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At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

MRA imaging of arterial patency in undialyzed uremic patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans.

Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) was performed on 13 undialyzed patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) (serum creatinine concentrations: 4.0 +/- 0.6 mg/dL) who were suspected of having arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) due to symptoms and/or physical findings. In the 13 patients studied, MRA images of 10 patients exhibited stenosis or occlusion of iliac arteries, femoral arteries, a vertebral artery, or a carotid artery, indicating the presence of ASO. Four asymptomatic patients were diagnosed as having ASO by MRA. MRA showed ASO findings which were exactly the same as those shown by conventional angiography in one patient, suggesting that MRA is in good agreement with conventional angiography for evaluating arterial patency. Our study showed that MRA can reveal arterial patency in patients with CRF. MRA seems to be most suitable for patients with CRF to diagnose ASO, avoiding contrast nephropathy and acute deterioration of renal failure.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Cerebral infarction and asymptomatic arteriosclerosis obliterans in the elderly].

We examined the associations between cerebral infarction (CI), asymptomatic arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO), and known risk factors for these diseases. The subjects were 67 elderly patients (11 men and 56 women, mean +/- SD age of 79.6 +/- 8.5 years). in 44 patients CI was diagnosed by CT scan; 23 were classified as having cortical infarction and 21 as having lacunar infarction. In 41 patients asymptomatic ASO was diagnosed by an ankle-pressure index (API) of less than 0.9. To identify risk factors for these diseases, we examined the association among these diseases and hypertension (blood pressure > or = 140/90 mmHg), hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol concentration > or = 220 mg/dl), hypertriglyceridemia (triglyceride concentration > or = 150 mg/dl), low HDL-cholesterolemia (HDL-C concentration < 40 mg/dl), high LDL-cholesterolemia (LDL-C concentration > or = 150 mg/dl), and glucose intolerance (fasting blood sugar concentration > or = 110 mg/dl). The incidence of asymptomatic ASO in the subjects with CI was significantly higher than that in the subjects without CI (chi 2 test; p < 0.05, odds ratio 6.4), including cortical infarction (p < 0.05, odds ratio 8.9) and lacunar infarction (p < 0.05, odds ratio 3.8). Patients with lacunar infarction were more likely to have hypertension than were controls (p < 0.05). Cortical infarction was not associated with these risk factors. Both low HDL-C and high LDL-G were more common in patients with asymptomatic ASO than patients without asymptomatic ASO (p < 0.05). These results indicate that CI and asymptomatic ASO are strongly associated in the elderly, especially in subjects with cortical infarction, and that aging itself contributes to cortical infarction.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[A case of mild-type myotonic dystrophy with dementia and severe arteriosclerosis obliterans].

A 70-year-old man, with mild-type myotonic dystrophy (MyD) diagnosed by molecular genetic analysis when he was 68 years old, complained of worsening intermittent claudication during the past 2 years. Doppler examination revealed severe stenosis and obstruction in his leg arteries, which we diagnosed as arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). We then found him to be suffering from dementia, which was confirmed by dementia scale tests (Mini Mental State, 20/30; Hasegawas' Dementia Scale-Revision, 15/30). Even in mild-type MyD, as MyD is one of the progeria syndromes, the abnormal genes of MyD may accelerate the aging processes.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical findings of arteriosclerosis and serum lipoprotein(a) concentration in elderly patients].

This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between arteriosclerosis and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] from the point of view of aging. A total of 354 patients (167 men) aged 60 or more were enrolled and serum Lp(a) levels, vascular risks, and complications were studied. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to age: group I (n = 73: aged 60 to 69), group II (n = 144: aged 70-79), and group III (n = 137: aged 80 or more). Vascular complications were assessed by carotid ultrasonography (US), ECG, and ankle pressure index (API), US findings were stratified according to the distribution of plaque lesions in unilateral and bilateral lesions, while plaque types were subdivided based on the morphology and US echogenicity. Male patients with risk factors (diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, cigarette smoking) as well as stroke were frequent in group I, indicating some selection bias. However, there was no difference in Lp(a) level among the three groups. Carotid lesions, especially bilateral lesions with more thickened plaques, and low API were both significantly frequent in group III. Logistic regression analysis showed that carotid lesions were influenced not only by aging, but also independently by high Lp(a) levels in group III, and by hypertension in group II. A high Lp(a) level was related to hypercholesterolemia and hypoechoic plaque. These findings indicated that atherosclerosis, which developed in both the carotid and peripheral arteries with aging, was related to different risks in each decade of life. Furthermore, it seems that a long period of high Lp(a) levels may promote the formation of hypoechoic plaque.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities in lower-extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans.

The prevalence of abnormal lipid and lipoprotein values was determined in 125 consecutive patients with lower-extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans, and the lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities in these patients were characterized. Only 13% of the patients had normal lipid/lipoprotein profiles. Forty-eight percent of patients had low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol values were lower in patients with concomitant coronary heart disease compared with those without heart disease. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol values were inversely related to weight, to triglyceride values, and to diabetes mellitus. Twenty-eight percent of patients had "desirable" total cholesterol levels (< 200 mg/dL), and 32% had low-density lipoprotein cholesterol values less than 130 mg/dL. Following National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines may be misleading in patients with documented lower-extremity atherosclerosis; therefore, complete lipid/lipoprotein profiles should be performed in these patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Low-density lipoprotein apheresis in a patient with arteriosclerosis obliterans and light chain deposition disease.

A 49-year-old women with arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) complicated with light chain deposition disease (LCDD) is described. Renal biopsy showed a diffuse mesangial nodular lesion and tubulointerstitial changes. Congo red and lambda light chain staining were negative; however, the kappa light chain was positive in both glomeruli and tubular basement membranes by immunostaining. Using electron microscopy, electron-dense materials were found within glomerular basement membrane, mesangium and tubular basement membrane. The patient had renal dysfunction and nephrotic syndrome with progressive skin ulcers in the left leg. The patient was diagnosed as ASO with LCDD. She received low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis once weekly for 10 consecutive weeks. Serum total cholesterol and phospholipid levels were decreased, and serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels also tended to decline after treatment. Urinary protein excretion was reduced markedly, and hypoalbuminemia was also improved. Ischemic symptoms including leg pain and leg coldness and numbness improved after apheresis. The walking distance increased on a treadmill. The skin temperature was increased from 33.8 degrees C to 35.5 degrees C after apheresis and the skin ulcers were also improved. Plasma nitric oxide (NO) levels were increased from 66.0 microM/l to 88.0 microM/l and plasma endothelin (ET)-1 levels were decreased from 14.5 pg/ml to 5.8 pg/ml after apheresis. LDL apheresis was effective in ameliorating hyperlipidemia, massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia and high serum creatinine levels in an LCDD patient with nephrotic syndrome. Furthermore, we showed beneficial effects of LDL apheresis on skin ulcers due to ischemia in an ASO patient complicated with LCDD.

Arteriosclerosis Obliterans↗
PubMed1994

Expression of c-fms on smooth muscle cells isolated from experimental arteriosclerosis.

In the present study, we demonstrated gene transcription of c-fms in smooth muscle cells isolated from an experimental rabbit model of arteriosclerosis (intimal smooth muscle cells), although there was no gene transcription of c-fms detected in medial smooth muscle cells. On immunocytochemical analysis, both types of smooth muscle cells similarly reacted with an antibody specific to muscle cells (HHF 35), but did not react with an antibody specific to rabbit macrophages (RAM 11). Intimal smooth muscle cells bound to acetylated LDL and resulting foam cell formation was observed. In response to M-CSF, an increased rate of cell proliferation was observed in intimal smooth muscle cells, but not in medial smooth muscle cells. These results indicated that intimal smooth muscle cells have monocyte-macrophages characteristics such as the expression of c-fms and scavenger receptor gene.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Ruptured distal aortic arch aneurysm associated with arteriosclerosis obliterans.

A 73-year-old man with a ruptured distal aortic arch aneurysm into the pericardial space, mediastinum and right pleural space is described. The patient underwent a successful total aortic arch replacement using deep hypothermia, systemic circulatory arrest and selective cerebral perfusion. Extracorporeal circulation was established with right axillar arterial perfusion due to arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). Presentation and management are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical study on treatment of arteriosclerosis obliterans using huangqi tongmai decoction].

OBJECTIVE: To test and verify the effects of Huangqi Tongmai Decoction (HQTMI) regulating blood lipid in treating arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). METHODS: Thirty-two cases of ASO was treated with HQTMD for two months. The drug was in water decoction, oral taken. RESULTS: Compared with the blood lipid level before treatment, the high density lipoprotein of cholesterol (HDL-C) was increased, the low density lipoprotein of cholesterol (LDL-C), atherogenic index (AI) was decreased (P < 0.01). The serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), very low density lipoprotein of cholesterol (VLDL), apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) were all changed (P < 0.05). apoA1/apoB100 ratio increased. CONCLUSION: HQTMD could regulate blood lipid. This method was effective in treating ASO.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Aortic prolyl hydroxylase and the development of arteriosclerosis in the female breeder rat.

Female breeder rats develop arteriosclerosis spontaneously. The primary lesions seen in the early stages of the disease consist of subintimal and adjacent medial ground substance accumulations. With repeated breeding there is extensive elastolysis and calcification in the aorta. In aortae with developing arterial disease, prolyl hydroxylase activity is elevated as is both aortic protein and hydroxyproline, indicative of increased collagen deposition associated with the sclerotic degeneration. As the disease becomes very severe, however, prolyl hydroxylase activity declines, possibly associated with decreased metabolic activity in the severely calcified aorta. Lactation, followed by forced weaning, may condition the development or arterial disease through effect on collagen metabolism. During the first breeding cycle, aortic prolyl hydroxylase activity is elevated for 5 to 10 days after weaning. This increased collagen metabolism in the aorta may be a primary event in the development of the advanced calcific lesions characteristic of the lesions in breeder rats, and may be affected by hormones associated with different phases of the reproductive cycle.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Angiotensin and arteriosclerosis: an approach from transgenic and knockout mice].

This brief review was designed to summarize the relationship between the renin-angiotensin system and arteriosclerosis. Tsukuba hypertensive mice (THM) carrying both the human renin and angiotensinogen genes and C57BL/6J control mice 2 to 3 months of age were fed with either a western or normal diet for 14 weeks. Compared with controls, microscopic analyses revealed accelerated damage of cellular structure in the aortic root in THM fed with the western diet. Remarkably, the surface area of arteriosclerotic lesion in THM was shown to be 4 times larger than that in C57BL/6J on the same western diet. These findings suggested that hypertension induced by the activated renin-angiotensin system is involved in the development of arteriosclerotic lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Orthostatic transient unresponsiveness in an elderly patient with severe cerebral arteriosclerosis under antihypertensive medication].

An 80-year-old man who had was administered antihypertensive medication showed repeated transient unresponsiveness during standing and/or walking. Neurological examination showed no focal neurological signs except mild dementia. Head-up tilting examination induced unresponsiveness and a decrease of systolic blood pressure from 111 mmHg to 86 mmHg. This unresponsiveness disappeared 3 minutes later when the blood pressure recovered to 102/64 mmHg. Cerebral angiography demonstrated occlusion in the right internal carotid artery and the right vertebral artery. Severe stenosis was observed at the left internal carotid artery and the left vertebral artery. Discontinuance of the antihypertensive medication reduced the frequency of orthostatic transient unresponsiveness. Elastic stockings in the lower extremities completely prevented the attack; head-up tilting did not induce hypotension with elastic stockings. The transient unresponsiveness in the present case was probably correlated to hemodynamic failure under the condition of severe cerebral arteriosclerosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[The balance of elastase and its inhibitors in the vascular tissues of rabbits of different ages in the early stages of experimental Mönckeberg-type arteriosclerosis].

The role of the elastolytic system in pathogenesis of vascular diseases was investigated on adult and one-month old rabbits in experimental ergocalciferol-induced media calcinosis depending on age aspect. The obtained results indicate that elastase activity was increased in aortic homogenates of one-month old rabbits but not in adult animals. The level of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor is reduced in one-month old rabbits, and decrease of the alpha 2-macroglobulin content in arterial walls occurs in adults. A higher level of antielastase proteins in both groups of animals in venous vessels is determined. After effect of ergocalciferol in the veins of one-month-old rabbits, differs from the adults, a significant increase of the inhibitor content is observed. The presented results confirm the importance of balance between elastase and it inhibitors in pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis.

Aging↗
PubMed2000

Arteriosclerosis in rat aortic allografts: early changes in endothelial integrity and smooth muscle phenotype.

BACKGROUND: Transplant arteriosclerosis remains a limiting factor for the long-term survival of transplanted organs and effective treatment is lacking. A rat model of aortic allografts was used to analyze this process by electron microscopy and further characterize the phenotypic properties of the cells involved. METHODS: A segment of abdominal aorta was transplanted orthotopically from Fischer to Lewis rats. The animals were killed 1-12 weeks after the operation (four to six rats/group), and the grafts were removed and processed for microscopy. RESULTS: The first changes (1 week) included detachment of endothelial cells, adhesion of degranulating platelets to the subendothelial matrix, and modification of smooth muscle cells in the media. The latter process was distinguished by loss of myofilaments and formation of a prominent endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex (shift from contractile to synthetic phenotype). Subsequently, modified smooth muscle cells invaded the intima. In parallel, lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages infiltrated the intima and adventitia. The neointima grew in size by cell proliferation and production of extracellular matrix (4-8 weeks). Smooth muscle cells and monocytes/macrophages in the neointima and media were also noted to accumulate cytoplasmic lipid droplets and eventually turn into foam cells and die. Within the lipid-rich cell remnants, calcification occurred. Finally (12 weeks), the growth in mass of the intimal lesions ceased and in some places reformation of an endothelial lining was detected. Few viable smooth muscle cells remained in the media and the inflammatory infiltrate in the adventitia was reduced. CONCLUSIONS: These observations highlight the importance of early changes in endothelial integrity and smooth muscle phenotype in the development of allograft vascular disease and form the basis for a partly modified model of the cellular mechanisms in this process.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Incidence and severity of coronary artery disease in patients with acute aortic dissection: comparison with abdominal aortic aneurysm and arteriosclerosis obliterans].

OBJECTIVES: The incidence and severity of coronary artery disease were studied in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD), and compared with coronary artery disease in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) or arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO). METHODS: A total of 71 patients(42 males, 29 females, mean age 61.4 +/- 10.0 years) with AAD, undergoing coronary angiography between 1988 and 1999, were studied including 38 patients with open communication type and 33 patients with thrombosed type. According to the Stanford classification, 18 patients were type A and 53 patients were type B. Patients with AAD following Marfan syndrome or chest trauma were excluded from the study. Selective coronary angiography was performed in age- and sex-matched patients with AAA(n = 57; 42 males, 15 females, mean age 63.9 +/- 4.6 years) or ASO (n = 95; 66 males, 29 females, mean age 62.4 +/- 9.4 years). Coronary artery disease was defined as > or = 75% stenosis (left main trunk lesion of > or = 50% stenosis) by multidirectional imaging. RESULTS: Significant coronary artery disease was demonstrated in 14 patients with AAD (19.7%), 25 patients with AAA (43.9%), and 49 patients with ASO (51.5%). The incidence of coronary artery disease was significantly lower in the AAD group than in the other two groups (p < 0.05). One-vessel disease was present in approximately 70% of the patients with AAD and coronary artery disease. In contrast, multivessel disease was observed in approximately 50% of patients with AAA and ASO. Classification of the patients with AAD according to the blood flow in the false lumen showed coronary artery disease was more highly associated with the thrombosed type [10 (30.3%) of 33 patients] than the open communication type [4 (10.5%) of 38 patients]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the patients with AAD showed coronary artery disease was associated with a high serum total cholesterol level (p = 0.025) and the thrombosed type (p = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of coronary artery disease was significantly lower among patients with AAD than among age- and sex-matched patients with AAA or ASO. Coronary artery disease developed in 30% of the patients with the thrombosed type of AAD, although the prognosis seemed to be good.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Homocysteine and arteriosclerosis: established risk factor or new illusion?

Homocysteine is an amino acid and a product of methionine metabolism that is metabolized through two different enzymatic pathways: transsulfuration and remethylation. Vitamin B6 is important in homocysteine transsulfuration, whereas folate and vitamin B12 play significant roles in homocysteine remethylation. The hyperhomocysteinemia offers an explanation for observations on human arteriosclerosis that are difficult to explain by the cholesterol/fat approach. However, hyperhomocysteinemia can influence cognitive functions in the elderly. The causes of hyperhomocysteinemia are inherited and acquired. The treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia varies with underlying cause; generally, vitamin supplementation (with folic acid and vitamins B6 and B12) is effective in reducing homocysteine concentrations. Also, specific recommendations, food fortification with folic acid, and preventive strategies in European countries (as in United States) are necessary to decrease cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed2000

[An investigation on risk factors of cerebral arteriosclerosis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors of cerebral arteriosclerosis (CAS) in the special population--the old cadre in organizations affiliated directly under Fujian Province. METHODS: The investigation was carried out according to the case control method of epidemiology and conditional logistic regression model was used. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis showed that CAS was closely related with the clinostatic systolic blood pressure (CSBP, OR: 2.13), triglyceride (TG, OR: 2.08), diabetes mellitus (OR: 1.31), glycosylated hemoglobin (OR: 1.16), recall of portrait characteristic (OR: 0.89), Kidney-Deficiency Syndrome (OR: 1.54) and Yin-Deficiency with Yang-Excess Syndrome (OR: 1.59). And there was a quantity-effect relationship between CSBP, TG and CAS. CONCLUSION: CSBP is the most important risk factor of CAS in the special population of the old cadre, and the TCM Syndromes of Kidney-Deficiency and Yin-Deficiency with Yang-Excess are also independent risk factors of CAS.

Aged↗