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PubMedDate not supplied

[Presence of anti-Helicobacter pylori, antithyroid, and high-affinity IgE receptor antibodies in patients with chronic urticaria].

BACKGROUND: Chronic urticaria is characterized by erythematous wheals during more than 6 weeks. In 47% of the patients it is associated to Helicobacter pylori infection; in 50%, to antibodies (Abs) against the high affinity receptor of the IgE, and in 12 to 20% to antithyroid's antibodies (antithyroglobuline, mychrosomals) and, from these, 25% have alterations of the thyroid function. OBJECTIVE: To determine the presence of the anti-Helicobacter pylori and anttihyroids antibodies and the high affinity anti-receptor of the IgE in healthy subjects and patients with chronic urticaria. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty subjects were included: 40 healthy subjects and 40 patients whit diagnosis of chronic urticaria. In all of them a blood sample was extracted to the determination of the antibodies and skin test applications with autologous serum to determine the antibody of the high affinity anti-receptor of IgE. For the analysis of the results descriptive statistics was used (central tendency measures, frequencies, means, averages and percentages), as well as multiple correlations and inferential analyses. RESULTS: Anti-Helicobacter pylori, antithyroid (antithyroglobulin, microsomal) antibodies and the skin test with autologous serum (antibody of the high affinity anti-receptor of IgE) were negative in the healthy group (mean age: 41 years, 36 women, 90%). Of the 40 patients with chronic urticaria (mean age: 42 years, 36 women, 90%), the frequency of the antibody of high affinity anti-receptor of the IgE was: 5 patients with negative skin test (12.5%), 1 (2.5%)+, 7 (17.5%)++, 9 (22.5%)+++, 18 (45%)++++. The anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies were positive in 30 (75%) patients and negative in 10 (25%). The antithyroid's antibodies were as follows: antithyroglobulin: 4 (10%) positive, microsomal: 4 (10%) positive. The concomitant diseases found were: hypothyroidism (3, 7.5%) mixed rhinitis (2.5%) and autoimmunity 2 (5%). CONCLUSION: The test skin with autologous serum to determine the IgG antibody against the high affinity receptor of IgE is a simple and low-cost procedure leading to determine the cause of the idiopathic chronic urticaria in a high percentage of patients. As reported in literature, the Helicobacter pylori infection documented by the detection of the IgM antibodies against Helicobacter pylori is frequent in patients with chronic urticaria, which is important due to it could be implied in the diagnosis and treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and anti-CagA positivity in the county Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg].

The authors studied the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk factors for infection, among adult volunteers from Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, East Hungary in year 2000. Sera were collected from 756 adults (328 males, 428 females, m/f = 1.5:2; mean age 42.4 yrs.; range 18-69 yrs.). Anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG and anti-CagA IgG antibodies were identified serologically using a sensitive ELISA technique. A questionnaire was completed to obtain necessary informations. The overall rate of seropositivity was 58.6% (45.2% in those aged 18-29 and 69.6% in those aged 50-59). Seropositivity was significantly higher in rural population than in urban area (p < 0.001), sharing a bed (p < 0.001), if parents were manual workers (p < 0.001), between keepers of cat (p < 0.005). The authors found a significant inverse correlation between Helicobacter pylori infection and educational level (p < 0.001), income (p < 0.005), absence of water supply and sanitation (childhood: p < 0.001, adulthood: p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in Helicobacter pylori infection related to gender, subject's occupation, smoking and drinking habits, gastric symptoms, family history of ulcer or gastric cancer. 67.5% of Helicobacter pylori positives were anti-CagA positives too. Helicobacter pylori positivity is higher than in developed countries, and than in the more developed county Vas.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Comparative evaluation of gastric mucosa morphological changes in children and adults with positive IgG antibodies to Helicobacter pylori.

PURPOSE: Helicobacter pylori colonization of gastric epithelium causes a local and systemic, cellular and humoral immune response. Despite this immune response involvement in the infection, its elimination from the organism does not take place and the process usually becomes chronic. The purpose of the study was to establish the prevalence of gastric mucosa inflammation in children and adults with serum positive anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies IgG. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 171 patients comprising 109 (63.7%) children and 62 (36.3%) adults with IgG positive titre against Helicobacter pylori, who were qualified to the study basing on epidemiological examinations estimating the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the population of north-eastern Poland living in the country, town and city. All patients reported dyspeptic symptoms. The evaluation was performed basing on the morphological (endoscopy) and histopathological examinations estimating the changes in gastric mucosa of these patients. RESULTS: The evaluation of antrum and corpus gastric mucosa proved normal gastric mucosa in 34 children (31.1%) and 10 adults (16.1%) with positive IgG antibodies against Helicobacter pylori. The evaluation of the severity showed the predominance of moderate inflammation within corpus in children (37.6%) and marked inflammation in adults (45.1%). CONCLUSIONS: The concentration of IgG antibodies against Helicobacter pylori in both groups was highest in patients with marked antrum gastric mucosa inflammation.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

The effect of duodenogastric reflux on Helicobacter pylori presence and gastric histopathologic changes.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: In this study, we investigated the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric histological changes in unoperated patients with and without duodenogastric reflux. METHODS: Twenty-two women and 15 men, mean age of 51.17 years, who had duodenogastric reflux during endoscopy were included. Thirty-seven age-and gender-matched patients without duodenogastric reflux served as controls. The Helicobacter pylori infection was detected by histology. The Helicobacter pylori density and gastric histology according to the modified Sydney system were evaluated with specimens from antrum, corpus and fundus. RESULTS: The presence of Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter pylori density, chronic inflammation score, lymphoid follicles, atrophy, and intestinal metaplasia were similar in patients with and without duodenogastric reflux (p>0.05). Acute inflammation was found to be lower in the antrum (p<0.05) in the duodenogastric reflux-positive group. CONCLUSION: Duodenogastric reflux does not affect the presence of Helicobacter pylori and gastric histopathologic changes.

Atrophy↗
PubMed2004

[Clinical importance of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with diabetes mellitus].

This paper provides a review of current literature on Helicobacter pylori infection in diabetes mellitus. According to majority of studies there is no difference of Helicobacter pylori infection prevalence between diabetes mellitus and general population. There is no role of Helicobacter pylori in etiopathogenesis of diabetes. The only finding of Helicobacter pylori itself has not been an indication for eradication therapy in diabetes. In case of anti-helicobacter therapy (due to another indication) eradication rate is lower in diabetics (compared to non-diabetics) and there is a higher risk of re-infection (compared to general population). Several issues (especially dysmotility disorders of the stomach and influence of Helicobacter pylori eradication for the control of diabetes) remain controversial.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed2004

Changes in the seroepidemiological pattern of Helicobacter pylori infection over the last 10 years.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study was undertaken to evaluate changes in the seroepidemiological pattern of Helicobacter pylori in a group of Turkish children over a span of 10 years. METHODS: A total of 403 (219+184) serum samples were obtained from a primary school located in the urban part of Ankara in 1990 and 2000. All of the samples were from healthy students aged 7-14 (in 1990, n= 219, 109 females; and in 2000, n= 184, 90 females). RESULTS: All serum samples were assayed for Helicobacter pylori IgG by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The overall prevalence of Helicobacter pylori antibodies was 78.5% in 1990 and 66.3% in 2000. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori was found to be decreasing over a time span of 10 years (p<0.01). While the most susceptible age group to Helicobacter pylori in 1990 was 10 years (89.5%), in 2000 the susceptible age group was 8 years (85.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection seems to have decreased during the last 10 years in Turkey. This change may be attributable to the changes in environmental condition and socioeconomic development that have taken place in the country.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of optimal gastric mucosal biopsy site and number for identification of Helicobacter pylori, gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The study is designed to identify the optimal gastric mucosal biopsy site and number for identification of Helicobacter pylori, gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. METHODOLOGY: Ninety-two patients were included in the study, gastric biopsies were obtained from 5 different sites: lesser curvature of the mid-antrum (A1), greater curvature of the mid-antrum (A2), incisura angularis (IA), lesser curvature of the mid-corpus (B1), greater curvature of the mid-corpus (B2). Helicobacter pylori was evaluated in sections stained with toluidine blue, and histopathological examination was performed in sections stained with hematoxylin-eosin. RESULTS: Seventy-three patients were positive for Helicobacter pylori at least in one biopsy site. Helicobacter pylori was positive in 47 patients (64.3%) in A1, in 54 patients (73.9%) in A2, in 60 patients (82.1%) in IA, 44 patients (60.2%) in B1, and in 42 patients (57.5%) in B2. The highest positivity determined was in the combination of A2 and IA sites (95.8%). Gastric atrophy was determined in 35 of 73 patients (27.1% in A1, 20% in A2, 25.7% in IA, 20% in B1, and 7% in B2). Intestinal metaplasia was determined in 31 of the Helicobacter pylori-positive patients (18% in A1, 16% in A2, 30.9% in IA, 21.8% in B1, 12.7% in B2). CONCLUSIONS: It is considered that taking biopsies from both A1 and IA sites has the highest sensitivity in detecting Helicobacter pylori. However, it is difficult to define a specific site for detecting gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relation between gallbladder neoplasm and Helicobacter hepaticus infection.

OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study was to see the various histopathological changes in the gallbladder with cholelithiasis and to correlate them with Helicobacter hepaticus infection. METHODS: A total of 380 cholecystectomy specimens were received during a study period from 2058/11/29 to 2059/11/4 at Department of Pathology, TU Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine. RESULTS: Among 380 cases, 249 (65.53%) were found to have chronic cholecystitis, 52 (13.68%) cholesterolosis, 29 (7.63%) adenomyosis, 20 (5.26%) metaplasia, 15 (3.95%) low grade dysplasia, 10(2.63%) malignancy, 4(1.05%) xanthogranulomatous change and 1(0.26%) carcinoma in situ. Out of these, 100 cases that were willing to provide gallbladder for study were taken as a study group. Sections were stained with Haematoxylin & Eosin for microscopic features and with Warthin Starry Silver stain for Helicobacter hepaticus. Among the study group, 43% cases were found to have chronic cholecystitis, 17% adenomyosis, 13% cholesterolosis, 9% low grade dysplasia, 9% metaplasia, 7% malignancy, 1% carcinoma in situ and 1% xanthogranulomatous change. All the malignant cases were found to be Adenocarcinoma. Out of total 100 cases, 82% cases were found to have Helicobacter hepaticus infection. Only one out of 7 malignant cases (14.29%) was found to be negative for Helicobacter Hepaticus infection. Gallbladder neoplasm was found to be common in Nepal comprising 2.63%. Helicobacter hepaticus infection was found in 82% of gallbladders and it was found in 87.5% of malignant cases. Whether Helicobacter hepaticus that might be the number one cause for the gallstone formation that ultimately leads to malignancy or itself acts as a risk factor for the pathogenesis of carcinoma gallbladder is yet to be determined.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2006

Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in children with constitutional height retardation.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and constitutional height retardation in childhood. METHODS: Forty-one children with a diagnosis of constitutional height retardation and 40 children with normal growth patterns attending to the Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic at Ankara Education and Research Hospital were invited to take part in this study. Each child was asked questions to identify whether they had abdominal pain or lack of appetite. In addition, the family members were also investigated for gastrointestinal complaints. Helicobacter pylori antibody levels were evaluated in both groups. RESULTS: The patient group's anti-Helicobacter pylori Ig G and anti-Helicobacter pylori CagA Ig G positivities were 78% and 85.4%, respectively. Corresponding frequencies in the control group were 10% and 15%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori antibodies in the constitutional height-retarded group was significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.001). These results support the hypothesis suggesting that Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the environmental factors affecting growth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

A comparison of symptoms between non-ulcer dyspepsia patients positive and negative for Helicobacter pylori.

The role of Helicobacter pylori infection in the symptom complex associated with non-ulcer dyspepsia is uncertain, despite the presence of the organism in a high proportion of these patients. In order to exclude physician bias in history taking, 18 patients (9 female) diagnosed as non-ulcer dyspepsia, after endoscopy and gallbladder ultrasonography, underwent computer interrogation using the Glasgow Diagnostic System for Dyspepsia (GLADYS). Five antral and 3 fundal endoscopic biopsies from these patients were also histologically examined for the presence of Helicobacter pylori and quantitatively analysed for polymorph and chronic inflammatory cell densities per mm2 of lamina propria using computer-linked image analysis. In the group of 9/18 patients who were positive for Helicobacter pylori, there were significantly higher antral and fundal inflammatory cell counts than in negative patients. However, analysis of the GLADYS interrogation data showed no significant positive relationships between Helicobacter pylori positivity and any gastrointestinal symptoms. These results confirm a significant association between Helicobacter pylori and superficial gastritis but suggest that non-ulcer dyspepsia in patients with Helicobacter pylori colonisation is probably not a clinically identifiable and distinct syndrome.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1990

[Detection of antibodies to Helicobacter pylori with the immunoenzyme test and indirect immunofluorescence].

Sera from 56 adult patients were screened for the presence of IgG antibodies against Helicobacter pylori by enzyme immunoassay and indirect immunofluorescence. In addition, the detection of Helicobacter pylori in antral biopsy specimens was attempted by culture and histological methods. Colonisation of the antrum mucosa with Helicobacter pylori was observed in 39 of the 56 patients. IgG antibodies against Helicobacter pylori were detected by enzyme immunoassay in 34 of 39 infected patients. Thus, the enzyme immunoassay showed a sensitivity of 87.2 percent and a specificity of 82.4 percent. IgG antibodies against Helicobacter pylori were further detected by indirect immunofluorescence in 28 of 39 infected patients. Thus, indirect immunofluorescence showed a sensitivity of 66.7 percent and a specificity of 88.2 percent. Our results demonstrate that the enzyme immunoassay for IgG antibodies and other invasive or noninvasive methods for the detection of infection with Helicobacter pylori appear to be of equal sensitivity and specificity.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Functional dyspepsia: approaches to Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy].

At the present, Helicobacter-associated gastritis is not considered to be an important cause of dyspeptic symptoms. Therefore, patients with dyspeptic symptoms and proven Helicobacter-gastritis are diagnosed as having functional dyspepsia, provided that Helicobacter-associated lesions like ulcers or malignancies are absent. It is controversial whether or not to treat a patient with functional dyspepsia with Helicobacter gastritis. Conclusive controlled clinical trials are lacking. If it is assumed in a given patient, that Helicobacter could be responsible for the complaints (an assumption which can never be proven and only suspected when the patient remains asymptomatic during longterm follow-up after cure of the infection) and if the patient has not responded to a standard treatment (antisecretory or prokinetic agents), we recommend Helicobacter therapy. Presently, in spring 1995, the following treatment is, in our view, the best choice during seven (to ten) days: The patient takes 20 mg omeprazol in the morning, 250 mg clarithromycin in the morning and in the evening and 500 mg metronidazole in the morning and in the evening.

Clarithromycin↗
PubMed1993

Helicobacter pylori infection in early and advanced gastric adenocarcinoma: a seroprevalence study in 143 Taiwanese patients.

The association between gastric adenocarcinoma and Helicobacter pylori infection remains controversial. A seroprevalence study of Helicobacter pylori infection in 143 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and a control group of 823 subjects randomly selected from four areas in Taiwan, was carried out to elucidate the association. The overall seropositivity of Helicobacter pylori in gastric adenocarcinoma patients (62.9%) was higher than in controls (54.4%), but the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The seropositivity of early gastric adenocarcinoma (61.5%) was not significantly different from that of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma (63.2%). Various demographic factors such as sex, blood type, cigarette smoking, tumor histology and location were not associated with the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori. The age-specific seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori tended to be higher in younger patients and decreased after the age of 60 years in gastric adenocarcinoma, in contrast to a stepwise increase of seropositivity in controls. This suggests that Helicobacter pylori infection in early life may be a contributory factor in gastric carcinogenesis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori and gastritis in southern Germany. Results of a representative cross-sectional study].

The recent discussions about the relationship between helicobacter-pylori-infection, gastritis and the occurrence of stomach cancer caused us to analyse blood sera of 543 participants randomly selected from the general population in the age of 25 to 34 and of 55 to 64 years from Mosbach (Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis), the county of Deggendorf (Lower-Bavaria) and Augsburg (Upper-Bavaria) regarding IgG-antibodies against helicobacter pylori and the concentrations of the pepsinogens A and C. The latter were used as markers for the presence of chronic gastritis without atrophy and with severe atrophy. The prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection and of forms of gastritis showed no particular differences regarding region or gender. Notable differences in the prevalences were observed with respect to the two age strata. The helicobacter pylori prevalence of the regions being studied ranged for males from 13% to 75% and for females from 22% to 76%. The prevalences of chronic gastritis without atrophy in the investigated areas, derived from the pepsinogen titers, were found to be for males between 24% and 70% and for females between 28% and 61%. Chronic gastritis with severe atrophy appeared mainly in the age group of 55 to 64 years, ranging from 2% to 11% in males and 4% to 10% in females, depending upon region. The helicobacter pylori prevalence and the prevalence of chronic gastritis without atrophy were found to be highly correlated. Chronic gastritis with severe atrophy was also found to be associated with helicobacter pylori prevalence. However, this association did not reach statistical significance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Gastric bacteria other than Helicobacter pylori.

Since the culture of Helicobacter pylori from the human stomach in 1983 there has been renewed interest in other bacteria that had been observed in animal stomachs as early as late in the nineteenth century. Many of these bacteria have now been isolated and have been shown to belong to the same genus, Helicobacter, which currently contains nine species. Study of the gastric helicobacters is important because it provides relevant information about how bacteria can survive in the gastric environment and induce disease. Bacteria of special importance include "Gastrospirillum hominis," a distinctive tightly spiralled bacterium commonly found in cats and dogs, recently shown to be a helicobacter, and that infects a small proportion of human patients, causing a mild chronic gastritis; Helicobacter felis, a bacterium isolated from cats that has been found to be associated with gastritis in one human patient but easily colonizes small laboratory animals, causing gastritis and thus providing a useful model of the human infection; and Helicobacter mustelae, the natural inhabitant of the ferret gastric mucosa, where it also induces a form of chronic gastritis. The latter bacterium shares important properties with H. pylori, namely an ability to adhere firmly to gastric mucosae and an association with peptic ulceration. Investigation of these non-H. pylori gastric bacteria in natural or experimental hosts provides useful models of H. pylori-associated gastroduodenal disease, makes possible assessment of potential therapeutic regimens, and provides information that may result in the development of novel intervention strategies.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Relevance of the ferret model of Helicobacter-induced gastritis to evaluation of antibacterial therapies.

OBJECTIVES: The goals of the study were 1) to evaluate the efficacy of clinically relevant antibacterial therapies in the ferret model of Helicobacter-induced gastritis and 2) to compare these results to the efficacy achieved clinically in humans. METHODS: Ferrets were inoculated with H. mustelae, and gastritis was allowed to develop. The double therapy of clarithromycin and omeprazole and the triple therapies of clarithromycin or amoxicillin with metronidazole and omeprazole were administered. Efficacy was evaluated by Helicobacter burden cultured from biopsy samples and by histopathological evaluation of Helicobacter burden and gastric inflammation with pylorus and fundus samples obtained 4 wk after the end of antibacterial therapy. RESULTS: Clarithromycin-based double and triple therapies significantly reduced Helicobacter burden and decreased gastric inflammation. Clarithromycin-based double therapy was more effective than amoxicillin-based triple therapy. Reduction of the length of clarithromycin therapy from 14 to 7 days decreased efficacy. Antibacterial therapies in the ferret did not produce eradication rates comparable to clinical results, even though the serum concentrations of clarithromycin in ferret were in excess of concentrations used in humans. Relapse of Helicobacter infection after the end of therapy occurred in some cases. CONCLUSIONS: Although the ferret model of Helicobacter gastric infection underestimated the clinical efficacy of antibacterial treatments in humans, the model was valuable for comparing the relative efficacy of antibacterial therapies.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum pepsinogen I levels and acid secretion in Helicobacter pylori associated enlarged fold gastritis.

It has been shown that serum pepsinogen I levels are correlated with maximal acid outputs and can be used as an indicator for parietal cell mass. In this study, the effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on the relationship between serum pepsinogen I levels and maximal acid outputs was investigated in 27 patients with Helicobacter pylori associated enlarged fold gastritis. Before treatment, serum pepsinogen I levels and maximal acid outputs were not significantly correlated. After eradication of Helicobacter pylori, a significant positive correlation was found between serum pepsinogen I levels and maximal acid outputs with a significant increase in pepsinogen I levels and a significant increase in maximal acid outputs. These results indicate that Helicobacter pylori infection distorts the relationship between serum pepsinogen I levels and maximal acid outputs by elevating the former and lowering the latter, and that serum pepsinogen I level after eradication of Helicobacter pylori may reflect parietal cell mass in patients with Helicobacter pylori associated enlarged fold gastritis.

Antacids↗
PubMed1997

[Helicobacter pylori infection in developing countries].

Helicobacter pylori infection is probably the most common bacterial infection in the world. The pathogenicity of this bacteria has been recognized since 1989 in the developed world where prevalence is 20 to 40%. Its role in gastric and duodenal disease is certain and its low recurrence rate justifies eradication. In the developing world prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is over 80% with contamination being maximal in children. Transmission is oro-oral and even feco-oral. Crowded living conditions is the determinant factor. Helicobacter pylori infection exhibits special features in developing world. The prevalence of gastroduodenal disease varies according to geographic area independently of the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and stomach cancer is uncommon. In newborns Helicobacter pylori infection seems to be the primary event for chronic malnutrition and diarrhea syndrome with failure to thrive. In practice detection of Helicobacter pylori is difficult in the developing world and presumptive treatment is always followed by recurrence. In the future active or passive immunization will be the solution.

Adolescent↗