Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Occupations”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Parental occupation and other factors and cancer risk in children: I. Study methodology and non-occupational factors.

A population-based case-control study of risk factors for childhood cancer was conducted for 593 cases diagnosed over the period 1986-1988 in Moscow children 0 to 14 years of age. Two healthy controls to every case were selected from registers of local pediatric polyclinics by age, gender and residence. The parents of 593 cases and 1181 controls were interviewed face-to-face. Significantly higher odds ratios (OR) were associated with cancer in close relatives [OR 1.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-1.9], any pathology associated with pregnancy (OR 2.9; 95% CI 2.4-3.6), including threatened miscarriage (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.5-3.0), toxemia (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.8-2.8) and hormone treatment during pregnancy (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.0-4.5). Pre-term births were significantly associated with brain-cancer risk (6/1; OR 13.3; 95% CI 1.5-301.2). For low birth weight (< or = 2500 g) children born from full-term pregnancy, the OR for all cancers combined was 2.5 (23/22; 95% CI 1.4-4.7) and for leukemias 4.7 (9/4; 95% CI 1.4-16.5). In all, 100 cases and 151 controls had birth weight > or = 4000 g (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1-1.9). Risk of nephroblastoma was also significantly related to this factor (11/5; OR 5.1; 95% CI 1.6-16.4). A positive trend of OR with decreasing duration of breastfeeding was significant for all cancer combined (p < 0.05). Significantly higher OR were observed for dermatitis (12/6; OR 4.0; 95% CI 1.4-12.1) and viral hepatitis (40/22; OR 3.8; 95% CI 2.3-6.3) in child medical history.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Parental occupation and intracranial neoplasms of childhood: anecdotal evidence from a unique occupational cancer cluster.

Near the end of the data-collection phase of a case-control interview study of environmental factors and childhood brain tumors, an unusual space-time cluster was revealed. Not only had six genetically unrelated children been diagnosed with a primary intracranial tumor in a recent 2.4 year period in a rural county in Ohio, but each child had one parent employed by the same company (two mothers, four fathers). This represents an observed/expected ratio greater than 70 (p much less than 0.001). All tumors were microscopically confirmed, and all case parents worked at the facility in question for at least 1 year prior to conception, during the index pregnancy, and for at least 6 months after birth. The place of parental employment was an electronics firm (Standard Industrial Classification [SIC] group number 367, electronic components and accessories), where more than 100 chemical compounds are used by the company in a manufacturing process. Results of the cluster investigation are described, including a description of the case series. This cancer cluster is unique in that the index case series is composed of the offspring of workers, not the workers themselves.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Studies on differences in the preventive effects of habitual physical activity in occupation versus leisure time. II. Effects of physical activity in occupation versus leisure time on physical working capacity (author's transl)].

One hundred and twenty men, aged 23--60 years and having various professions participated in studies on relationships between daily physical activity and physical performance capacity (PPC). The determination of daily physical activity at work and of the habitual leisure time activities has been described earlier (Ilmarinen et al. 1980). The determination of physical performance capacity was based on W170, W85% and on predicted VO2 max measured with continuously increasing work load on a bicycle ergometer. The W85% modification corresponds to the working capacity at a heart rate level of 85% of maximal heart rate. Workers with a combination of heavy physical work and active leisure time showed systematically the highest absolute and relative values of PPC. However, although the results indicated that the effect of work activity on PPC was not significant, the effects of leisure time activities on W85% and on VO2 max related to lean body mass were significant. It is concluded that the leisure time sport activities are more important than the physical activity at work in maintaining or increasing the PPC. Aerobic sport activities in leisure time are recommended both for persons with physically heavy and light work.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Occupational PAH exposure: urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels of coke oven workers, aluminium smelter pot-room workers, road pavers, and occupationally non-exposed persons in Sweden.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels in air, and worker urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels were studied in a coke oven, a Söderberg aluminium smelter pot-room, and during road-paving. Increased PAH exposure was shown to cause increased 1-hydroxypyrene excretion. Road-paving gave low PAH exposure, but resulted in a detectable elevated urinary 1-hydroxypyrene level. Background urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels in office workers were determined, and a statistically significant difference between smokers and non-smokers was observed. It is suggested that urinary 1-hydroxypyrene can be used as biological exposure index for PAH exposure.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗