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PubMed1982

Aflatoxin M1: in vitro preparation and comparative in vitro metabolism versus aflatoxin B1 in the rat and mouse.

A rapid, simple and relatively inexpensive biotransformation method using microsomes from 3-methylcholanthrene (3MCA) pretreated rats is described for the production of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is sufficient quantities for metabolism studies. A comparison is made of the metabolism of AFM1 and AFB1 by the postmitochondrial (S-10) fraction from mouse and rat hepatocytes. AFM1, in both species, is metabolized more slowly than AFB1, with its major metabolites being found in the aqueous fraction and very little associated with S-10 protein. In contrast, AFB1 is metabolized to numerous chloroform-extractable, protein bound and water-soluble metabolites. The toxicological implications of reduced protein binding and slower metabolism for AFM1 are discussed.

Aflatoxin B1↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Age and in vitro fertilization. French National Register on In Vitro Fertilization].

The mean age of IVF patients women and men is always increasing, this is probably due to the late desire for pregnancy nowadays. Pregnancy rate decreases with the age of wife and in a minor way with the age of man. The most important factor is the quality of woman answer to ovarian stimulation. Among women of 42 or over, the one with a high estradiol level on hCG day (> 4000 pg/ml) are the only older women with a correct pregnancy rate.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results after an in vitro fertilization pregnancy. French National Register on In Vitro Fertilization].

For this analysis, all the oocyte recoveries realised between 1989, January 1st and 1995, December 31th and collected by the French national register on IVF (FIVNAT) were included. Three groups were constituted, depending on the existence of a previous birth (group 1, n = 8,615), or of a previous failed pregnancy (spontaneous abortion or ectopic pregnancy, group 2, n = 8,539), both obtained by IVF, or no previous IVF pregnancy (group 3, n = 139,843). In this last group, women and men were of younger age (respectively 33.3 +/- 4.7 vs 35.1 +/- 3.9 for group 1 and 34.3 +/- 4.5 for group 2, p < 0.001, and 35.2 +/- 5.9 vs 37.0 +/- 5.1 for group 1 and 36.1 +/- 5.6 for group 2, p < 0.001). Overall results were lower in the group 3. The average number of embryos was 3.7 +/- 3.7 compared to 4.4 +/- 3.8, p < 0.001 for the two other groups. The fertilization rates was at 47.3 +/- 33.2% in group 3, compared to 55.5 +/- 30.5 in group 1 and 55.6 +/- 30.4 in group 2 (p < 0.001). Finally, the per recovery pregnancy rates were respectively 17.9%, 28.0%, 25.0% (p < 0.001). In group 3, infertility origin was less often due to a tubal disease (53.2% vs 65.6% in group 1 and 66.6% in group 2, p < 0.001). On the opposite, an isolated male origin was more frequent (respectively 19.9%, 11.0% and 12.2%) (p < 0.001). In group 3, compared with those with secondary infertility, women with primary infertility were younger (32.6 +/- 4.6 vs 34.7 +/- 4.6, p < 0.001), had more oocytes (8.9 +/- 5.7 vs 8.1 +/- 5.4, p < 0.001), but less embryos (3.6 +/- 3.7 vs 3.9 +/- 3.7, p < 0.001), a decreased fertilization rate (44.8 +/- 33.4 vs 51.6 +/- 32.6, p < 0.001) and a decreased pregnancy rate (17.3% vs 18.9%, p < 0.01). Infertility was more often of male origin (23.6% vs 11.7%, p < 0.001).

Adult↗