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PubMed1987

Act No. 556, 9 July 1987.

This Act amends Section 286 of the Criminal Code, which deals with the sale of minor children, to define "legal fees," which under Section 286 can legally be paid by a person contemplating adopting a minor child not yet born. They are "anything of value paid or received for rendering of legal services in connection with an act of voluntary surrender of a child for adoption and shall not include a broker's fee paid in connection with an act of voluntary surrender." In addition, "broker's fees" are defined as "anything of value paid or received for the procurement, attempted procurement, or assistance in the procurement of a party to an act of voluntary surrender of a child for adoption." A 1986 amendment to Section 286 raised the penalties for sale of minor children to "five thousand dollars or imprisonment with or without hard labor for not more than five years, or both." Previously the penalty figures were one thousand dollars and six months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Joint Women's Programme v. State of Rajasthan, 24 March 1987.

By means of this decision, the Supreme Court of India directed the states of Rajasthan and Haryana to proceed with the investigation of two so-called dowry deaths. The decision also directed the two states to create Special Dowry Cells at the state level to investigate dowry deaths through special investigative units and authorized the ministry dealing with social welfare and women's problems to designate one or two leading women social workers to be associated with the Cells.

Asia↗
PubMed1987

Kailash Kaur v. State of Punjab, 28 April 1987.

The Supreme Court of India rejected the appeal of a mother-in-law convicted of murdering her daughter-in-law by setting her on fire because she was unhappy about the amount of dowry the deceased had brought with her. In its decision the Court noted that in cases such as this it "is the duty of the Court to deal with it in [the] most severe and strict manner and award the maximum penalty prescribed by the law in order that it may operate as a deterrent to other persons from committing such anti-social crimes." It also regretted the fact that the lower court judge had not treated the case as fit "for awarding the maximum penalty under the law." In another decision issued on 23 September 1985 (All India Reporter, 1986, SC pp. 250-268) the Supreme Court upheld the murder convictions of persons involved in a "bride-burning" incident.

Asia↗
PubMed1987

African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights.

This Convention contains provisions relating to women's rights, pay equity, health, education, the family, the aged, freedom of movement, and asylum. Algeria ratified the Convention on 20 March 1987, Benin on 25 February 1986, Botswana on 22 July 1986, Burkina Faso on 21 September 1984, Cape Verde on 6 August 1987, Central African Republic on 27 July 1986, Chad on 11 November 1986, Comoros on 18 July 1986, Egypt on 3 April 1984, Equatorial Guinea on 18 August 1986, Gabon on 26 June 1986, Guinea-Bissau on 6 March 1986, Libya on 26 March 1987, Sao Tome and Principe on 28 July 1986, Sierra Leone on 27 January 1984, Somalia on 20 March 1986, Sudan on 11 March 1986, Tanzania on 9 March 1984, Uganda on 27 May 1986, Zaire 28 July 1987, Zambia on 2 February 1984, and Zimbabwe on 12 June 1986.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A note on ageing.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Health education at school].

The major health problems of our time cannot be solved only by the physicians. Despite important scientific advances, the number of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, bronchopathies and drug addictions increases. Prevention is a way of improving this alarming situation. Actually, the health of our contemporaries largely depends on themselves. For example, in a world without tobacco, one third of cancers and ninety per cent of lung and larynx tumors would not occur. Thus, the protections of human being's and nature's health are equally essential. Both are the State responsibility. Including hygiene in school education is a critical necessity in view of teaching young French students good health practices by which they will be impressed all their life. School has not only to teach but also to educate. This wish is in agreement with the Declaration of Child Rights voted by the General Assembly of United Nations on November 20, 1959. Unfortunately, the signatory nations do not put in practice this resolution which states that children must be protected against social risks. Descartes believed that "if the human species can be improved the means must be searched in medicine". This essential mission belong today to the educative system from home to school. At the dawn of the third millennium this "children institution", as Montaigne said, may provide health to future generations.

France↗
PubMed2004

[On methods for unambiguous assessment of occupational environmental factors in occupational medicine].

Suggested system to formalize hygienic information is designed for definite and unambiguous assessment of varied totality of occupational environmental parameters in specific object of sanitary supervision; for study and analysis of physiologic, hygienic and clinical dependencies of workers' health state on the work conditions; for further specification of scientifically based prophylactic measures and social economic protection of workers.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2004

The history of Yunosawa village and the leprosy policy in Japan: a study of a free medical-treatment area for leprosy patients.

The village of Yunosawa, near Kusatsu town, Gunma Prefecture, Japan, existed as a refuge for Hansen's disease sufferers from 1887 to 1941. It was the only such place to maintain, to its final closure, self-government free from the pre-war State isolation policy. The aim of this study is to clarify the dynamism from the notion of "the protection from social persecution of leprosy patients" to the notion of "the defense of society from the leprosy patients as a source of infection". Herein, I will explain history of Yunosawa village and its relation to the shift in State policy concerning leprosy. In addition, I will demonstrate the value of a free medical-treatment area.

Financing, Government↗
PubMed2006

[Regulation requirements for new investments to protect the environment against electromagnetic fields].

The date of 28 July 2005, when the amendments to the Environmental Protection Act and related acts entered into force, is crucial for the future installations of the majority of electromagnetic fields emitters. Since the amendments let the environmental protection assessment procedures be more "independent", set the decision on environmental conditions for development consent and transposed the rules of managing and protection of Natura 2000 sites, they are considered as a revolution in the environmental impact assessment system. According to new rules, the decision on environmental conditions for development consent is granted for the project that may have a significant impact on the environment listed in the regulation issued by the Council of Ministers on 9 November 2004 on the types of projects that may have significant impact on the environment and detailed criteria for screening of the projects for which the environmental impact report may be required or for other projects that may have significant impact on Natura 2000 sites.

Electromagnetic Fields↗
PubMed1990

[Mechanisms and physiologic role of yawning].

As well as being present in all mammals, yawning occurs, at least in its mandibular component, in all vertebrates. The existence of pathological and pharmacologically induced yawning justifies study of this everyday ENT reflex. Its mechanism remains uncertain. The most likely hypothesis would seem to be stimulation of the reticular system of the brain-stem by signals originating in masseteric neuromuscular spindles sensitive to stretching. Serotoninergic inhibition from the dorsal raphe, a fall in hypothalamic dopaminergic inhibitory tone, followed by ocytocinergic hippocampal activation and then more diffuse cholinergic activation of cranial nerve motor nuclei seems likely. Various hormonal or socio-environmental influences can modify the activity of these different systems. The physiological consequences and the communicative value of yawning become more diversified with the phylogenetic evolution of the subject. Yawning appears to correspond to an alertness reflex which has acquired a paralinguistic value with evolution and may have a role in protection or social cohesion.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of the activities of psychoneurological dispensaries rendering the services to patients with borderline conditions].

As many as 1,851 disease histories of patients belonging to the group of mental disorders of non-psychotic level (code MKB-9 300-317) were analyzed within the framework of the organizational experiment with a purpose of reorganizing the dispensary assistance. The data obtained indicate that the diagnosis and the treatment recommendations are not based enough in all the cases, with social restricting measures dominating over social and protective ones. For such a group of patients, the dispensary follow up is not justified. That is why the available dispensary services require changes in the principles and concrete patterns of their functioning.

Community Mental Health Centers↗