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PubMed1990

Pneumoconiosis (silicosis) in the confectionery industry.

Pneumoconiosis is not reported in food industry workers, and more specifically in the confectionery industry. We diagnosed diffuse pulmonary interstitial nodular fibrosis due to inhalation of powder containing quartz in a 54 year-old asymptomatic woman. Silicosis was due to a 5-year period of talc dust exposure 35 years earlier in the confectionery industry. The diagnosis was supported by a history of exposure, transbronchial lung biopsy specimen, 67Gallium scan, and CT scan. Our patient had an unusual history of exposure, which was not readily disclosed until the patient's memories, and after consultation with an expert in confectionery techniques, indicated she had been exposed to talc powder during her employment in the confectionery industry.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Lung cancer incidence among Swedish ceramic workers with silicosis.

The incidence of lung cancer among 280 silicotic men working in the ceramics industry and notified to the Swedish Silicosis Registry has been investigated. During the study period 1958-83, the risk of lung cancer (nine cases) was double that expected based on national rates. There was no increased incidence of cancer at any other site. The results are in agreement with those of both animal and epidemiological studies of quartz exposure and point to an increased risk of lung cancer, especially among silicotics. Various possible explanations of this increased risk are discussed, but further studies are required.

Ceramics↗
PubMed1990

[Dynamics of the loss of pulmonary function in patients with silicosis--a retrospective analysis by experts].

In a longitudinal study involving 109 patients suffering from silicosis, the development of lung function impairment was investigated. As a rule, functional disorders were found to develop only after the age of 50. Obstructive ventilation disturbances are by far the most common and are followed by restrictive disorders. Residual volume and arterial PO2 on physical exercise showed the highest rates of functional impairment and deterioration. The changeover to the more severely impaired groups occurred most quickly in the case of PO2--within a period of 4.3 +/- 2.2 years.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1987

[Action of dextran-modified hyaluronidase in experimental silicosis].

Dextran-modified hyaluronidase was inhaled or intraperitoneally injected for 4 months to mice with silicosis. Stabilized hyaluronidase was shown to have a marked inhibitory effect on the development of lung fibrosis. Drug inhalation proved to be the most effective. An antifibrotic effect of dextran itself has been observed.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1989

[Tuberculin-cytochemical test in the differential diagnosis of silicosis and silicotuberculosis with intrathoracic adenopathy].

Cytochemical tuberculin-associated shifts along with their prognostic evaluation were studied in 30 patients with silicosis and silicotuberculosis with intrathoracic adenopathy. The study revealed that a decrease of alkaline phosphatase activity of neutrophils, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase lymphocytes could serve as an early indicator of tuberculosis process in the pulmonary tissue and intrathoracic lymph nodes.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Collagen biosynthesis enzymes in lung tissue and serum of rats with experimental silicosis.

The activities of prolyl 4-hydroxylase, galactosylhydroxylysyl glucosyltransferase (GGT) and lysyl oxidase (three enzymes catalysing post-translational modifications of collagen) were measured in the lungs of rats exposed to silica (DQ12). Circulatory levels of GGT were also estimated. Rats were killed after 24 h and at 6, 12 and 24 weeks after a single intratracheal instillation of either 12.5 or 25 mg of silica (DQ12). Control animals received saline. The total activity of the three enzymes in the lungs of the exposed animals was significantly increased at all times (P less than 0.05). The circulatory levels of GGT were also increased though some differences failed to reach significance. Thus increased activities of enzymes of collagen biosynthesis correlated with the development of silicosis and occurred within 24 h of treatment. This suggests that the changes responsible for the eventual development of fibrosis are operative within hours of dust exposure.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

Kinetics of inflammatory and fibrotic pulmonary changes in a murine model of silicosis.

A murine model of experimental silicosis has been developed after the intratracheal injection of alpha-quartz crystals. Pulmonary inflammation was monitored by increases in wet lung weight and cell number and protein content of the lung lavage fluid; fibrosis was assessed by measuring increases in hydroxyproline content of the lungs. Acute pulmonary cellular inflammation occurred between weeks 1 and 2, followed by a chronic inflammatory response at week 12. Lung hydroxyproline content, an indication of collagen deposition, was initiated as early as 1 week after silica injection and continued to increase steadily over time. The inflammatory and fibrotic changes induced by silica appeared to be a specific effect of the injection of this toxic particulate and not the result of the introduction of a foreign body, because mice injected with silica crystals were found to have significantly greater increases in acute cellular inflammation and chronic collagen deposition than did mice injected with latex beads. A possible role for the immune system in modulating silica-induced damage was suggested by the variability in response of six different strains of mice (C3H/He, CBA/J, Balb/c, DBA/2, C57BL/6, C57BL/10), which differed at specific genetic loci. Both strains with high (DBA/2) and low (C3H/He) response demonstrated similar patterns of inflammation and fibrosis over a period of 12 weeks. This model demonstrates great potential in future studies for elucidating the role of the immune system in the development of pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis induced by toxic inorganic particulates.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Accelerated silicosis in a foundry shotblaster. A case report.

A case of accelerated silicosis in a shotblaster in an iron foundry is described. The clinical course was notable for the rapid progression of cor pulmonale and the appearance of clubbing over a period of 2-3 months. Radiographic and pathological features atypical of the more chronic forms of the disease are described. The importance of the occupational history and the need for the strictest respiratory protection in such work are illustrated. Stringent control of this type of operation is urgently needed.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Characteristics of work capacity of patients with silicosis occurring after stopping their work in exposure to dust].

The whole contingent of patients, ill with silicosis manifested after interrupting work with dust, registered up to 1984, at the Clinic of Occupational Diseases, Sofia was examined. Analysis was made of the lasting disability of the patients. A study was performed on the relation between group of invalidity and age groups in the newly discovered cases; group of invalidity and length of service at dry drilling; group and diagnosis of the illness in stages; connection between x-ray morphological displays and functional disturbances and group of invalidity. Recommendations are given concerning the basic pneumoconiosis process and its complications and the interrelations between pneumoconiosis disease, chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of reduced fat content of the diet of the rat and a single fat load on the lipopexic function of the lungs and the development of silicosis].

A diet with low fat content did not influence the lipid level in the lungs and fibrinogenesis values in the development of silicosis in rats, due to the intensification of the lung lipopexic function, that was revealed in the prefibrosis period, using single fat load. A direct correlation of the lung lipopexic function degree in the prefibrosis period with the degree of pneumophibrosis developing afterwards was noted. The optimum time for the study of the rat lung lipopexic function was specified (1.5 h) after single fat load. It is recommended that the lung lipopexic function, as an indirect sign of the degree of the development of proliferative-cellular reactions in the lungs, be investigated in subjects engaged in the work associated with the risk of pneumoconiosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Data on cellular subpopulations in bronchoalveolar lavage in silicosis and asbestosis patients. Case contribution].

Data on the cytology of BAL performed on 8 silicosis and 5 asbestosis patients with different degrees of radiological profusion and functional impairment are examined. The prevalently neutrophilic alveolitis reported in the literature in these forms of pneumoconiosis is confirmed, while differences were found between the percentage of lymphocyte subpopulations in the two diseases.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes of immunologic reactivity in experimental silicosis].

Some results are brought concerning particular unspecific immunity indicators of experimental silicosis of Wistar rats induced by intratracheal quartz application (30 mg/kg "DQ12"). A decrease of antihuman antibody albumin production and an inhibition of blood neutrophil phagocytic response especially in the first phase was observed compared with control rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[The significance of the migration of disseminated small round opacities in lung disease--with silicosis serving as a model (author's transl)].

Radiographic follow-up studies of cases of silicosis serve as an example to illustrate the migration of nodular lung disease--in order to demonstrate the fact that silicotic pulmonary nodules with dense profusion tend to coalesce resulting in the formation of large opacities. More widely disseminated nodules with less dense profusion can--on the contrary--result in migration towards the periphery of the lung and thus mimick pleural disease by the formation of subpleural nodules.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Some immunological findings in silicosis.

Results of an experimental study of the effect of quartz [DQ 12a1 administered intratracheally to Wistar line rats on the status of their immunological reactivity. The results obtained showed that a significant inhibition of antibody formation to human albumin took place in animals with experimental silicosis in comparison with control rats that were given physiological saline or corundum as established by passive haemagglutination reaction according to Boyden as well as enhancement of the intensity of the delayed-type hypersensitivity to tuberculin. That became manifest by stronger inhibition of macrophage migration from spleen fragments.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Brick and concrete driller's silicosis].

Two unusual observations on silicosis in workers specialized in brick and concrete drilling prompted the authors to draw attention to this hitherto little recognized silicogenic hazard. Drilling specialists are employed in new construction and reconstruction firms for the purpose of drilling apertures in completed walls. During the processes of drilling, chiselling and milling in concrete and in brick walls, silicogenic dust is produced, often in concentrations clearly exceeding the maximal concentration values (MAC). In the interests of disease prevention this economy-motivated but health-threatening technique of drilling apertures in walls after they have been completed should be abandoned.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Bronchial cancer in anthracosilicosis and silicosis. Study of workers in coal fields in Wallonia].

This study was carried out between 1973 and 1982 on the proportional mortality by lung cancer of a group of workers living either in Brussells or in Wallonia and receiving compensation for silicosis or anthrasilicosis. The majority of patients suffered from anthrasilicosis (more than 96%) and had been exposed to the risk of pneumoconiosis in one of the four coal fields in Wallonia. If, in 13,822 deaths studied the proportional mortality from lung cancer had grown by 0.56% per year reaching 3.7% in 1973 and 9.3% in 1982, it remained below that for a similar Belgian population matched for age and sex. No correlation could be found between the occurrence of this tumour and one or other radiological category as defined by the international classification of pneumoconiosis in 1980. In addition the severity of pneumoconiosis, either from a radiological or functional view, hardly had any influence on the genesis of lung cancer. Finally, the localisation of the tumour and the different histological types do not differ from that reported in the literature among the general population. On the other hand a significant rise in proportional mortality from lung cancer between 1973 and 1982 (p less than 0.001) seemed to be related to two factors, smoking habitis (89.1% of subjects dying from lung cancer were smokers at the moment of death against 68.5% of smokers among other causes of death), and above all the progressive aging of the population of pneumoconioties receiving compensation, the cross section 50-69 rose from 53.17% in 1973 to 73.8% in 1982.

Aged↗