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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

California Verbal Learning Test indicators of suboptimal performance in a sample of head-injury litigants.

Cutoff scores suggested by Millis, Putnam, Adams, and Ricker (1995) for detecting suboptimal performance on indices from the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) were evaluated using data from 193 compensation-seeking participants. All participants claimed to have suffered a blow to the head in an accident causing subsequent deterioration in cognitive function. The participants were divided into those with negligible or possible mild brain injuries and those with clear evidence of moderate to severe brain injuries. In addition to the CVLT, all participants were administered the Computerized Assessment of Response Bias (CARB), a two-alternative forced choice test of recognition memory that is used to detect feigned cognitive impairment. For all CVLT indices, the distributions of outcome (valid vs. suboptimal performance) was unrelated to age and brain injury severity, and only weakly associated with education. However, a significantly higher proportion of males than females obtained scores in the suboptimal performance range. The CVLT indices were not fully redundant with each other with respect to binary participant classifications; substantial disagreement between pairwise classifications was found among those participants who obtained at least one score in the suboptimal performance range. CVLT index classifications were also found to be non-redundant with classifications based on CARB scores. The CVLT may thus add useful data over and above that obtained from symptom validity testing. However, the data suggest that the use of the strategy where any one or more below-cutoff CVLT scores are considered a positive indicator of suboptimal performance may be associated with a higher than acceptable false-positive error rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Detection of symptom exaggeration with the MMPI-2 in litigants with malingered neurocognitive dysfunction.

MMPI-2 scores of 26 persons identified as meeting criteria for definite malingered neurocognitive dysfunction (MND), were contrasted with the MMPI-2 scores of 29 persons who had suffered moderate or severe closed head injury. The Lees-Haley Fake Bad Scale (FBS) was the most sensitive MMPI-2 scale in discriminating the malingerers from the head-injured persons, with additional significant differences obtained on standard MMPI-2 clinical scales including Scales 1 (Hs), 2 (D), 3 (Hy), 7 (Pt), and 8 (Sc). Correlational analyses on a larger sample combining additional subjects with evidence of possible or probable MND, with the original sample and the head injured subjects, demonstrated the concurrent validity of the FBS, which correlated with the Portland Digit Recognition Test (PDRT), and with Scales 1 (Hs), 2 (D), 3 (Hy), and 7 (Pt) of the MMPI-2.

Analysis of Variance↗