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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Studies on Bancroftian filariasis in Liberia, West Africa. I. Distribution and prevalence in the north-western savanna area.

A nightblood survey was carried out in 17 villages in the savanna area in Upper Lofa in Liberia. A total of 1968 people was examined for the prevalence of microfilariae of Wuchereia bancrofti and for clinical symptoms of filariasis. 279 (14,2%) persons proved to be microfilaria carriers. Men were almost twice (19,0%) as much infected than women (10,4%). Only two cases of leg elephantiasis and one breast elephantiasis were found. Enlargements of scrotum were seen in 60 men (6,9%). The scrotal enlargement rate increased steadily with age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Use of contextual information in the formation of cognitive maps.

To investigate the importance of context and presentation of serial order of information in the formation of cognitive maps, subjects were shown slides of pairwise relationships between items and then asked to construct a map. Two context conditions were used: a spatial condition in which the item pairs appeared in the same location on the screen as they would appear in a slide of the entire map and a nonspatial condition in which all item pairs appeared centered on the screen. Information order was either chain, in which new information could be immediately added to the representation, or nonchain, in which brief storage was required. The results indicated that both spatial context and chain order enhance performance. In addition, spatial information reduces the effect of serial order, perhaps by allowing subjects to relate new information to the context itself if they cannot relate it to previous information.

Cognition↗
PubMed1985

Helicopter copilot workload during nap-of-the-earth flight.

Two automatic navigation systems, a Doppler radar system and a projected map system, and a hand-held map were examined for their effects on copilot/navigator workload and performance. The automatic navigation systems reduced the number of navigation errors and the size of deviations from intended tract. The Doppler system reduced the time devoted to navigating and the number of verbal navigation messages exchanged between the pilot and copilot. The projected map system reduced visual workload. However, with all three navigation systems, more than 80% of the copilots' time was spent on navigation tasks, less than 10% of their time was visual "free time" that could be used for other tasks, and greater than 20% of the aircrew's time was occupied with navigation communications.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Young children's ability to infer spatial relationships: evidence from a large, familiar environment.

Young (mean age = 3-9) and old (mean age = 5-0) nursery school children were tested on their ability to infer spatial relationships in a large, familiar environment. Each child in the younger group was matched to a child of the same sex in the older group who had been attending the nursery school for the same number of months. Subjects were taken to 3 different locations in their nursery school and were asked to point to 5 targets on the school grounds. Older children were more accurate than younger children on nursery school targets, but children's spatial representations were relatively nonintegrated at both age levels. Consistent sex differences in favor of males were discussed in the context of a new framework that could potentially explain the appearance of sex differences on spatial tasks conducted in large-scale environments. It was concluded that very young children have difficulty inferring spatial relationships, even in a large, familiar environment. This difficulty seems to be due to a relative lack of symbolic capacity.

Child Development↗
PubMed1979

[Nosogeography of viral hepatitis in the Ukraine over the last 25 years (1952-1976)].

For 25 years of observation the morbidity rate of viral hepatitis in the Ukraine was irregular. In individual regions the morbidity level fluctuated within 2 to 3-fold range. Regions with invariably high or low morbidity levels for viral hepatitis were distributed over the territory of the republic not chaotically, but in zones: a zone with invariably high morbidity rate (western), a zone with morbidity rate corresponding to the average level for the republic (south-western), and a zone with an invariably low morbidity rate (north-eastern). The expediency of dividing the territory into epidemiological areas in respect of viral hepatitis on a regional or republican level is discussed.

Disease Reservoirs↗