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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Trends in indirect dentistry: 6. Provisional restorations, more than just a temporary.

The provision of well-fitting, functional provisional restorations is important for a wide variety of reasons, including maintenance of the stability of inter- and intra-arch relationships and positional stability of prepared teeth, and the preservation of occlusal function of anterior provisional restorations by providing appropriate protrusive and lateral guidance. Provisional restorations should be of sufficient strength to resist the forces of occlusion and should be luted with a cement that will resist the forces of removal, yet allow easy removal at the fit appointment without leaving a residue on the prepared tooth. This paper describes the use of provisional restorations in indirect restorative dentistry and suggests some specific techniques for clinical use.

Crowns↗
PubMed1985

Recent developments in materials and processes for ceramic crowns. Council on Dental Materials, Instruments, and Equipment.

Recently, a number of new materials and processes have been introduced for the construction of ceramic jacket crowns. These include new, stronger ceramics for reinforcing porcelain crowns. Also, processes have been developed for fabricating more accurately fitting ceramic crowns. Based on the strengths reported and clinical failure data with comparable materials, they may be suitable for anterior crowns as alternatives to porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns. Manufacturers' indications for use also include posterior crowns. Clinical data on their performance, however, have not yet been documented in published literature. Individual ceramic crowns offer a potential for a better esthetic appearance than porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns. The accepted marginal design indicated by manufacturers for ceramic jacket crowns is the 90 degrees full shoulder with a rounded gingival-axial line angle or a deep chamfer. Tooth reduction is 1.0 to 1.5 mm for axial surfaces and 1.5 to 2.0 mm for incisal edge or occlusal surfaces. Specific margin designs and other recommendations for tooth preparation should be followed for each of these materials. These new developments represent an addition of new materials and technology into an important area of restorative dentistry. As ceramic crowns have similar appearance, it is prudent for the dentist to seek evidence that the new high-strength ceramics are actually being used rather than the weaker conventional porcelains. Information on the clinical performances of the molded and cast ceramic crowns is not yet published. Their performances in long-term clinical situations have yet to be documented and published. The council will publish an update on ceramic crowns when additional information becomes available.

American Dental Association↗
PubMed1986

Acidity of glass ionomer cements during setting and its relation to pulp sensitivity.

Recent findings regarding pulp sensitivity to luting glass ionomer cements have aroused controversy as to the cause of the problem. Contributing factors may include chemical irritation from the material and leakage. The pH changes during setting were determined for three glass ionomer cements, a zinc phosphate cement, and a polycarboxylate cement. The data showed that the glass ionomer luting cements may show lower pH values for longer times than the other cements. This initial acidity, involving a prolonged period at pH below 3, coupled with cytotoxicity of other ingredients, may lead to damaging effects on the pulp when manipulation of the material and tooth preparation and cementation procedures are less than ideal.

Dental Cements↗
PubMed1987

Multiple potential of etched porcelain laminate veneers.

In many clinical situations, the etched-porcelain veneers can provide a restoration that looks natural with a minimum of tooth preparation. Application has been equally successful on mandibular and maxillary teeth. Periodontal response to the veneers, when properly placed, has been excellent.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1987

Esthetic results with full restorations.

The metal-ceramic and all-ceramic esthetic restorations available today bear little resemblance to their predecessors of 2 and 3 decades ago. Metal-ceramic crowns and fixed partial dentures are successful when the dentist understands what biologic and mechanical demands will be placed on the restoration. Tissue management and tooth preparation affect long-term function and esthetic success.

Crowns↗
PubMed1996

Trouble-shooting dual arch impressions.

Dual arch impression techniques enable the dentist to capture an impression of the prepared tooth, the opposing teeth and the occlusal registration in one procedure. This saves chair time and impression material.

Dental Articulators↗
PubMed2001

Clinical evaluation of the efficacy of anesthesia and patient preference using the needle-less jet syringe in pediatric dental practice.

Most dentists are aware that local anesthetic injections produce the highest incidence of disruptive behavior in children. Both psychological and physiological monitoring of the response of children to dental injection, support empirical observations of clinicians. The needle-free injector delivers local anesthesia without the use of a needle. This is accomplished by delivering the anesthetic solution under high compressive forces. One hundred children between the ages of 3 to 13 years underwent operative procedures using Madajet XL. There was a statistically significant difference in favor of the instrument. The instrument was completely successful in providing anesthesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Periodontal splinting with wire and composite resin. A revised approach.

A method for periodontal splinting of anterior teeth with wire and composite resins is described. The method combines the use of a double wire reinforcement shallow tooth preparation, and acid etching to obtain good strength and sealing properties. The sequence of steps are exclusively designed to suit the properties of composite resins. The technique has the advantages of conservatism and simplicity, good esthetics and strength that surpasses that of conventional wire and acrylic or composite splints.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Light induced polymerization of resin composite restorative materials].

INTRODUCTION: Dimensional stability of polymer-based dental materials is compromised by polymerization reaction of the monomer. The conversion into a polymer is accompanied by a closer packing of molecules, which leads to volume reduction called curing contraction or polymerization shrinkage. Curing contraction may break the adhesion between the adhesive system and hard tooth tissues forming microgaps which may result in marginal deterioration, recurrent caries and pulp injury. POLYMERIZATION SHRINKAGE OF RESIN-BASED RESTORATIVE DENTAL MATERIALS: Polymerization of the organic phase (nonomer molecules) of resin-based dental materials causes shrinkage. The space occupied by filler particles is not associated with polymerization shrinkage. However, high filler loading within certain limits, can contribute to a lesser curing contraction. POLYMERIZATION SHRINKAGE STRESS AND STRESS REDUCTION POSSIBILITIES: Polymerization shrinkage stress of polymer-based dental resins can be controlled in various ways. The adhesive bond in tooth-restoration interface guides the contraction forces to cavity walls. If leakage occurs, complications like secondary caries and pulpal irritation may jeopardize the longevity of a restoration. Stress relieve can be obtained by modifications of the monomer and photoinitiator, or by specially designed tooth preparation and application of bases and liners of low modulus of elasticity. The polymerization contraction can be compensated by water absorption due to oral cavity surrounding. The newest approach to stress relief is based on modulation of polymerization initiation. CONCLUSION: This work deals with polymerization contraction and how to achieve leak-proof restoration. Restorative techniques that may reduce the negative effect of polymerization shrinkage stress need further research in order to confirm up-to-date findings.

Composite Resins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative study of dimensional accuracy of different impression techniques using addition silicone impression material.

This study compared dimensional accuracy of the single, double with spacer, double with cut-out and double mix impression technique using addition silicone impression material. A typhodont containing Ivorine teeth model with six (6) full-crown tooth preparations were used as the positive control. Two stone replication models for each impression technique were made as test materials. Accuracy of the techniques were assessed by measuring four dimensions on the stone dies poured from the impression of the Ivorine teeth model. Results indicated that most of the measurements for the height, width and diameter slightly decreased and a few increased compared with the Ivorine teeth model. The double with cut-out and double mix technique presents the least difference from the master model as compared to the two latter impression techniques.

Dental Impression Materials↗
PubMed1998

Computer-assisted design and manufacture of posterior full crowns.

OBJECTIVE: To build an experimental system for the computer-assisted design (CAD) of full crowns and to obtain data for computer-assisted manufacturing (CAM) of full crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three steps are involved in building the system: measuring the prepared tooth, the adjacent mesial and distal teeth, and the opposing teeth by means of digital speckle correlation; reconstructing the shape of the measured teeth; and developing CAD for full crowns. The standard shape of the corresponding tooth was modified to fit the defective tooth on the basis of buccolingual and occlusal-gingival distance as well as the occlusal relationship of the defective tooth. RESULTS: CAD for full crowns was developed and was obtained for CAM of posterior full crowns. CONCLUSIONS: The CAD method for full crowns is convenient and economical and can be used for anterior and posterior crown design, copying, and veneer.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1999

Marshall H. Webb and extension for prevention: a literature review.

Dr Marshall Webb (1844-1883), author, lecturer, debater, clinician, inventor, and dentist extraordinaire, was a decade ahead of others in putting forth a concept of "extension for prevention." One hundred twenty years ago, he was one of the best known, most advanced, and highly regarded dentists in the world. His pioneering work in cardiology, preventive dentistry, ethics, and prevention of recurrent decay raised the standards of what we call operative or conservative dentistry, but he is almost unknown now. However, his concept of conservative tooth preparation could be applied today.

Dental Caries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surface topography and enamel-resin interface of pit and fissure sealants following visible light and argon laser polymerization: an in vitro study.

This in vitro study compared the effects of visible light and argon laser polymerization of pit and fissure sealants on surface topography and the enamel-sealant interface. Twenty caries-free human molars and premolars underwent soft tissue debridement and a fluoride-free prophylaxis. Fluoride-releasing sealant (UltraSeal XT Plus, South Jordan, UT 84095) was placed on the occlusal surfaces per the manufacturer's instructions, but underwent either visible-light polymerization for 30s (n = 10), or argon laser polymerization (0.231 J/cm2) for 10s (n = 10). The sealed teeth were thermocycled (500 cycles, 5 degrees to 50 degrees C) in artificial saliva. Surface morphology was evaluated by SEM. The teeth were sectioned for polarized light and SEM evaluation of the enamel-sealant interface, with two sections per tooth prepared for SEM. Phosphoric acid was used to unmask the enamel-sealant interface with one section; while the other section was not exposed to the phosphoric acid. Surface morphology of the sealant material was similar with both visible light and argon laser polymerization; however, there was a tendency for occasional areas of mild, focal cratering of the sealant surface with laser-curing. The junction between sealant and adjacent unsealed enamel was a relatively smooth transition without gaps, microspaces, crazing, exfoliative changes, or microfractures with both visible light and laser cured sealants. Acid treatment of the sections revealed resin tags which extended into the adjacent enamel for a considerable distance on SEM examination. The resin tas were similar in length and morphology with both visible light and argon laser curing. The enamel-sealant interface with visible light and laser curing showed intimate contact between the sealant and etched occlusal enamel with close apposition of the sealant. No microspaces were identified between the sealant and the occlusal enamel. An intact, interdigitating interface between a sealant and the adjacent etched enamel provides the first line of defense against a cariogenic challenge. Visible-light and argon laser curing allows for an intimate enamel-sealant interface without microspaces and protects sealed enamel from cariogenic challenges. The benefit of argon laser polymerization, fluoride release and mechanical protection of sealant material may provide improved caries resistance in sealed pits and fissures and adjacent nonsealed enamel surfaces.

Argon↗
PubMed2000

Hard tissue laser procedures.

A more conservative, less invasive treatment of the carious lesion has intrigued researchers and clinicians for decades. With over 170 million restorations placed worldwide each year, many of which could be treated using a laser, there exists an increasing need for understanding hard tissue laser procedures. An historical review of past scientific and clinical hard research, biophysics, and histology are discussed. A complete review of present applications and procedures along with their capabilities and limitations will give the clinician a better understanding. Clinical case studies, along with guidelines for tooth preparation and hard tissue laser applications and technological advances for diagnosis and treatment will give the clinician a look into the future.

Biophysical Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bonding to densely sintered alumina surfaces: effect of sandblasting and silica coating on shear bond strength of luting cements.

PURPOSE: An important determinant of the clinical success of ceramic restorations is the bond strength of the luting agent to the seating surface and the prepared tooth structures. Manufacturers of ceramic systems frequently specify both the luting agent and preluting treatment of the seating surface of the crown. Procera AllCeram is an all-ceramic crown comprising a porcelain-veneered coping of densely sintered, high-purity aluminum oxide. This study evaluated the shear bond strength of 4 luting agents: zinc-phosphate, glass-ionomer, resin-modified glass-ionomer, and resin cement (dual cured) to Procera aluminum oxide coping material. The luting agents were subjected to different surface treatments: untreated, sandblasted, or silica coated by the Rocatec system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cylindric and cubic specimens of the coping material were luted together, and the shear force necessary to separate the cylinder from the cube was measured with a universal testing machine. The surfaces of the specimens were also analyzed. RESULTS: No significant differences were recorded for the shear bond strengths of the luting agents to the untreated aluminum oxide. Glass-ionomer and the resin-modified glass-ionomer cements had the highest values (4.2 +/- 2.5 MPa and 4.3 +/- 1.9 MPa, respectively), and the lowest were 3.3 +/- 2.3 MPa for the resin cement and 3.2 +/- 1.0 MPa for the zinc-phosphate cement. Similar results were recorded for the sandblasted aluminum oxide surfaces, except with the glass-ionomer, which was significantly higher (12.9 +/- 2.4 MPa). For all 4 luting agents, the highest shear bond strength values were recorded for the silica-coated specimens; the highest was for the resin cement, at 36.2 +/- 7.8 MPa. CONCLUSION: The bond strengths between resin cement and aluminum oxide specimens treated by the Rocatec system were significantly higher than those of the other materials and surface treatments evaluated.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed1999

A prospective clinical evaluation of electronically mixed polyvinyl siloxane impression materials: results from the prosthetic "SuperStudy"--a consumer evaluation.

Polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impression materials incorporating a polyether carbosilane wetting agent and mixed with an electronic mixing system (Pentamix) were clinically compared with traditionally delivered (i.e., automixed) PVS impression materials during routine use by 1,505 general and specialized dental practitioners evaluating more than 30,000 impressions. Each study participant selected 20 patients and used standard tooth-preparation procedures appropriate to the therapy required, supplied specific data on each case, and ultimately evaluated the marginal detail, fit, and success of the final restorations. The areas requiring evaluation upon completion of the final restorations were ranked between "excellent," "good," "poor," and "remake needed," among users of the PVS materials with the electronic mixing system. About 80% of the respondents rated the Pentamix system as easier to mix and deliver than the gun or hand-mixed systems and two thirds said it was faster to mix. The system also received high scores for hygienic delivery, ease of mixing, and clean-up.

Consumer Behavior↗
PubMed2001

Aluminum oxide air abrasion particles: a bacteriologic and SEM study.

OBJECTIVE: The objective is to determine if aerobic and anaerobic sampling yields viable biologic contaminants in the aluminum oxide air abrasion powder as delivered by the manufacturer and to determine mean particle size for comparison with the published size from manufacturers and the range of sizes in the powders. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Samples from 15 unopened aluminum oxide powder containers from 9 different manufacturers were plated on aerobic and anaerobic culture media. The cultures were incubated at 35 degrees C and observed at 24-hour intervals. Samples of each of the 15 groups were subjected to scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination. Photomicrographs were obtained and a range and mean particle size determined. RESULTS: Aerobic and anaerobic cultures demonstrated no growth in any of the samples. Mean particle size determined by SEM for 25- to 27.5-micron particles ranged from 27.3 microns to 32.0 microns with standard deviations from 1.06 microns to 7.70 microns. Mean particle size for 50 microns particles ranged from 51.6 microns to 59.7 microns with standard deviations of 5.48 microns to 14.80 microns. CONCLUSION: Aluminum oxide powders as delivered by manufacturers appeared to be free from viable microorganisms. The powder mean particle sizes approximate the labeled sizes closely enough such that they should perform properly in air abrasion tooth preparation.

Aluminum Oxide↗