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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Cortical transcranial magnetic stimulation of the frontalis muscle: characteristic features and details on motor-evoked potentials of the forehead.

The effect of coil position on the head surface along the interaural line on motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) of the frontalis muscle due to cortical transcranial magnetic stimulation was investigated in 16 healthy subjects. Bilateral reproducible responses could be observed in all subjects investigated at coil positions varying from 2 to 12 cm lateral to the vertex. MEP amplitudes of the frontalis muscle offered no significant side differences neither in amplitude nor in onset latency. Despite a considerable overlap, a statistically significant separation (p < 0.0001) of the two areas from which reproducible MEPs of upper and lower mimetic muscles could be elicited was evident for the calculated mediolateral center with the frontalis muscle area being placed more medially. Our findings are in accordance with anatomical studies indicating a predominance of corticonuclear descending fibers to lower but not to upper facial motoneurons.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Effect of meditation on ultraweak photon emission from hands and forehead.

BACKGROUND: Various physiologic and biochemical shifts can follow meditation. Meditation has been implicated in impacting free radical activity. Ultraweak photon emission (UPE, biophoton emission) is a constituent of the metabolic processes in a living system. Spectral analysis showed the characteristics of radical reactions. OBJECTIVES: Recording and analysing photon emission in 5 subjects before, during and after meditation. METHODS: UPE in 5 subjects who meditated in sitting or supine positions was recorded in a darkroom utilising a photomultiplier designed for manipulation in three directions. RESULTS: Data indicated that UPE changes after meditation. In 1 subject with high pre-meditation values, UPE decreased during meditation and remained low in the postmeditation phase. In the other subjects, only a slight decrease in photon emission was found, but commonly a decrease was observed in the kurtosis and skewness values of the photon count distribution. A second set of data on photon emission from the hands before and after meditation was collected from 2 subjects. These data were characterised by the Fano factor, F(T), i.e. variance over mean of the number of photoelectrons observed within observation time T. All data were compared to surrogate data sets which were constructed by random shuffling of the data sets. In the pre-meditation period, F(T) increased with observation time, significantly at time windows >6 s. No such effect was found after meditation, when F(T) was in the range of the surrogate data set. CONCLUSIONS: The data support the hypothesis that human photon emission can be influenced by meditation. Data from time series recordings suggest that this non-invasive tool for monitoring radical reactions during meditation is useful to characterise the effect of meditation. Fano factor analysis demonstrated that the time series before meditation do not represent a simple Poisson process. Instead, UPE has characteristics of a fractal process, showing long-range correlations. The effect of meditation waives out this coherence phenomenon, suggesting a weaker and less ordered structure of UPE. In general, meditation seems to influence the complex interactions of oxidative and anti-oxidative reactions which regulate photon emission. The reason for the statistical changes between pre- and post-meditation measurements remains unclear and demands further examination.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1999

[Reduction of forehead integrated EMG and integrated alpha wave through mechanical chair vibration using progressive relaxation by Mitani method].

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of respondent revised progressive relaxation by Mitani Method (new PR) on left frontal (Fpl) electromyogram (EMG) and electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha waves. 20 subjects, 10 males, 10 females, mean age = 29, SD = 10.05, were divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group received the respondent new PR. Intermittent two minutes vibrations and five minutes rests, namely DV 15-9-4.5. V vibration were given at shoulder and leg. The Fpl integrated EMG, integrated alpha wave and time of alpha wave appearance were measured by Mitani System. Results showed that only the experimental group showed significant integrated EMG reduction at Fpl. Alpha waves tended to appear more frequently. Integrated alpha wave, however, decreased significantly. Combined mean of integrated EMG and integrated alpha wave also decreased significantly. These results suggest the quick reduction of energy expenditure or entering into a deep relaxation of neuro-muscle circuit by the mechanical respondent New PR. As for operant New PR, experiment including such EEG data is not yet performed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Forehead skin microcirculation during tilt table testing and lower body negative pressure.

Noninvasive skin microcirculation measurements based on a new Near Infrared sensor technique (NIR/Fa. Silicon Sensor GmbH; Berlin) were embeded in a tilt table experiment for simulation of acute effects of weightlessness (HDT -6 degrees) and active standing with the Russian Tschibis-LBNP device. The phenomenon of orthostatic intolerance depends on complex interactions among functional characteristics of central and peripheral cardiovascular control. The purpose of this study was to assess the blood volume and flow motion changes as well as pulsatile spectral pattern during orthostatic and antiorthostatic stress.

Adult↗