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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Second-line chemotherapy with temozolomide in recurrent oligodendroglioma after PCV (procarbazine, lomustine and vincristine) chemotherapy: EORTC Brain Tumor Group phase II study 26972.

BACKGROUND: Oligodendroglial tumors are chemosensitive, with two-thirds of patients responding to PCV combination chemotherapy with procarbazine, lomustine (CCNU) and vincristine. Temozolomide (TMZ), a new alkylating and methylating agent has shown high response rates in recurrent anaplastic astrocytoma. We investigated this drug in recurrent oligodendroglial tumors (OD) and mixed oligoastrocytomas (OA) after prior PCV chemotherapy and radiation therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective non-randomized multicenter phase II trial patients were treated with TMZ 150 mg/m(2) on days 1-5 in cycles of 28 days for 12 cycles. Eligible patients had a recurrence after prior PCV chemotherapy, with measurable and enhancing disease as shown by magnetic resonance imaging. Pathology and all responses were centrally reviewed. RESULTS: Thirty-two eligible patients were included. In four patients the pathology review did not confirm the presence of an OD or OA. Twelve of 24 patients [50%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 29% to 71%] evaluable for response to first-line PCV chemotherapy had responded to PCV. Temozolomide was in general well tolerated; the most frequent side-effects were hematological. One patient discontinued treatment due to toxicity. In seven of 28 patients (25%, 95% CI 11% to 45%) with histologically confirmed OD an objective response to TMZ was observed. Median time to progression for responding patients was 8.0 months. After 6 and 12 months from the start of treatment, 29% and 11% of patients, respectively, were still free from progression. CONCLUSIONS: TMZ may be regarded as the preferred second-line treatment in OD after failure of PCV chemotherapy. Further studies on TMZ in OD are indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Clinicopathologic characteristics and microsurgical treatment of glioma of limbic and paralimbic system].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the features of the clinical manifestations, imaging, pathology and microsurgery on the patients with gliomas of limbic and paralimbic system. METHODS: The clinical data of 28 patients with gliomas of limbic and paralimbic system were analyzed respectively. RESULTS: Seizure was the most common symptom, presented in 24 cases. CT scans showed hypodensity in 19 cases and isodensity in 9 cases. MRI scans were achieved in 23 cases, showing hypointense signal on T(1)WI and hyperintense signal on T(2)WI. Total resection was achieved in 19 cases, subtotal in 6 cases and partial in 3 cases. All patients had excellent postoperative recovery, except 5 patients who developed temporary frontal aphasia and 6 patients who developed contralateral hemiplegia. The patients had a postoperative follow-up ranging from 6 months to 5 years, and 23 cases still survived. CONCLUSION: High-resolution CT and MRI may reveal the size, location, confines and sharp demarcation of the tumors. Gliomas can be microsurgically removed with considerable results.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Common and uncommon histologic subtypes of renal cell carcinoma: imaging spectrum with pathologic correlation.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality, with an estimated 35,000 new cases and 12,480 deaths in the United States in 2003. Recent advances in imaging technology, pathology, urology, and oncology permit early diagnosis of RCC and facilitate optimal management. The 2004 World Health Organization classification for renal neoplasms recognizes several distinct histologic subtypes of RCC. These subtypes include clear cell RCC, papillary RCC, chromophobe RCC, hereditary cancer syndromes, multilocular cystic RCC, collecting duct carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma, neuroblastoma-associated RCC, Xp11.2 translocation-TFE3 carcinoma, and unclassified lesions. Different histologic subtypes of RCC have characteristic histomorphologic and biologic profiles. Clear cell RCC is the most common subtype and has a less favorable prognosis (stage for stage) than do papillary RCC and chromophobe RCC. Collecting duct carcinoma and renal medullary carcinoma are associated with aggressive clinical behavior and a poor prognosis.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1996

Image management in pathology.

Much of the diagnostic work in pathology, especially surgical pathology and cytology, involves the interpretation of images. Recent advances in digital imaging technologies and telecommunications will allow pathologists to use image-based information in ways that are not possible using conventional glass slides alone. We are entering an age in which image-based information can be more easily and widely shared, both locally and globally. In this article, some of the digital technologies that can allow pathologists to make more effective use of diagnostic images will be discussed.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2006

Sweet's syndrome in chronic lymphocytic leukemia associated with neutropenic fever and granulocyte colony stimulation factor.

Granulocyte colony stimulation factor (G-CSF) is commonly used in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. We report the case of a 62-year-old man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who presented with neutropenic fever and sepsis. After treatment with G-CSF he developed Sweet's syndrome. Sweet's syndrome is a rare disorder but has been associated with cancer recurrence as well as administration of G-CSF. We present clinical and pathologic images that highlight the salient features of this entity.

Fatal Outcome↗
PubMed2006

Proteasome inhibitor-induced model of Parkinson's disease.

We recently reported that systemic administration of a proteasome inhibitor induced a progressive levodopa-responsive, bradykinetic syndrome in rats with imaging, pathological, and biochemical features that strikingly resemble what is found in PD. This model has the potential to be a useful tool for studying the mechanism of cell death in Parkinson's disease and for testing putative neuroprotective agents. Since publication of these findings, several laboratories have sought to reproduce the model; some have been successful in replicating our findings, but others have not. The reason for this variability is not known, but resolution is critically important given the potential utility of this model. We have begun to examine various factors that alone or in combination might explain these differences, and we present in this article preliminary results from these studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of scrotal scintigraphy and thermography for the diagnosis of varicocele.

Varicocele is the most frequent cause of male subfertility. Several invasive and noninvasive techniques can be used to visualize scrotal phlebectasies. In this study sequential scintigraphy after intravenous injection of 99mTc-albumin was compared with tele-thermography. The normal and pathological images are described. The more obvious the clinical condition, the more lesions were revealed by scintigraphy (29.6% in subfertile men suspected of having variococele; 76.9% in patients with first degree varicocele; and 100% in Grades II and III cases). In 55 cases (of a total of 76 cases explored by radioisotopic techniques), the comparison of the thermographic results with the scintigraphy results suggests that scrotal scintigraphy is less sensitive. However, there are more false positive thermographies expressed as a discordance with clinical examination, which indicates higher specificity of scintigraphy. In conclusion scrotal scintigraphy cannot be considered as the screening procedure of first choice for varicocele, but it can give complementary information, especially when thermographic results are at variance with the clinical examination.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Problem of early registration of hypertension: combination of x-ray and blood-pressure determination].

In a program aiming at 30,000 blood pressure measurements per year 12,401 persons have been examined in the canton of Berne (population of approx. 1 million) from first of January 1976 to the end of April 1977. This group belongs to the active working part of the inhabitants (age 30 years and more). The introduction of this method was without any problems. 97 to 100 percent of the people participated on a voluntary base. A short personal history of hypertension and smoking habits were requested by a questionnaire. Some results obtained by the use of a general computerprogram are presented: 15.1 % of the screened population had a hypertension greater than or equal to 160/95 mmHg. 55.5 % were unknown to the examined persons. Connections with other findings than hypertension, such as pathologic images of the heart in the x-ray and smoking have been determined. 66.5 % showed one, two or three of the above mentioned findings. The advantages of this method are stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Askin tumor: a malignant small cell tumor.

Malignant tumours of the chest wall are rare in the pediatric age group. Askin tumour, a primitive neuroectodermal tumour with aggressive nature, is extremely rare. Clinico-pathological features make it quite distinct from Ewing's sarcoma. Aggressive nature of the tumour results in short clinical presentation of the patient. Diagnosis of Askin tumour is mainly by histo-pathology. Imaging modalities play only a complimentary role. We present a case diagnosed to have this rare malignant tumour in the thoraco-pulmonary area in a child.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2005

Expression of TGF-betal in placenta of the patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension and its relationship with serum VCAM-1.

The expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) in placental tissue of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and the relationship between the level of expression of TGF-beta1 and the amount of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in serum was studied. Immunohistochemistry ABC was used to detect the expression and distribution of TGF-beta1 in placental tissues in 40 PIH women and 20 normal pregnancy women. High resolution pathological image analysis system was used to determine the quality of TGF-beta1. The VCAM-1 in serum was examined by enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that TGF-beta1 could be express in syncytiotrophoblast. The levels of TGF-beta1 expression in placental tissues of the patients with moderate and severe PIH were significantly higher (P < 0.05), while the serum VCAM-1 was significantly lower than in normal group (P < 0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between the expression of TGF-beta1 in placental tissues and the serum VCAM-1 (r = 0.969, P < 0.01). It was concluded that the level of TGF-beta1 expression in PIH was increased and was positively correlated with the amount of serum VCAM-1, indicating that they might be involved in the pathogenesis of PIH.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Inhibitory mechanism of inteferon-gamma on human fibroblasts from Tenon's capsule.

The inhibitory mechanism of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on the fibroblasts from Tenon's capsule was studied. By using immunohistochemical SP method and pathological image system, the inhibitory effects of IFN-gamma on the expression of transforming growth factor beta receptor I in the in vitro cultured fibroblasts from Tenon's capsule were quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that IFN-gamma could reduce the expression of transforming growth factor beta receptor I in the fibroblasts with the following dose-effect relationship: Y = 1937.5-134.2 Igx (r=-0.971, P<0.01). It was concluded that IFN-gamma could inhibit the expression of transforming growth factor beta receptor I in the fibroblasts from Tenon's capsule. The modulation of the transforming growth factor beta receptor I expression by IFN-gamma may be beneficial to the alleviation of the hyperplasia of scar after trabeculectomy.

Conjunctiva↗
PubMed2003

The expression of PLF in placenta in pregnancy-induced hypertension and the relationship between the PLF and serum VCAM-1.

To study the expression of placental isoferritin (PLF) in placental tissue of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and the relationship between the level of expression of PLF and the amount of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in serum, immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of PLF in placenta tissue in 45 PIH patients (PIH group) and 15 normal pregnant women (normal group). High resolution pathological image analysis system (HPIAS-100) was employed to determine the quantity of PLF. The VCAM-1 in serum was examined by enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the levels of PLF expressions in moderate and severe PIH patients were significantly lower than that of normal group (P < 0.01). The serum VCAM-1 was significantly decreased in PIH group (1310 +/- 177 rho/ng/ml) than that of normal group (609 +/- 72 rho/ng/ml, P < 0.01). The significant negative correlation existed between the expression of PLF in placental tissue and the serum VACM-1 (r = -0.58, P < 0.01). It was concluded that the level of PLF expression in PIH decreases and is negatively correlated with the amount of serum VCAM-1, indicating that these may be involved in the pathogenesis of PIH.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Histological measurement of human retinal thickness.

The fresh eye balls from the accidental death adults were placed on low temperature slicer to cut into slices. The fresh sections was subjected to the direct measurement of retinal thickness by using CMIAS multi-function real color pathologic imaging analysis system. The results showed that in the total of 6 eye balls measured, the mean retinal thickness was 310.92 +/- 34.14 microns. It was concluded that it was simple and had high confidence for the fresh eye ball low temperature frozen sections to directly measure the retinal thickness, which provided a histological method for the measurement of retinal thickness and the reference of retinal thickness of Chinese adults.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed2005

Dynamic observation of liver fibrosis in mice infected with Schistosoma japonica.

The expression of TNF-alpha in the liver at different periods post Schistosoma japonica infection and the effect on liver fibrosis after supplementary injection of these cytokines were investigated. The mice infected with schistosome cercariae were divided into 3 groups: normal control group, TNF-alpha-untreated infection group and TNF-alpha-treated infection group. ABC immunohistochemistry and pathologic image multimedia quantification system were applied to dynamically detect the activity of TNF-alpha. The results showed that the levels of TNF-alpha in the liver in TNF-alpha-untreated infection group were slowly decreased with prolongation of infection time (from 8th, 11th, 14th to 18th week), while in the TNF-alpha-treated infection group, those were increased significantly after intraperitoneal injection of TNF-alpha at 6th week after infection. At first to 8th week after the final injection of TNF-alpha, the intrahepatic TNF-alpha levels in the TNF-alpha-treated infection group were significantly higher than in the other two groups (P < 0.01), and the granulomatous inflammation and fibrosis in the liver were also milder in the normal control group. It was concluded that at the early stage of Schistosoma japonica infection mouse liver mainly released Th1 cytokine and TNF-alpha from Th1 activated macrophages. Six weeks after infection (post egg deposition), exogenous supplement with intraperitoneal injection of TNF-alpha could induce the enhanced expression of Th1 cytokines and alleviate the liver granulomatous inflammation and fibrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Primary clear cell sarcoma (malignant melanoma) in the right radius.

Clear cell sarcoma (malignant melanoma) originating in bone is an extremely rare occurrence, which has been reported twice previously. It is challenging to differentiate this neoplasm from skeletal metastasis of malignant melanoma because it shows no specific imaging, pathological or immunohistochemical features. However, this differentiation is clinically important due to significant differences in patient management. In this article, we present the case of a 55-year-old man with primary clear cell sarcoma arising in the right radius.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2006

Molecular pathology of chondroid neoplasms: part 1, benign lesions.

This two-part review presents an overview of the molecular findings associated with both benign and malignant chondroid neoplasms. This first part presents a brief review of methods in molecular pathology along with a review of the cytogenetic and molecular genetic findings in benign chondroid neoplasms. Clinical aspects of the various lesions are briefly discussed, and each tumor is illustrated with representative radiographic and pathologic images. Malignant chondroid neoplasms will be considered in the second part of this review.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed2006

Molecular pathology of chondroid neoplasms: part 2, malignant lesions.

This is the second part of a two-part review presenting an overview of the molecular findings associated with both benign and malignant chondroid neoplasms. The first part presented a brief review of modern methods in molecular pathology, along with a review of the cytogenetic and molecular genetic findings in benign chondroid neoplasms. This second part reviews the cytogenetic and molecular genetic findings in malignant chondroid neoplasms. Clinical aspects of the various lesions are briefly discussed, and each tumor is illustrated with representative radiographic and pathologic images.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

CNS aspergillosis with mycotic aneurysm, cerebral granuloma and infarction.

We are reporting a case of an immunocompromised patient with invasive aspergillosis (IA) who developed aspergillotic granulomas and a mycotic aneurysm of the superior cerebellar artery. The route of infection of the central nervous system (CNS) was hematogenous spread from a pulmonary focus. IA was detected with the Galactomannan (GM) technique. However, despite treatment with amphotericin B, progressive involvement of the vessel wall occurred causing fatal subarachnoid hemorrhage and massive brainstem and cerebellar infarction. This case provides pathologic-imaging correlation of one of the most devastating types of fungal involvement affecting the CNS with a fungal aneurysm. Finally the literature regarding the pathogenetic, and diagnostic investigations and the management of CNS aspergillosis is reviewed.

Aspergillus fumigatus↗