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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Studies on rubella vaccination in adult females. I: Clinical and laboratory studies on clinical reactions].

More than 1,000 young females were screened for rubella HI antibodies. Clinico-laboratory studies were carried out in 272 seronegative healthy adult women who received Japanese licensed rubella vaccine, TO-336 or MEQ11 vaccine. Clinical reactions were observed in 51 (29.7%) of 172 vaccinees, aged 18-30 years (mean age; 20. 8 year), who received TO-336 vaccine, whereas only 4 cases (4.0%) had clinical reactions in 100 vaccinees, aged 18-26 years (mean age; 19.1 year), who received MEQ11 vaccine. The most troublesome and common clinical reaction was arthralgia, particularly in women received TO-336 vaccine. Joint symptoms, especially the knee, hand and finger joint, were observed in 41 of 51 cases with clinical reactions after TO-336 vaccination. On the other hand, vaccinees who received TO-336 vaccine gave a more satisfactory seroconversion response than vaccinees who received MEQ11 vaccine (100% vs 97%). This difference was also reflected in the geometric mean titers (1: 58 vs 1: 31). These results suggested strongly that MEQ11 vaccine might be a more attenuated rubella vaccine than TO-336 vaccine, according to the clinical reactions and antibody response. Associations of host factors to clinical reactions were examined. There was not a significant difference of antibody response between vaccinees who developed clinical reactions and those who did not. But vaccinees with HLA-B 15 responded well and high against two rubella vaccines. There was no specific association between HLA types and clinical reactions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Implants in the hand].

Increasingly, implants in the region of hand joints and the wrist represent an alternative for the treatment of post-traumatic, inflamed, or degenerative joint damage. The diversity of hand functions also results in varied solutions, which are effective in their stability, mobility, and distraction. Different materials are necessary for this, and they require subtile radiological control. The native X-ray represents the substantial method to observe migration of the implants. Each interface between titanium, ceramic, zirconium, pyrocarbon, and silicon to the bone has to be assessed differently in order to obtain a relevant statement. The finger joints and to a limited extent the wrist represent the artificial joints with limited alternative therapy. Other implants in the hand should only be applied after strict indication and patient compliance, as arthrodesis and resection arthroplasty have shown very good long-term results.

Arthritis↗
PubMed2002

Palindromic rheumatism.

A 27-year-old male presented with the complaints of recurring attacks of painful inflammation affecting finger joints of both hands for last one year. There were no constitutional features of weight loss, fever, anaemia, itching or burning sensation over the joints. It was diagnosed to be a case of palindromic rheumatism clinically and treated with hydroxychloroquine. The case is discussed in detail with reference to similar cases reported by others.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Results of small-joint arthrodesis: comparison of Kirschner wire fixation with tension band wire technique.

In a retrospective study the results of 203 interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal arthrodeses performed between 1977 and 1990 were reviewed. Eighty-three percent of the cases involved severe hand injuries. Two fixation techniques were used. During the early period, 143 arthrodeses were performed with percutaneous Kirschner wires, combined with either interosseous wiring or plaster of Paris. From 1987 to 1990, 60 arthrodeses were performed with the use of tension band fixation. In the Kirschner wire group 18% of the patients had pin-track infections, and in 15% rearthrodeses were necessary. In the tension band group 2% of the patients had an infection, and in 5% rearthrodeses were performed. Both the infection rate and the rearthrodeses rate were significantly lower in the tension band group than in the Kirschner wire group. Judging from this study, the tension band fixation technique is the method of choice for arthrodeses of the small finger joints.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Posttraumatic proximal interphalangeal joint flexion contractures.

Normal motion of the proximal interphalangeal joint requires bony support, intact articular surfaces, unimpeded tendon gliding, and uncompromised integrity of the collateral ligaments and volar plate. Deficiency in any one of these structural requirements can lead to a loss of finger joint motion and decreased hand function. Once finger extension is lost, options include nonsurgical or surgical treatment. Nonsurgical treatment such as splinting or serial casting should be tried before attempting surgical intervention. When severe flexion deformity exists or the vascular status of the finger has been compromised, arthrodesis or amputation should be undertaken instead of procedures to regain motion. Surgical options for regaining motion include external fixators and open surgical release. Although they can lead to improved extension at the proximal interphalangeal joint, external fixators carry a risk of reduced finger flexion and pin site infection. Most clinical series of patients who have undergone surgical release document improvement in flexion contracture between 25 degrees to 30 degrees and a shift of the flexion/extension arc into a more functional range. Close follow-up after surgery is warranted, with frequent physical therapy and splinting.

Contracture↗
PubMed1998

Radiographic osteoarthritis in the hands of rock climbers.

Sixty-five rock climbers were radiographically evaluated for osteoarthritis of the finger joints. Only long-time climbers were chosen for this study. The average years of climbing experience of these subjects was 19.8 (range, 8 to 39). The majority of the subjects had climbed at an elite level for many years. Plain radiographs of the hands were scored using the Kellgren-Lawrence scale and were compared with scores of an age-matched control group. An increased rate of osteoarthritis for several joints was found in the climber group; however, no significant difference in the overall prevalence of osteoarthritis was found between the two groups.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of mechanical compression on chronic hand edema after burn injury: a preliminary report.

Chronic hand edema after wound healing is a troublesome condition to treat in patients with burns. Stagnant edema can cause fibrosis, which impedes rehabilitation and may lead to deformity. Although favorable results have been reported with mechanical compression used in acute injuries, no literature was found on the effects of compression for the treatment of chronic hand-burn edema. Five male patients with nine chronically edematous burned hands were subject to mechanical compression at 55 mm Hg pressure. A single-cell unit was used for a 30-minute treatment at 4:1 treatment ratio. Goniometric and volumetric hand measurements were recorded both before and after treatment. Although patients expressed a subjective feeling of improvement, no statistical difference was found in finger joint range of motion nor in hand volume when comparing pretreatment and posttreatment measurements. Many different treatment protocols exist in the literature and are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

The rheumatoid wrist in black South African patients.

The wrist and hand X-rays of 75 black patients with rheumatoid arthritis were scored according to the Larsen criteria. The mean Larsen score for left hands was 9.6 (range 0-100) and for the right hands was 10:3 (range 0-100), whereas the score for the wrists were 2.5 (range 0-5) for the left and 2.7 (range 0-5) for the right. Our conclusion is that rheumatoid wrist involvement in black patients was more or less the same as reported in other series, but finger joint involvement was considerably less. This finding must influence surgical decision-making and also the interpretation of results of drug trials, whenever black patients are involved.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Clinical outcomes associated with flexor tendon repair.

Review of the outcomes of clinical flexor tendon repairs reported over the past 15 years showed advances in the outcomes with excellent or good functional return in more than three fourths of primary tendon repairs following a variety of postoperative passive/active mobilization treatments. Strickland and Glogovac criteria are the most commonly adopted methods to assess function. Repair ruptures (4%-10% for zone II finger flexors and 3%-17% for the FPL tendon), adhesion formations, and stiffness of finger joints remain frustrating problems in flexor tendon repairs and rehabilitation. Four approaches are suggested to improve outcomes of the repairs and to solve these difficult problems,which include stronger surgical repairs, appropriate pulleys or sheath management, optimization of rehabilitation regimens, and modern biologic approaches.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2001

Quantitative ultrasonography in rheumatoid arthritis: evaluation of inflammation by Doppler technique.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate ultrasonographic methods, including the Doppler technique, as measures of synovial inflammation in finger joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS: Ultrasonography was performed with a high frequency transducer (13 MHz). Evaluation of the sonographic data was conducted by two independent observers and included measurement of synovial area and thickness (grey tone ultrasound), vascularisation (power/colour Doppler), and indices of the intra- and extrasynovial arterial flow (spectral Doppler). The flow pattern was estimated by the indices of pulsatility (PI) and resistance (RI). RESULTS: The sonographic measurements of joint space were reproducible with intraobserver, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) 0.82-0.97 (p<0.0001) and interobserver ICC 0.81 (p<0.0001). The mean (SD) fraction of the synovium vascularised in the patients was 0.15 (0.15). The synovial blood flow was characterised by a diastolic flow-that is, the flow persisting during the diastole. The mean (SD) PI was 1.92 (1.18) and RI 0.70 (0.13). The estimated vascular fraction correlated with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (r(s)=0.53, p=0.03). The relative Pi (rPi), an estimate of an abnormally low resistance to vascularisation, correlated with both ESR (r(s)=-0.557, p<0.05) and Health Assessment Questionnaire score (r(s)=-0.584, p<0.05). After an injection of contrast Levovist the vascular fraction increased, while no difference in PI and RI was observed. CONCLUSION: Ultrasonography is a reliable tool for estimating the size of the joint space and the synovial activity measured by the degree of vascularisation and pattern of flow. Ultrasonography may be useful in monitoring the synovial inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The biotechnology of hand and wrist implant surgery and rehabilitation.

The earliest successful implants for restoration, alignment and function of finger joints and the wrist were made of organic silicones. In spite of initial improvement, the longterm complications of fracture, loosening and silicone synovitis have led to a search for better methods. Techniques currently under study are perichondrial grafting, the use of processed carbon implants and continuous passive motion rehabilitation.

Finger Joint↗
PubMed1996

Movement illusions evoked by ensemble cutaneous input from the dorsum of the human hand.

1. In this study we tested the hypothesis that ensemble activity in human cutaneous sensory afferents evoked by the stretching of skin over and around the finger joints contributes to the conscious perception of movement of the fingers. 2. In nineteen normal adults, ensembles of cutaneous afferents were activated either by electrical stimulation, delivered through an array of electrodes on the dorsum of the hand and fingers, or by mechanical stretching of the skin over and around the joints. The stretching was applied through an array of threads stuck to the skin, in such a way as to avoid or minimize moving the underlying joints and to avoid applying pressure to underlying tendons and ligaments. Perceived movements were mimicked by voluntary movements of the fingers of the contralateral hand. 3. By way of comparison, kinaesthetic illusions were also evoked by activation of muscle receptors by vibration. 4. Illusions of movement were elicited with each type of stimulus. Electrical stimulation of skin afferents caused clear illusory movements in six out of seventeen subjects (35%), and borderline movement illusions in three out of the same seventeen subjects (total 9/17, 53%). Various other localized skin sensations were also reported. Skin stretch evoked movement illusions in eleven out of nineteen of subjects (58%). In all subjects who received both cutaneous stimuli, twelve out of seventeen (71%) reported some movement sensations with one or other of the stimulation techniques. Vibration tended to be the most reliable stimulus modality, eliciting illusory movements in fourteen out of sixteen subjects (88%). 5. Although the skin stretching technique did cause minute movements of nearby joints in several cases, these were monitored and shown in separate control experiments to be below perceptual threshold, and so the movement illusions could be safely attributed to the cutaneous afferent input evoked by skin stretch. 6. The results support the hypothesis that input from skin stretched during finger movement contributes to the conscious perception of the movement. Vibration-evoked muscle afferent input tended to be more reliable than the skin input in producing kinaesthetic illusions, though comparisons of the relative efficacy of the three techniques must be made with caution.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Arthroplasty of the rheumatoid hand. Pre- and postoperative imaging with special consideration of biomechanical and pathobiomechanical aspects and its radiological evaluation].

Radiology plays a key role when the indications for arthroplasties of the hand and finger joints are determined and for the postoperative follow-up. On the one hand, the degree of inflammatory changes in all affected compartments is to be evaluated and graded; on the other hand, conventional radiograms allow for a first assessment of possible joint instability and impaired biomechanics. Both aspects influence the choice of the proper surgical therapeutic strategy. Osteolysis, deformity, fracture, prosthesis loosening or failure, heterotopic ossification, and foreign body-associated formation of granulation tissue are complications which can be detected on follow-up radiographs early on.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed2003

Infrared spectroscopy: shedding light on synovitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVES: It is difficult to determine the extent of synovial involvement early in the course of rheumatoid arthritis. A spectroscopic technique was used to characterize the synovium of the small finger joints in both early and late rheumatoid arthritis. This synovium was also compared against normal joints. METHODS: Near-infrared spectroscopy assesses the absorption of near-infrared light by specific joints, giving a characteristic "fingerprint" of the properties of the underlying tissues. Triple measurements by infrared spectroscopy were taken at the bilateral second and third metacarpophalangeal joints. Multivariate analysis was applied. RESULTS: Analysis was able to demonstrate relationships between the specific sources of spectral variation and joint tenderness or swelling as well as radiographic damage. Further use of multivariate analysis allowed recognition of the spectral patterns seen in early disease vs late rheumatoid arthritis and correct classification of over 74% of the joints. CONCLUSIONS: The spectral regions where differences occurred were in the absorption bands related to tissue oxygenation status, allowing the provocative implication that this technique could be detecting ischaemic changes within the joint. Near-infrared spectroscopy may thus be able to provide us with some information about the biochemical changes associated with synovitis.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1994

[Mucoid cysts of the distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers. Apropos of a prospective series (100 cases)].

100 mucous cysts of distal interphalangeal joint were treated by a radical excision that involved skin, cyst and dorsal capsular structures. The follow up was 2 years minimum, only two recurrence were noted, with other procedure the tate of recurrence is higher (10 to 20%). The proposed procedure is based on two hypothegenesis: skin localisation of mucous jelly, and degeneration of dorsal capsular structure of an arthritic joint.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Low-frequency periodicity in the coordination of progressive handwriting.

The paper addresses the question how the effector segments are coordinated during handwriting, in particular as a function of the left-to-right progression within words. It studies the phase relations between wrist and finger-joint rotations during a repetitive graphic task (long words consisting of letters 'e'), and it subjects the resulting continuous phase-relation plots to autocorrelation analysis. A novel phenomenon, viz. that of low-frequency (1-Hz) periodicity, is observed which presumably reflects adjustments of the coordination pattern about once per second, i.e., after every three or four letters 'e'. Moreover, word length and word position are found to affect this periodicity in a predictable manner. These results are related to those of an earlier study which used an ad-hoc method of analysing wrist-finger coordination adjustments. The paper underlines the value of phase-relation analysis for certain graphic tasks, but it also points out its limitations for this purpose.

Adolescent↗