SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources

PubMed1987

Surprising effects of the sequential administration of pentoxifylline and low dose acetylsalicylic acid on thrombus formation.

The effect of the combined oral administration of pentoxifylline (pof) and low dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was evaluated with the help of the laser-induced thrombosis in rat mesenteric arterioles. Laser-induced thrombosis is inhibited in a dose-dependent way by both drugs. The administration of ASA, either simultaneously with or 1 hour prior to pof, does not show any effects in the laser model. On the contrary, the administration of pof followed 1 h later by ASA not only exhibited a significant effect but also produced a supraadditive inhibition of the laser-induced thrombus formation. Specific investigations concerning the time interval between the administration of both drugs determined that a significant effect can be achieved only after an interval of 30 to 90 minutes (principle of HWA 5112). The striking results could also be shown in diseased animals after sequential chronic administration of pof 1 h prior to ASA. HWA 5112 exhibits significant effects on laser-induced thrombus formation in the following chronic animal models: 1. adjuvant arthritic rats, 10----1 mg/kg for 21 days; 2. spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats, 10----1 mg/kg three times within 24 h; 3. cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits, 10----1 mg/kg for 14 days. The reported data clearly demonstrate that the sequential drug administration of first pentoxifylline followed 30 to 90 min later by ASA exhibits a supraadditive antithrombotic effect.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1977

Self-administration of codeine plus acetylsalicylic acid in rhesus monkeys with unlimited access to the drugs.

The reinforcing effects of codeine (5.0 mcg/kg/infusion), acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) (2500 mcg/kg/infusion) and those of combinations of codeine (50 mcg/kg/infusion) plus (2500 or 10,000 mcg/kg/infusion) were studied in four groups of drug naive rhesus monkeys. Responding was engendered and maintained by infusions of 50 mcg/kg of codeine; maximal number of daily infusions being 500 to 1000. Infusions of 2500 mcg/kg of ASA plus 50 mcg/kg of codeine per infusion initiated responding from the 9th to the 10th day of the drug period on. The number of self-administered infusions did not exceed 200 daily. Monkeys self administered codeine without signs of intoxication. All three monkeys self-administering the combination of 50 mcg/kg of codeine plus 2500 mcg/kg of ASA died during the experiment. They exhibited signs of severe intoxication. A combination of 50 mcg/kg of codeine and 10,000 mcg/kg of ASA was not self-administered until the 12th day of the drug period. Two out of three monkeys initiated responding for the combination during the drug period. The number of self-administered infusions did not exceed 50 per day. A third monkey did not initiate self-administration during the 14 day drug period. Both monkeys which engendered self-administration died on the 14th day of the experiment as a result of general intoxication. These experiments suggest that even toxic doses of ASA will not prevent monkeys from self-administration when offered together with a positive reinforcing drug such as codeine under a schedule of continuous self-administration.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Acetylsalicylic acid reduces heat responses in rat nociceptive primary sensory neurons--evidence for a new mechanism of action.

Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is thought to exert its peripheral analgesic effects via inhibition of cyclooxygenase. We now studied the effects of ASA on heat responses in primary nociceptive neurons by whole-cell patch-clamp and calcium microfluorimetry experiments. Heat-evoked inward currents in acutely dissociated rat dorsal root ganglion neurons were significantly reduced by ASA in a dose-dependent and reversible manner (IC(50) 375 nM, Hill slope -2.2, maximum effect 55%). Heat-evoked calcium transients (measured with FURA-2) were reversibly reduced by 53+/-14% (P<0.05) by co-application of 1 microM ASA. The low IC(50) value, the rapid occurrence, and the reversibility of the observed effects make it unlikely that inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis is involved in the inhibition of nociceptive heat responses by ASA, and suggest a more direct effect on heat transduction mechanisms.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

In vitro metabolism of a nitroderivative of acetylsalicylic acid (NCX4016) by rat liver: LC and LC-MS studies.

The metabolism of a nitroderivative of acetylsalicylic acid, benzoic acid, 2-(acetyloxy)-3-[(nitrooxy)methyl]phenyl ester (NCX4016), the lead compound of a new class of NO-releasing non steroidal-antiinflammatory drugs has been studied in vitro in rat liver subcellular fractions (S 9000xg, microsomes, cytosol). Samples were extracted with CH3CN (2 vol.) containing 1% H3PO4 (2 M), vortexed for 3 min and then centrifuged for 5 min at 5000 rpm. Supernatants were diluted with 0.02 M phosphoric acid and analysed by reverse-phase LC. Linearity of calibration for NCX4016 and metabolites was observed over the range 0.25-50 microg/ml with coefficients of determination greater than 0.9996. Extraction efficiency from spiked liver samples ranged from 85 to 95% for all the analytes. In the S 9000xg fraction, NCX4016 undergoes rapid metabolization, with the formation of salicylic acid (SA) and [3-(nitrooxymethyl)phenol] (HBN). HBN is then rapidly metabolised to 3-hydroxybenzylalcohol (HBA), and mainly to a new metabolic species, whose formation takes place specifically in the liver cell cytosol. LC-MS analysis (electrospray ionisation) of the cytosol extract in negative and positive-ion modes furnished deprotonated [M-H]- and protonated [M+H]+ molecular ions at m/z 412 and 414, respectively, accompanied by the typical clusters with sodium. MS/MS analysis in negative-ion mode, by selection and collision of the ion at m/z 412, gave a fragmentation pattern characterized by the ions at m/z 272 and 254, which allowed to assign the structure of 1-(glutathion-S-yl)methylene-3-hydroxy-benzene, a conjugated product between GSH and the benzyl carbon atom of HBN. In rat liver cytosol HBN is completely metabolised to this thioether adduct within 30 min incubation; the process is enzymatically mediated by GSH transferase and strictly dependent on GSH availability. The relevance of this new metabolic pathway in NCX4016 detoxification by rat liver is discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Effects of acetylsalicylic acid on sore throat pain and other pain symptoms associated with acute upper respiratory tract infection.

OBJECTIVE: Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) has been widely used for over a century to treat pain and fever associated with acute upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), but there is a lack of clinical data to support the efficacy of ASA in this disease state. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of ASA for the treatment of sore throat pain associated with URTI. DESIGN: A double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel group design. Two hundred seventy-two patients (mean age: 25 years) with sore throat pain associated with URTI were recruited at two centers. Pain scores were made during a 2-hour laboratory phase and continued for secondary objectives during a 4-hour home phase. Patients were treated with either two effervescent tablets of ASA 400 mg in water or matched placebo tablets. Patients took medication as required over a 3-day home phase. RESULTS: ASA was found to be superior to placebo for: The primary efficacy parameter predefined in the protocol, reduction in sore throat pain intensity over 2 hours (P < 0.001), and for secondary efficacy parameters, reduction in sore throat pain intensity over 4 and 6 hours, relief of sore throat pain over 2, 4, and 6 hours, reduction in intensity of pain associated with headache, and reduction in muscle aches and pains over a 2-hour time period (P < 0.01). No safety problems were encountered. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with ASA was shown to provide relief from sore throat pain, headache, and muscle aches and pains associated with URTI.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2002

Effects of combined therapy with clopidogrel and acetylsalicylic acid on platelet glycoprotein expression and aggregation.

SUMMARY: This study aimed to compare the effects of clopidogrel, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), and the combination of both substances on platelet aggregation and expression of platelet membrane glycoproteins in patients with chronic coronary artery disease. We investigated platelet activation by flow cytometry and by platelet aggregation and disaggregation in 60 patients randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups: ASA, clopidogrel, combination of clopidogrel and ASA, treated for 14 days. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced expression of P-selectin and of PAC-1 was significantly reduced after 2 wk of clopidogrel but not of ASA treatment. Treatment with clopidogrel reduced the ADP-induced platelet aggregation. The combination of clopidogrel and ASA did not increase the inhibition of platelet activation compared with clopidogrel alone. A significant increase in platelet disaggregation was observed with clopidogrel alone and was more pronounced with the combination of clopidogrel and ASA. ADP-induced platelet degranulation, activation of GPIIb/IIIa receptor, and aggregation in vivo are effectively inhibited by clopidogrel. The significantly increased disaggregation under clopidogrel and ASA suggests that the combined therapy may be superior to the monotherapy in patients with coronary artery disease and a high risk for vascular events.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗

PubMed1995

Adjunctive supragingival irrigation with acetylsalicylic acid in periodontal supportive therapy.

To assess the clinical efficacy of adjunctive supragingival irrigation with buffered 0.3% acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), 60 patients with periodontitis receiving supportive periodontal therapy were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 home regimens: (1) 1x daily adjunctive supragingival irrigation with 300 ml water immediately followed by 200 ml of buffered 0.3% ASA; (2) 1x daily adjunctive supragingival irrigation with 500 ml water; or (3) normal oral hygiene alone. Clinical parameters were assessed at baseline and 6 months. Irrigator use was measured by timers built into the irrigator units. Results at 6 months showed that both supragingival irrigation with buffered 0.3% ASA and supragingival irrigation with water significantly reduced gingival index scores (median 0.1 and 0.35, respectively) and pocket probing depths (both median 0.26 mm) compared to the control group. In addition, irrigation with water resulted in a significant reduction in bleeding on probing (median 0.13), whereas irrigation with buffered 0.3% ASA had no significant effect on bleeding on probing compared to the control group. The clinical efficacy of irrigation with either ASA or water was found to be positively correlated to initial disease severity and irrigator use. Thus, frequent supragingival irrigation with either 0.3% ASA or water in addition to regular oral hygiene appears to be a beneficial adjunct to periodontal supportive therapy in patients with moderate to severe signs of periodontitis. However, the use of buffered 0.3% ASA as an irrigant does not seem to enhance the clinical efficacy of supragingival irrigation on periodontal health.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Anticoagulant and anti-platelet effects are maintained following coadministration of otamixaban, a direct factor Xa inhibitor, and acetylsalicylic acid.

The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of the direct factor Xa inhibitor, otamixaban, with and without concomitant acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) were investigated in healthy volunteers. The study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled 3-way crossover study. Sixty-eight male volunteers in total were randomised to otamixaban, ASA, or otamixaban with ASA. ASA (300 mg once a day) was started 2 days before and continued on the day of the otamixaban 6-hour IV infusion (0.3 and 0.5 mg/kg). Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters (coagulation markers, platelet function tests and skin bleeding time) were determined. Drug interaction was assessed by the ratios of geometric means and 90% confidence intervals (90% CI)of the parameter estimates. Pharmacokinetic parameters of otamixaban remained unchanged with ASA. Ratios of geometric means (90% CI) were for Ceoi 96.54 (91.21-102.19) and 95.04 (90.10-100.24) and for AUC 98.0 (93.92-102.25) and 95.90 (92.61-99.31), for 0.3 and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively. No drug interaction was observed between otamixaban and ASA on the coagulation and platelet function parameters. Neither otamixaban nor ASA had an effect on skin bleeding time; their co-administration led to a slight prolongation of skin bleeding time above the normal range without any clinically relevant bleeding. This study demonstrated that the desired effects of otamixaban and ASA, namely anticoagulation and platelet inhibition, respectively, are maintained during co-administration of both drugs.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Response of layer breeders to dietary acetylsalicylic acid. 3. Effects on fertility and hatchability of embryos exposed to control and elevated incubation temperatures.

Because acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, aspirin) is a common antipyretic drug, there has been considerable research on the effects of ASA on mammalian embryonic development. However, very limited research has been conducted on the effects of ASA on avian development and hatchability. The present study investigated the effect of dietary ASA on fertility and hatchability and whether embryos of breeder hens fed ASA, as compared with embryos of hens fed a control diet, would survive elevated temperatures during incubation. White Leghorn layer breeders were fed 0, .025, .050, .100, .200, and .400% ASA for the first 13 mo of egg production. When averaged over 13 mo, hens fed .40% dietary ASA demonstrated a decline in fertility (P < .03), hatchability of fertile eggs (P < .04), and hatchability of eggs set (P < .02). Chicks from hens fed .10% ASA weighed more than chicks from hens receiving 0, .025, .20, or .40% ASA (P < .01). When embryos were incubated at elevated temperatures of 42.8 or 43.3 C for 5.5 to 12 h on Day 16 of incubation, hatchability declined. Also, ASA fed to layer breeders did not improve hatchability of embryos exposed to elevated incubation temperatures when compared with embryos exposed to a control incubation temperature (37.2 C). During Month 9 of production, chicks from hens fed .05 and .10% ASA and exposed to an elevated temperature of 42.8 C for 9 h on Day 16 of incubation weighed more than similarly heat-stressed chicks of hens fed 0, .20, or .40% ASA (temperature by diet interaction, P < .03).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗

PubMed1975

The effects of acetylsalicylic acid on the human gastric mucosa as revealed by gastrocamera.

The influence on the gastric mucosa of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) given as a buffered solution (Bamyl-SR, AB Hässle, Sweden) and as a conventional disintegrating tablet (MagnecylR, ACO, Sweden) has been compared in 7 healthy volunteers, using the gastrocamera technique. The study was performed crossover with randomized treatment periods. The dosage of ASA was 1 g 3 times daily for 3 days. Before and after each treatment period gastrocamera examinations were performed. The evaluation of the gastro-camera films was made blindly. It was found that after the ASA-tablets all subjects had multiple and prominent erosions. However, in all subjects the erosive effects on the gastric mucosa were less pronounced with the buffered solution. It was concluded that any person taking conventional ASA-tablets in a dose of 1 g 3 times daily for 3 days runs the risk of developing lesions of the gastric mucosa. This risk is less when ASA is taken in the form of a buffered solution.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

[Provocation tests in the diagnosis of acetylsalicylic acid intolerance].

Aspirin is among drugs most commonly used all over the world, therefore considerable prevalence of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) intolerance has lately been reported. There is no in vitro test for the identification of ASA intolerance and even clear-cut clinical symptoms are not sufficient for diagnosis of ASA intolerance. Provocation tests therefore, remain to be the only relevant method used for the diagnosis of both AIAR (aspirin-intolerant asthma and rhinitis) and ASA intolerance of organs other than respiratory tract. There are 5 types of provocation tests, depending on the route of ASA administration: oral, bronchial (inhaled), nasal and seldom used intravenous and intrabronchial challenges. The protocols used in different centers, vary not only in the ways of ASA administration, but also in doses used, duration of observation period and in criteria for evaluation of the results. We present here current principles regarding indications and contraindications for detailed challenge procedures and methodology of different ASA provocation tests. We summarized both advantages and the defects of all enumerated challenge procedures, which may be helpful for correct patient qualification, test performance and interpretation of the results.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗

PubMed1979

Comparison of the inhibitory effects of acetylsalicylic acid and trifusal on enzymes related to thrombosis.

Triflusal is a new antithrombotic agent, structurally similar to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), which has been shown to possess a different pharmacological profile, suggesting a different mechanism of action for both compounds. To confirm this hypothesis we have studied, comparatively, the inhibition by triflusal and ASA of the activity of several enzymes involved in the equilibrium of platelet haemostasis, namely, prostaglandin-synthetase system (PG-synthetase), cyclo-oxygenase, thromboxane-synthetase and cAMP-phosphodiesterase. Results indicate that trilfusal is 60% less potent as inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (biological method) and of prostaglandin biosynthesis (spectrophotometric method ) than ASA. On the contrary, triflusal is five times more potent than ASA as inhibitor of cAMP phosphodoesterase. Inhibition of thromboxane-synthetase by both compounds is negligible and without physiological significance. These results suggest a mechanism of action of trifusal that might explain the different pharmacological profile between triflusal and ASA as antithrombotic agents.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗

PubMed1990

[Treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis with small doses of acetylsalicylic acid].

The purpose of the investigation was to evaluate the long-term administration of 100 mg acetylsalicylic acid in patients with chronic proliferative glomerulonephritis. Two 12-month periods are compared in the same patients (n = 19) without and with treatment. Glomerular filtration and quantitative proteinuria did not change significantly one year prior to treatment. During treatment glomerular filtration increased from 1.22 +/- 0.37 to 1.70 + 0.55 ml/s (p less than 0.01) and proteinuria declined from 2.6 + 1.1 to 1.6 +/- 1.0 g/24 h (p less than 0.01). Treatment did not influence the excretion of the metabolite prostacyclin 186 +/- 56 and 189 + 75 ng/24 h resp., and significantly reduced the thromboxane excretion from 565 +/- 267 to 348 + 123 ng/24 h, p less than 0.01). The authors assume that long-term treatment could influence in a favourable way the course of chronic proliferative glomerulonephritis.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Protective effect of an antacid against acetylsalicylic acid].

The protective action of an magnesium-aluminum-antacid (Mucal-Gel) against acute doses of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was studied in healthy subjects (n = 30) by a double-blind cross-over method. The severity of the lesion was determined by endoscopy. In the corresponding placebo experiments, severe lesions of the gastroduodenal mucosa were seen after administration of 1500 mg ASA. These lesions could be prevented only in the presence of high doses of the antacidum mixture. It is concluded from these studies that protective actions against ASA can be achieved only if the intragastric pH-level is adequately raised above 3.5 and higher.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

[Acetylsalicylic acid and hormonal response in insulin induced hypoglycemia].

The influence of a short-term treatment with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA 3,2 g/daily), an inhibitor of endogenous prostaglandin synthesis, on plasma glucose, glucagon and growth hormone responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, has been investigated in seven subjects. ASA caused a slight but significant reduction in basal glucose levels, but did not alter the pattern of glucagon and growth hormone secretion following hypoglycemia. On the basis of these results, it is hypothesized that endogenous prostaglandins are not implicated in the response of pancreatic alfa-cell to hypoglycemia.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

Tolerance of guaiacolic ester of acetylsalicylic acid by patients with aspirin-asthma.

The effects of oral administration of the guaiacolic ester of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA-G) on the ventilatory function were studied by means of a body plethysmograph, in a group of nine ASA-asthmatic patients. No differences in specific airway resistance were observed between ASA-G and placebo. It is concluded that ASA-G is tolerated by patients with ASA-induced asthma.

Airway Resistance↗

PubMed1983

[Prevention of vascular complications in polycythemia vera and primary thrombocythemia treated with low doses of acetylsalicylic acid].

22 patients (13 with polycythaemia vera and 9 with primary thrombocythemia) were treated with 250 mg acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) daily for an average of 25 months. Before therapy was started, 3 patients had arterial thromboses, 3 had venous thromboses, 3 had spontaneous hemorrhage, 3 had acral circulatory disorders and 13 had dizziness, whereas under ASA treatment neither arterial nor venous thromboses occurred and only 4 mild spontaneous hemorrhages were recorded. Under ASA the circulatory disorders of the extremities disappeared completely in 11 patients and recurred intermittently in milder form in 2 patients. Dizziness was completely abolished in 12 of the 13 patients. Discontinuation of therapy was followed by prompt recurrence of symptoms. No correlation could be established between symptoms and extent of platelet disease either before or during ASA therapy. Low-dose salicylates are highly effective in the prevention and treatment of vascular complications in polycythaemia vera and primary thrombocythemia. Thanks to ASA, potentially leukemogenic cytostatic agents and radiophosphorus can be used more sparingly.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Low-dose acetylsalicylic acid use and hemoglobin levels. Effects in a primary care population.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of acetylsalicylic acid therapy and effect of the drug on hemoglobin concentration over time. DESIGN: Retrospective, observational study. SETTING: Primary care population in a university-affiliated family medicine clinic. PATIENTS: A population-based sample of 80 patients receiving low-dose ASA for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease was studied. Of 84 patients receiving the drug after a cardiovascular problem, four were excluded: one man died of a recurrent stroke during the study; the file of a second man was unavailable; another man developed a bleeding ulcer; and one woman had been taking ASA for only 1 month when the data were collated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Demographic variables of patients taking low-dose ASA, duration of ASA use, and two successive measures of hemoglobin level. RESULTS: The frequency of ASA administration was 7.7% for men aged 60 and older and 2.9% for women. Women had no significant change in hemoglobin levels, while men had a mean loss of 0.472 g/dL (95% confidence interval, .198 to .746; P = .009). For the study population as a whole (80 patients), the average decline was 0.294 g/dL (95% confidence interval, .039 to .549; P = .029). CONCLUSIONS: Although the clinical significance of these findings is uncertain, they suggest the need for a prospective investigation of the influence of low-dose ASA on hemoglobin levels.

Adult↗