spore properties in Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis and Bacillus sphaericus.

Entomopathogenic bacilli B. thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) and B. sphaericus (Bf) exhibit low survival on field application. It was previously shown that their spores are very sensitive to different stress effectors (heat, UV light) and especially to osmotic variations. Since SASP (Small, Acid-Soluble Spore Proteins), alpha/beta and gamma type, are involved in spore tolerance to heat, UV light, peroxide, and salt, they were analyzed in Bti and Bf. The molecular weight, migration pattern and amino acid composition of different SASP were determined and compared with other bacilli, in particular to B. subtilis. A relation between spore osmotolerance, SASP content, and amino acid composition was shown. In addition, the absence of gamma SASP in Bti and Bf is discussed.

Bacillus↗