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Results for “ETHAMBUTOL”

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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Analysis of ethambutol drug-resistance gene mutation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by specific endonuclease].

OBJECTIVE: Surveyor nuclease is a member of the family of plant endonucleases that cleave heteroduplexes DNA with high specificity at sites of base substitution mismatch and DNA distortion. Heteroduplex analysis by Surveyor nuclease is a relatively new method. The purpose of this study was to explore the application of this method in analysis of drug-resistance gene mutation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. METHODS: Surveyor nuclease was used to analyze embB gene mutation of 60 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates, among which 45 were EMB-resistant and embB gene mutation was found by sequencing, and 15 EMB-susceptible isolates without embB mutation. PCR amplification was carried out first, and then hybridized with products of H37Rv to form heteroduplex, cleaved by Surveyor nuclease, and lastly the results were shown by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and mutation was judged according to electrophoresis profile. RESULTS: Forty-five EMB-resistant isolates were found harboring embB gene mutation, while in the 15 EMB-susceptible isolates no mutation was found. All the 45 EMB-resistant isolates were revealed to harbor embB gene hotspot codon 306 mutation, among which 33 with ATG-->GTG, 3 with ATG-->ATT, 5 with ATG-->ATA, 2 with ATG-->ATC, 2 with ATG-->CTG. These results from Surveyor nuclease method was completely parallel to those of sequencing. CONCLUSION: Heteroduplex analysis by Surveyor nuclease may become a useful method for drug-resistance gene mutation analysis for Mycobacterium tuberculosis because of its simplicity, stability, low-cost, and high sensitivity and specificity.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immediate results of strictly supervised, intermittent treatment with rifampicin and ethambutol in patients with chronic pulmonary tuberculosis].

Of the 118 patients suffering from chronic pulmonary tuberculosis, living within the district of the Tîrgu Mureş Tuberculosis Dispensary, 100 accepted a strictly surveyed treatment and of these 90 continued for at least 6 months. The present paper reports on the immediate radiologic and bacteriological results and the factors influencing them. The following conclusions were drawn: 1) A 2/7 Rifampicin/Etambutol strictly supervised treatment is the most efficient method for neutralizing chronic bacillary sources. 2) The age and origin of the patients, the duration and extent of the pulmonary process, duration of the treatment and associated diseases are the factors that furnish the prognosis of the expected results. 3) Apart from the very good results obtained the method cannot solve all chronic cases and the classical antiepidemic measures must be applied in continuation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Quantitative evaluation of the dynamics of tubercular mediastinal adenopathy treated with rifampicin and ethambutol].

The authors have followed for one year the rhythm of involution of adenopathy in 114 patients aged between 0 and 16 years, with patent primary infection, in which four therapeutic regimens have been randomly applied, in continuous or intermittent administration, with INH-RMP; RMP-EMB; INH-EMB; INH-SM. Quantified data were obtained with the aid of a planimeter, measuring the surface of the adenopathy on trimestrial seriotomographies. The rhythm of involution was evaluated by the variable halving time of the surface of the adenopathy under treatment. The percentage, the data of the physical model, showed that in the first 3--4 months, detection of the curves is more rapid for RMP and the 7/7 formula, but with almost similar results (8--14%) at 12 months. By processing the data in the computer, depending on the mathematical model, it was estimated that the halving time is by 90,4 days shorter for RMP and similar for EMB and SM.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Studies of resumption of treatment with rifampin and ethambutol in patients with recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis].

The immediate and the late results are analyzed, of resumption of treatment with RMP and EMB in 50 patients with relapsing pulmonary tuberculosis that had not been treated with these drugs previously. After the first year of treatment negativation of the sputum by microscopy and culture was obtained in 45 of the patients, while 5 remained still positive. In the following two years 7 of the negative patients became positive again and finally 8 were solved completely and 4 became chronically ill. The most important of the unfavourable factors were simultaneous radiological and bacteriological relapses and chronic alcoholism. There was no primary or secondary resistance against the drugs used in the treatment. Intolerance to the drugs, although frequent, did not significantly affect the course of the treatment, especially because it occurred only at a later time.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results of intermittent biweekly treatment with rifampicin and ethambutol in silicotuberculosis].

The results were analysed, of the results obtained by the associated treatment with rifampicin and etambutol 2/7 for at least 6 months in 53 patients with silico-tuberculosis and positive bacteriologic tests. Only two of the patients in the group were in the 1-st stage of silicosis while half of the patients had cavities. Also 50% of the patients had strains showing resistance to various drugs. Only five of the patients did not receive chemotherapy before the start of the study. Immediate favourable bacteriological results were noted in 84.9% of the cases and late positive results represented 54.7%, while radiologic improvement was noted in 33.9% of the cases. The percentage of good results was higher in patients without cavities but it was not influenced by the stage of silicosis development.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effectiveness of treatment with rifampicin and isoniazid in association with ethambutol or prothionamide in patients with recently detected pulmonary tuberculosis].

In newly discovered patients with cavitary forms of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment with rifampicin, in association with other drugs, leads to recovery (negativation) in 69,6 percent of the patients in 3 months, in 92 per cent after 6 months and in 94,6 percent after 9 months of treatment. Closure of cavities is found in 23,4 percent, 64,5 percent and 76,6 percent of all patients at the corresponding time intervals. Comparisons of the various regimens of chemotherapy which include rifampicin showed that the maximal efficiency was obtained with rifampicin, ioniazid and a third drug (either etambutol or protionamide). The time intervals for the disappearence of bacilli and for the closure of cavities depend to a great extent on the degree of development of the pathological process, on the type of the lesions and the intensity of bacilli elimination at the start of the treatment. The use of rifampicin in new patients, in association with other drugs, leads to a rapid negativation, a shortening of the time necessary for the closure of cavities, especially in patients in whom the disappearence of the bacilli from the sputum occurs in the first three months.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ethambutol and the optic nerve].

Author describe two clinical observations of optic neuropathy due to the systemic absorption of antibiotics used against tuberculosis. Two items are pointed out: swelling of the optic disc and functional improvement of electro-physiologic and colorimetric tests 6 months after the end of the treatment. He think that optic disc swelling is the clinical manifestation of an anatomical and volumetrical increase of the neuronal axon due to blockade of the axoplasmic transport without demyelinating lesions. This could explain the functional improvement.

Ethambutol↗