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Results for “VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE”

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PubMed2002

A possible selves intervention to enhance school involvement.

We developed a 9-week after-school, small group, activities-based intervention focused on enhancing youth's abilities to imagine themselves as successful adults and connecting these future imagines to current school involvement. We describe and evaluate this programme comparing three cohorts of urban African American middle school students (n=62 experimental, n=146 control), controlling for sex and previous school involvement. By the end of the school year, intervention youth reported more bonding to school, concern about doing well in school, "balanced" possible selves, plausible strategies to attain these possible selves, better school attendance, and for boys, less trouble at school.

Achievement↗
PubMed1991

Interdisciplinary rehabilitation of the laryngectomee.

It is to be hoped that human aspects have not been forgotten in spite of all these statistics. Behind all these numbers lie the personal fates of approximately 700 laryngectomees in Switzerland. The interview findings reflect their situation in life. In summary, we can say that: --Half of the laryngectomees lose their job and feel restricted in their daily lives; every third one mentions financial problems. --A third of the laryngectomees are totally or partly unsatisfied with the speech rehabilitation program. --There appear to be remarkable differences within the various language regions in Switzerland with regard to preparation for the operation, speech rehabilitation, and the current life situation of laryngectomees. From our study, we conclude that extensive medical, psychological, and social counseling and assistance for those affected is of great importance. Here we must especially mention the preparation of the patients and their relatives for the operation and its consequences. This should be the task not of one person but of an interdisciplinary team, including a logopedist, a social worker, and also another laryngectomee, with whom contact is often very valuable for the patient. Early speech therapy, reintegration into working life, and improvement of financial status are further factors of great importance.

Female↗
PubMed1992

How did it work? An examination of the mechanisms through which an intervention for the unemployed promoted job-search behavior.

Conducted process analysis of treatment mediation effects (Judd & Kenney, 1981) on longitudinal data from a large randomized field experiment with 928 recently unemployed persons. The experimental treatment included an intervention that succeeded in promoting quality reemployment outcomes, as described in earlier reports (Caplan et al., 1989; Vinokur et al., 1991). Using Ajzen's theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1985, 1988), the analyses examined the mediating effects of job-search self-efficacy, attitude, norms, and intention on job-search behavior. The results provided substantial support for the theory of planned behavior and demonstrated the mediational role of job-search self-efficacy. For both 1- and 4-month posttests, job-search self-efficacy was shown to mediate the effects of the intervention through its direct effects on job-search intention and on short term job-search behavior, as well as through its indirect effects on subjective norms and attitude. However, in the longer term 4-month posttest, exposure to the intervention had a direct effect on job-search behavior. This long-term direct effect of the intervention was hypothesized to reflect the influence of inoculation against setbacks which is essential for sustaining the long-term behavioral efforts involved in job seeking.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1996

[Evaluation of occupational programs in the city of Zurich].

Occupational and job integration programs are components of low threshold drug policies. Since the mid-eighties many such projects have been realized not least to counteract the increasing pauperization of drug addicts and the spreading of AIDS. Two of these occupational programs, the "job-Bus" and the "Förderband (Conveyor Belt)", were evaluated by the means of two quantitative cross-sectional studies and by a qualitative topic oriented interview in the second phase. The results presented refer to the second phase of the evaluation. The proportion of women in the programs is low with only 10%. The average age of 38.4 is higher than in other institutions for drug users. The work program is well accepted among the participants, and there is a high demand for such programs in the target group. Non-material aspects such as structuring of days, contact opportunities and fulfillment give the institution an additional significance. The author therefore recommends expansion of these programs under occupational and socio-pedagogical aspects in doing so, the underrepresented women and young adults ought to be reached. Furthermore it should be examined whether stable users can be employed permanently.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A vocational promoting course--initial experiences with a rehabilitation program for long-term psychiatric patients].

A new programme to rehabilitate long-term, psychiatric patients with non-manual professions is introduced. The results of a limited follow-up investigation of the first 40 participants and experiences in the practical work, are discussed. 85% of the participants live outside a psychiatric institution, 50% have regular employment again. The high number of those not living in an institution and still unemployed (35%) shows also that the number of available, suital be, simple or protected situations in offices, is low.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Outplacement in the public sector.

The authors' reviewed their experience with a formalized outplacement project used in New York State during 1984 to preserve continuity of employment for those affected by staff reductions in state MR facilities. Mr. Torino's perspective is agencywide, reflecting his responsibility for manpower management throughout New York State's 20 MR/DD facilities. Mr. Whitehead's experience was based on his work at one of the centers involved, Craig developmental--a hundred-year-old, rural facility, serving a five-county region south of Rochester. The paper was presented at the 1984 AMHA annual meeting in Chicago.

Education, Professional, Retraining↗
PubMed2006

Social class, race, and ethnicity: career interventions for women domestic violence survivors.

This story describes a community intervention study conducted with women domestic violence survivors and a research dilemma related to the complex interrelationships between women's social class, race and ethnicity, and career development needs and experiences. The author presents diversity and research dilemmas related to facilitating women's critical consciousness of power dynamics at work in their lives. The influence of community context, career intervention curricula, and research team members' values on research decisions are described. This story highlights the importance of researchers examining their values and how those values impact the communities that they serve.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Career development in schizophrenia: a heuristic framework.

Adults with schizophrenia continue to have poor rates of competitive employment. We have learned how to support individuals in the workplace with supported employment (SE); but have paid limited attention to early vocational identity development, work antecedents, illness characteristics, and career preferences. Vocational identity development is an important and natural condition of human growth for all persons and is well-researched in career counseling. For young adults with schizophrenia, the predictor of positive work outcome with the most evidence has been that working competitively prior to illness leads to better chances for work post-diagnosis. A heuristic framework is proposed to conceptualize how pre-illness vocational development (paid and unpaid) plus life cycle supports can provide direction to the individual in their work recovery.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Identity status research: implications for career counseling.

The purpose of this paper is to describe an empirical approach to the study of adolescence and to apply research findings to vocational counseling. The study of identity status has enriched and supported Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. Case histories of hypothetical clients in the four identity statuses are presented and different approaches for counseling with such clients are suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Matching services to needs. Vocational services for substance abusers.

Problems with employment are common among individuals with substance use disorders, yet comprehensive vocational services are not generally available to them, and vocational interventions are often not matched to their specific needs. This article describes the wide range of vocational problems found among individuals with substance use disorders and the elements of a recently funded vocational program for patients in outpatient and residential drug and alcohol treatment programs. Data are presented describing program activity and documenting program effectiveness for the first 2 years of operation of the program. Three case histories are presented to illustrate the types of services delivered and the matching of services delivered to specific, identified client needs (see Case Histories).

Adult↗