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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Left-handedness as a risk factor for head injuries.

OBJECTIVE: To study prevalence of left-handedness among traumatic patients with head injuries. DESIGN: A case-control study. SETTING: Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi. SUBJECTS: One hundred and sixty three traumatic patients newly admitted to a surgical ward at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre during one month period with exception of patients with arm injury, severe injury and confused patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Maximal grip strength of both hands, questionnaire on hand preferred for eight habitual activities. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of left-handers determined on the basis of bilateral asymmetry in maximal grip strength was non-significantly higher in traumatic than in the control group. Relative to the control group, lefties were over-represented among victims of head injury, while prevalence of left-handers among patients with leg and trunk injuries and among controls was similar. Left-handed patients were more likely to sustain head traumas during fighting, road transport accidents and sport activities. Possible reasons for increased level of traumatisation among sinistrals are discussed. CONCLUSION: Left-handedness is a risk factor for head injuries obtained during confrontational activities. Therefore, left handers should avoid such type of behaviour in order to reduce traumatisation rate.

Accident Proneness↗
PubMed1999

Limited changes in handedness and morphine reactivity in CD-1 mice after pre- and postnatal ozone exposure.

Outbred CD 1 mice were either not exposed (control group) or exposed to ozone (O3) (0.3, 0.6, or 0.9 ppm), during foetal and neonatal life until the time of weaning (postnatal day (PND) 26). On PND 70 the subjects were tested for handedness using a paw preference task assessing both the animals' capability to reach a food pellet in a feeding tube and the individual preference for the use of one of the other forepaw. O3 exposure did not affect the animals' capability to learn the task but caused changes in handedness. Specifically, females exposed to the intermediate O3 concentration showed a reduced preference for the right paw than both their same-sex controls and 0.6 ppm males. On PND 100, mice underwent a hot plate test after IP treatment by either saline or morphine HCl (10 mg/kg). The results were generally in the direction of reduced drug sensitivity after exposure to the highest concentration. The evidence for this effect was more robust in the case of an organised avoidance response (wall-rearing) than in the case of a reflexive response (limb withdrawal); in the case of the former, latency data showed an effect on both males and females while frequency data showed an effect only in females. Overall, the O3 effects are suggestive of subtle CNS changes affecting mouse behavioural responses.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Stuttering and left-handedness] .

The main purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of left handedness in 380 stuttering children and adolescents and also to examine the differences in variables of stuttering severity between the left- and right handed subjects. The results showed that the incidence of left-handedness in stuttering children was not significantly different from normally fluent children. The difference in variables of stuttering between the right- and left-handed subjects was determined using the t-test. The results obtained revealed that the difference between the left- and right-handed subjects was not statistically significant in variables of stuttering severity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Handedness and psychopathy.

OBJECTIVES: The current study investigated whether psychopathic persons exhibit a pattern of motor dominance that differs from the left-hemisphere dominance that characterizes the majority of the population. BACKGROUND: Research with cognitive tasks suggests that psychopathy may be associated with an atypical pattern of cerebral organization characterized by either left-hemisphere dysfunction or decreased hemispheric asymmetry. However, studies that evaluate motor dominance in psychopathy have provided mixed results. METHOD: The handedness of 420 adult male inmates at a county jail was assessed using a scale developed by Chapman and Chapman as part of their participation in ongoing research. RESULTS: Psychopaths reported reduced right-hand dominance, which cannot be accounted for by differences in age, intelligence, or race. CONCLUSIONS: Psychopathy is associated with an increased proportion of mixed-handedness relative to that seen in nonpsychopathic persons. This finding is consistent with theory and research suggesting anomalous cerebral asymmetry in psychopathic offenders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Amygdalar and hippocampal volumetry in control participants: differences regarding handedness.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Amygdalar and hippocampal volume measurements indicate a right-greater-than-left asymmetry for right-handed normal participants in most studies. The purpose of this study was to compare amygdalar and hippocampal volume ratios between right- and left-handed participants. METHODS: Amygdalar and hippocampal volume measurements were performed in 34 (20 right-handed and 14 left-handed) normal participants. All participants completed a 10-item handedness questionnaire. The MR imaging sequence was a 3D T1-weighted gradient-echo acquisition of the whole brain (24/6 [TR/TE]; flip angle, 25 degrees). MR images were spatially normalized, and volumes were painted with a 1.0-mm(3) resolution cursor on an SGI workstation. RESULTS: In right-handed participants, the amygdala and hippocampus (P <.001 for both) were significantly larger on the right side than on the left. The left-handed group did not show a significant difference between right- and left-sided structures. Right-to-left volume ratios differed significantly between right- and left-handed participants for both amygdalar (P <.02) and hippocampal (P <.01) structures. Gender did not affect right-to-left amygdalar and hippocampal volume ratios in right- or left-handed participants. CONCLUSION: Handedness, but not gender, seems to affect right-to-left amygdalar and hippocampal volume ratios.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Left-handedness in dental undergraduates and orthodontic specialists].

A questionnaire was devised involving a group of dental students (n = 70) and a group comprising all consultant orthodontists in the UK (n = 170) to investigate the prevalence and the role of handedness in dental specialisation. Subjects were classified as being pure left-, mixed- or pure right-handed according to responses to a hand preference questionnaire and the results were compared with a very similar previous study of the general population. The prevalence of sinistrality (classified by writing) was recorded as 8.6% among dental students and 17.2% among orthodontists; this compares with 7.4% among the general population. More mixed-handers presented in both the dental groups compared to the general population. This agreed with the right shift theory of laterality. No significant correlation was noted between handedness and any other variable between the two dental groups.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Visual field recognition memory for right-handed females as a function of familial handedness.

Recognition memory for nonsense words presented vertically and unilaterally in the left and right visual fields was investigated in right-handed females as a function of the memory interval and familial handedness. The subject decided whether another nonsense word presented in central vision after memory intervals of 0, 5, or 10 sec. was the same as the stimulus word. The exposure duration producing a recognition accuracy of about 75% for each subject was employed and ranged from 5 to 28 msec. Right-handed females with only right-handed family members demonstrated right visual field superiorities indicative of a slight left hemisphere specialization for memory but not for reception of verbal material. Field superiorities obtained for right-handed females with a left-handed parent or sibling were not significant. In general, less complete lateralization of linguistic function in females was indicated and the importance of familial handedness in cerebral asymmetry of function was confirmed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Handedness in comparison with the asymmetry of the upper extremities].

In 1990 221 males (88 children, age 3.5-7.25 years and 133 adults, age 20-44 years) were investigated. The sample was divided into two groups based on handedness; 140 individuals were right-handed and 81 left-handed. 10 measurements were taken at the upper limbs. In addition, marked handedness, handclasping and armfolding were determined. The last three traits showed no statistically significant connection. It was determined that measurements of length, breadth and circumference are more often significantly asymmetric in favor of the right side in right-handers than in left-handers. Further, skinfolds of right-handed individuals are larger on the left side. Partially reverse results were found for left-handers as a whole, however, the results are more irregular. A difference in the degree of asymmetry exists between children and adults. Asymmetries of breadth and circumference measurements as well as forearm skinfold are larger in adults. Taking into account the error of measurement, frequencies of R > L, R = L and L > R for right- and left-handed individuals were evaluated using the chi 2-test for significance. Preponderance of measurements on the dominant side could often be secured statistically.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Dissociative identity disorder associated with mania and change in handedness.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the overlap between dissociative and bipolar disorders with reference to their neurophysiological foundations. BACKGROUND: Case reports of anomalous lateralization and shifts in handedness associated with both affective and dissociative conditions have intermittently surfaced in the literature. The two disorders are, however, usually considered to be distinct psychopathological entities. METHOD: A case of co-occurring bipolar disorder and dissociative identity disorder (DID) is presented. RESULTS: The "switch" in personality coincided with manic or hypomanic symptoms and was associated with a change in handedness. CONCLUSIONS: A parallel between the "personality" shifts that characterize DID and the mood fluctuations that underlie bipolar disorder is drawn, suggesting some nosological overlap between the two disorders. The possibility that these two psychiatric conditions share a similar neurophysiological architecture is also raised.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[The intertriradial dermal ridges and their relation to handedness].

Palm prints of 394 right-handers and 356 non-right-handers (left-handers and ambidextrous) were evaluated regarding intertriradial ridge counts. Comparison between the handedness groups produced no significant differences. There were found partly contrary tendencies in males and females. The values of an elected group of extremely left-handed females indicate a relation between a "graded variety of handedness-distinction" and a "graded distinction of dermatoglyphic traits". Earlier indications that bilateral asymmetry is reduced in left-handers could not be confirmed generally.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Handedness, cerebral dysfunction and dyslexia].

A frequency distribution of handedness and its relations with minor signs of neurological dysfunction was studied in a group of 56 dyslexic children and 56 good readers. An unusual frequency of 18% left-handed children in the dyslexic group and the high frequency of soft signs in this lefthanded children, is in concordance with recent hypothesis about the dysgenesic brain origin of dyslexia and lefthandedness, postulated by Galaburda, Geschwind and others. They suggest a distorted cortical development of the brain areas related with linguistic functions, with subsequent expression on verbal language reading ability and handedness.

Brain↗
PubMed1986

The handedness and origin of supernumerary limb structures following 180 degrees rotation of the chick wing bud on its stump.

The pattern of differentiated wing structures formed following 180 degrees rotation of the undifferentiated wing bud tip on its base was examined in detail. These analyses were performed to determine the handedness and origin of the supernumerary structures which arise. In contrast to the variable classes of symmetric and/or asymmetric limb anatomies observed following the same operation with amphibian regeneration blastemas, wings of predictable handedness were observed. Both the graft and stump contributed cells to the supernumerary structures. These results are discussed in the light of two current models describing the developing chick limb and analysed diagrammatically within the framework of one of these models, the polar coordinate model.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Relationship between side of the cleft and handedness of the patient.

The relationship between the type and side of the cleft and the left-right-handedness of the patient was evaluated in 706 patients with cleft, of whom 348 had unilateral cleft of the primary palate. The prevalence of left-handed persons in the group with left-sided cleft (14.5%) was more than three times as high as in the group with right-sided cleft (4.7%), a statistically significant difference. Among the 75 (10.6%) left-handed patients there were 38 unilateral clefts, of which 32 (84.2%) were on the left side; only 6 (15.8%) were on the right. Among the 631 right-handed patients there were 310 unilateral clefts, of which 122 (39.4%) were on the right and 188 (60.6%) were on the left side. Thus, the side of the cleft seemed to be associated with ipsilateral handedness. A large majority of left-handed patients have left-sided clefts, while right-handed patients are more heterogeneous in this respect.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1985

Handedness and sex differences in the processing manner of verbal and spatial information.

Left- and right-handed males and females were given the task of viewing sets of six or eight letters in a 5 X 5 matrix and recalling either (a) the letters, (b) the positions of the letters, or (c) both the letters and the positions. Recall of positions by left-handers was inferior to their recall of letters, and it was inferior to recall of both letters and positions by right-handers. There was no differential recall of letters and positions according to sex. Handedness appears to be a better predictor of cognitive abilities than does sex. The results are discussed in terms of hemispheric specialization referring to handedness and sex.

Cognition↗
PubMed1979

Overgrowth of the femur following fractures in children: influence of handedness.

Handedness was a more important factor in the amount of overgrowth following fractures of the femoral shaft in children in the present study than factors previously investigated. The lower limbs were measured and handedness was recorded in 112 children who had sustained their fractures fourteen to 101 months (mean, fifty-six months) before the study was undertaken. Fifty-two of these patients also had scanograms. The average overgrowth for all injured limbs was ten millimeters. The difference in the amount of overgrowth which was observed was this: when the fracture was on the same side as the dominant hand, the limb overgrew an average of eight millimeters, compared with fourteen millimeters when the fracture was on the side opposite the patient's dominant hand. This difference for the scanogram group was statistically significant (p less than 0.05). Overgrowth was significantly inhibited by overriding of fracture fragments and was enhanced by distraction. The age of the patient and the type and location of the fracture did not significantly affect overgrowth.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Evidence of handedness on documented skeletons.

The collection of skeletal material at the University of Maryland School of Medicine now includes a small sample of scapulae and long bones of the upper extremities taken from cadavers of known handedness. This sample has been used to begin studies for determining the accuracy currently used for diagnosing handedness. Measurements have been taken of the deflection angle that results from dorsal inclination of the glenoid fossa, humeral length and head diameter bicondylar width, and radial and ulnar lengths. A radiohumeral index and the total combined length of the long bones for each extremity as well as side difference in total length were calculated. These data plus the presence or absence of an extensor facet onthe dorsal margin of the glenoid fossa have been compared with the known hand preference. Thus far, the data indicate that the extensor facet, greater dorsal inclination of the glenoid fossa, greater total length of long bones, and greater bicondylar with correlate with the dominant side. Since the sample size is small, further work is needed before a valid statistical analysis can be made.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1993

Effect of handedness on the middle latency auditory evoked potential.

The effect of handedness on the middle latency response of the auditory evoked potential was investigated by testing 16 right-handed and 16 left-handed young adults with normal hearing. Each handedness group contained eight males and eight females. Peaks PO, N(a),P(a),Nb,and Pb showed a progressive, statistically significant latency increase in left-handed subjects when compared with right-handed subjects. The latency difference was 1.1 ms at peak P(a) and 3.6 ms at peak Pb. There was no significant latency difference between males and females. Topographic brain mapping showed that the distribution of positivity of wave Pb was similar to the distribution for wave P(a) in both right- and left-handed subjects.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1985

Handedness and essential tremor.

In patients with essential tremor, a direct relationship was found between hand dominance and severity of hand tremor. A higher incidence of left-handedness was found in patients with essential tremor than in controls.

Adolescent↗