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PubMed2000

[Physician-patient relations in tuberculosis].

The "rating design" procedure was first used to examine 168 patients with tuberculosis. The image of an ideal doctor as perceived by patients was studied and it was compared with the traits of a practitioner by sex, age, residence, marital status, social class, disease duration, hospital stay, etc. It is shown that there is a great discrepancy of these images, which requires psychohygienic work with phthisiologists in order to create partner relations during treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Blood transfusions and risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma subtypes and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Allogeneic blood transfusion has been suggested as a risk factor for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), possibly specific to certain NHL subtypes, or chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Self-reported transfusion history and risk of NHL subtypes and CLL were examined in a cohort of 37,934 older Iowa women, using data from a questionnaire mailed in 1986. Through 1997, 229 cases of NHL and 57 cases of CLL in the cohort were identified through linkage to the Iowa Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Cancer REGISTRY: Women who reported ever receiving a blood transfusion were at increased risk for all NHLs [age adjusted relative risk (RR), 1.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2-2.1). On the basis of the Working Formulation classification, blood transfusion was positively associated with low-grade NHL (RR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.7-4.5) but not with intermediate-grade NHL (RR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.7-1.6); there were only 8 cases of high-grade NHL. Blood transfusion was positively associated with follicular (RR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.6-5.1) and small lymphocytic (RR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.5-7.9) NHL subtypes but not with diffuse NHL (RR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.7-1.5). There was also a positive association with CLL (RR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0-3.0). Finally, transfusion was associated with nodal (RR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.3-2.5) but not extranodal (RR, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.7-2.1) NHL. Further adjustment for marital status, farm residence, diabetes, alcohol use, smoking, and red meat and fruit consumption did not alter these associations. In conclusion, prior blood transfusion was associated with NHL and CLL, and the strongest associations were seen for low-grade NHL, particularly follicular and small lymphocytic NHL.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Do employees use report cards to assess health care provider systems?

OBJECTIVE: To investigate consumers' use of report cards that provide information on service quality and satisfaction at the provider group level. DATA SOURCES: In 1998 we conducted a telephone survey of randomly selected employees in firms aligned with the Buyers Health Care Action Group (BHCAG) in the Minneapolis-St. Paul market. STUDY DESIGN: Univariate probit models were used to determine report card utilization, perceived helpfulness of the report card, and ease of selecting a provider group. The characteristics used in the models included health status, age, gender, education, residency, job tenure, marital status, presence of dependent children, household income, and whether consumers changed provider groups. DATA COLLECTION: Our sample consists of survey responses from 996 single individuals (a response rate of 91 percent) and 913 families (a response rate of 96 percent). The survey was supplemented with data obtained directly from employers aligned with BHCAG. PRINCIPLE FINDINGS: Consumers who changed to a new provider group are more likely to use report card information and find it helpful, consumers employed in large firms are less likely to use the report card, and families who use information from their own health care experiences are less likely to find the report card helpful. In addition, individuals who changed to a new provider group are more likely to find the selection decision difficult. CONCLUSION: The findings show that health care consumers are using satisfaction and service-quality information provided by their employers.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Epidemiology of lumbar disc lesions in the military in World War II.

A study was carried out in 1095 first Army hospital admissions for lumbar herniation of the nucleus pulposus (HNP) who were individually matched on age and period of service during World War II to holders of Army National Service Life Insurance policies. For both the cases and the comparison group, data were obtained from military records, particularly records of induction into service. Factors showing a statistically significant positive association (p less than 0.05) with admission for HNP in the entire sample and also among enlisted cases matched to enlisted members of the comparison group were: occupation of craftsman or foreman, married status, rural residence, excess height, excess weight, heavy frame, good posture, defects relating to back or legs, military occupation specialty of ground combat, and rank of sergeant or staff sergeant. Factors showing a negative association with admission for HNP in these same groups were: clerical occupation, two or more battle stars earned and officer rank. Essentially the same relationships were found among cases with surgically confirmed diagnoses of HNP, less than 30 years old at hospital admission, and with recent onset of symptoms, when the cases in these groups were compared with their matches in the comparison group. Mechanical factors related to body build as evaluated by height and weight measurements appear to be of significance in the etiology of HNP. Occupational factors also appear to be of importance. Some cases and some controls were hospitalized prior to the first hospital admission of the case for a disease possibly related to HNP. For that time period there were no remarkable differences between cases and controls in service hospital diagnoses, including those of trauma.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Immigration Regulations, 1978, amendment (SOR/88-537), 17 October 1988.

This amendment gives permanent residents who have completed three years' residence in Canada the same right as Canadian citizens to sponsor the immigration of their parents as family class members. Previously such a resident could sponsor a parent only if the parent was over 60 years old, infirm, or widowed.

Americas↗
PubMed1988

Regulations concerning the entry, exit, and residence of foreigners in Taiwan, September 1988.

Among other things, these Regulations provide that 1) foreigners who have residence permits for Taiwan and who must apply for exit permits before being allowed to leave will not be allowed to leave if any concerned authorities put a restriction on their exits or if their case is under consideration and 2) children born to Chinese females who are married to foreigners will not be allowed to have Taiwan citizenship but will be allowed to stay in Taiwan if they apply as stateless persons wanting residence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Establishment of alien registration requirements, 7 January 1988.

On 7 January 1988, the Immigration Commissioner of the Philippines announced that all temporary or permanent aliens resident in the Philippines were required to register with the Commission on Immigration and Deportation in order to legalize their stay in the country. Those who failed to register by a March deadline were subject to immediate deportation. The Commission also set a P500,000 reward for those giving information on the whereabouts of overstaying or undesirable aliens. Effective 21 November 1988, President Corazon Aquino ordered the alien legalization program to be suspended. See Manila Radio Veritas, 18 November 1988; Foreign Broadcast Information Service, FBIS-EAS-88-224, 21 November 1988, p. 41.

Asia↗
PubMed1988

Ordinance-Law No. 87-033 amending and completing Ordinance-Law No. 83-033 of 12 September 1983 relating to the aliens' police, 8 August 1987.

Among other things, this Ordinance-Law provides 1) that a foreigner with a visa may stay in Zaire; 2) a foreigner who wishes to stay in Zaire for more than six months must have a visa stamped by the President of the Republic and a resident card; and 3) a foreigner who is born in Zaire must obtain a residence card within 30 days, subject to the provisions of Article 5 and 8 of Ordinance-Law 83-033.

Africa↗
PubMed1988

Decree No. 43 of 1988 on Conditions for granting work permits for foreigners, 8 March 1988.

This Decree provides that foreigners are not to be permitted to work in Egypt until they have obtained a work permit from the Office of Manpower and Training. In deciding whether to grant a work permit, the Office is to consider the following principles: 1) a foreigner should not be competing with Egyptian citizens who are equally or better qualified; 2) a foreigner must comply with regulations relating to skills and experience established by Egyptian law; and 3) a foreigner born and permanently resident in Egypt is to be given priority over other foreigners. The Office is also to consider the need of the Egyptian economy and of the specific place of work for the foreigner's work. The total number of foreigners employed is not to exceed 10% of the work force of any establishment, although exceptions can be made to this rule in the interests of the Egyptian economy. Exceptions to the provisions of this Decree can also be made for foreigners married to Egyptian citizens. In addition, persons of indeterminate nationality residing in Egypt at least 15 years and political refugees certified as such are to be given priority in employment. Under the Decree, employers are to keep a register of foreigners employed. Further provisions of the Decree relate to fees charged for work permits and the circumstances under which work permits can be withdrawn or forfeited.

Africa↗
PubMed1988

Executive Decree No. 13, 27 May 1988.

Among other things, this Decree provides that all employers are to have a work force 95% of which consists of workers of Panamanian origin or the foreign spouses of Panamanian citizens with 10 years' residence in Panama. The Decree also provides that foreign workers may not make up more than 12% of employees employed in specialized or technical jobs.

Americas↗
PubMed1988

Law No. 470, 27 October 1988.

This Law contains rules on the registration and censuses of Italians abroad. It provides that registers are to be kept in municipalities and with the Ministry of the Interior, sets forth details on registration procedures and the cancellation and modification of registration, and describes the categories of Italian citizens abroad who are to be included in registers.

Censuses↗
PubMed1988

Act respecting the family allowance for children, No. 147, 19 March 1986, and Act respecting children's allowances and the advance payment of children's subsidies, No. 350, 4 June 1986.

In 1986, Denmark's family allowance scheme was modified by these two Acts with effect from 1 July 1987. The regular allowance and the youth allowance were abolished by the second Act and replaced by the first Act with a single allowance "for children in the family" payable with respect to every child under the age of 18. The new allowance is payable quarterly and set at DKr 1250 per quarter. Payment of the allowance is taxable in Denmark, but no longer conditional on the child being permanently resident in Denmark. Allowances are no longer dependent on the income of parents and are adjusted by a percentage fixed by law every year, rather than by the cost of living.

Aid to Families with Dependent Children↗