Vital statistics from a breeding colony. Reproduction and pregnancy outcome in Macaca mulatta.
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An analysis of 512 pregnancies that occurred over a 9-year period in a laboratory colony of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) revealed yeat-to-year variation in pregnancy outcome and birth weight. Although births occurred through the year, 72% were between May and August. Male infants outnumbered females 1.31:1 and were heavier at birth. Birth weight was an important determinant of infant survival. Maternal age did not affect birth weight in this sample. Dams present in the colony for long periods tended to deliver smaller infants with a decreased potential for survival. Reproductive causes contributed to 48% of the maternal deaths. Homorrhage at or near the time of delivery was the principle cause of maternal reproductive mortality. Most neonatal deaths were attributable to accident, prematurity or trauma.
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OBJECTIVE: To point out the association between infertility treatments and the increasing number of multiple deliveries. DESIGN: Comparison over time of the incidence of multiple deliveries, the proportion of deliveries resulting from assisted conception (AC), and ovulation inductor sales. DATA: Use of existing statistics: vital statistics, surveys of AC centres and ovulation inductor sales. RESULTS: Between 1972 and 1989 the incidence of twin deliveries rose from 8.8/1000 to 11.2/1000, and the incidence of triplet deliveries from 0.9/10,000 to 4.4/10,000. This upward trend was particularly remarkable among women aged 30 to 39. Since 1978, the triplet delivery rates and the sales of Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin have been rising similarly. Between 1985 and 1989, 26 per cent of the triplet deliveries followed assisted conception and nearly 50 per cent were estimated to be due to ovulation inductor agents. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest a strong influence of infertility treatments and especially ovulation inductor agents in the dramatic increase of triplet deliveries.
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In 1988, 38,910 infants less than 1 year of age died in the United States, 502 fewer than in 1987. The infant mortality rate of 10.0 infant deaths per 1000 live births was the lowest final rate ever recorded; the rate was 10.1 in 1987. This report summarizes final 1988 infant mortality data based on information from death certificates compiled by CDC's National Center for Health Statistics' Vital Statistics System (1) and compares findings with those for 1987.