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PubMed1997

[Endocrinological mechanism of puberty in men].

Puberty is a developmental stage during which endocrinological, physical and psycho-social changes proceed. During prepubertal period, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis is maintained in an inactive state by negative feedback regulation or inhibitory function of central nervous system. The onset of puberty and sexual maturation are gained by the alternation of these inhibitory system. In recent years, highly sensitive techniques for evaluating the hormones of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal system have been developed. And many explorations of the hormonal mechanisms of puberty have been achieved. In this chapter, hormonal changes in puberty is reviewed, and mechanism of puberty in men is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Polycystic ovary syndrome II. Endocrinology and metabolism].

The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is diagnosed by the simultaneous presence of polycystic ovaries by ultrasound together with clinical and biochemical signs of hyperandrogenaemia. Recently, it has been shown that a majority of PCO patients exhibit metabolic abnormalities, i.e. android obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia, all of which dispose to "civilized" life-style diseases such as cardiovascular disease and non-insulin dependent diabetes. PCOS is therefore not merely a gynaecological curiosity, but an endocrinopathy with multisystem sequelae. The endocrinological and metabolic aspects of the disease are discussed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical and endocrinological studies of the puerperium in cows].

A total of 85 cows were used to study the clinical course of the involution processes in the genital tract following calving. According to the season of calving the animals were divided into two groups: 1st group consisting of 29 cows whose calving and puerperium had taken place during the spring/summer period; IInd group of 56 cows with which these processes were observed in the autumn/winter period. Seven cows of each group were subjected to endocrinologic studies for the evaluation of the pituitary gonadotropic hormones (FSH, and LH) in the blood plasma, applying Brown's method and Parlow's method, respectively. The following conclusions were drawn: 1. The intensity of the involution processes in the sexual apparatus of cows depends on the season. In the spring/summer period they usually last 34.3 days, and in the autumn and winter -- 37.5 days. 2. Fast involution of the uterus has been observed during the first two weeks after calving. This process is considerably delayed during the third week. 3. The yellow body regresses in the course of 14 days following calving. Up to the 35th day this has been established only im 3.5 per cent of the cows. Clinically, follicles in the ovaries are established as early as the 15th day after calving. 4. The FSH and LH level in the blood plasma during the first days after calving has been low -- 73.7 mg/% for FSH, and 7.04 mg/% for LH, both showing a rising trend. The peak values have been established between the 15th and 40th, and the 22nd and 28th day, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Hypophysitis: endocrinologic and dynamic MR findings.

PURPOSE: Our purpose was to assess the worth of dynamic MR imaging in the evaluation of vascular changes of the pituitary in patients with lymphocytic hypophysitis. METHODS: Five patients (four males, one female; 9 to 53 years old) with lymphocytic hypophysitis or infundibuloneurohypophysitis were studied. All patients underwent endocrinologic studies and a series of two to five MR examinations performed over a period of 8 months to 5 years, including a total of nine dynamic imaging studies. RESULTS: Two patients had panhypopituitarism and three had partial hypopituitarism. Diabetes insipidus was present in four patients. Among the five patients, the pituitary was enlarged in three, of whom two showed improvement on follow-up MR studies. Three patients had a thickened stalk, which improved on subsequent examinations. In all nine dynamic studies, the enhancement time of the whole pituitary was delayed to over 90 seconds, even though five of the nine conventional, simultaneously performed MR studies showed a normal pituitary. The peak time of posterior pituitary enhancement in the first dynamic study was also delayed in all patients (from 60 to 120 seconds). In two patients, normal early enhancement of the posterior pituitary was identified on initial studies but not on subsequent studies. CONCLUSION: Dynamic MR imaging can display an abnormality of the hypophysial vasculature even if the pituitary disease is seen to regress on the conventional MR study. The delay or even the lack of early enhancement of the posterior pituitary in lymphocytic hypophysitis may be due to secondary inflammatory changes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Endocrinological effects of substituted orthoveratramides].

The substituted orthoveratramides, derived from the orthopramides by the addition of a second methoxy radical at position 3 in the benzene ring, possess strong endocrinological effects. In particular the N[(allyl-1 pyrrolidinyl-2) methyl] dimethoxy-2-3 sulfamoyl-5 benzamide blocks oestrus in the Rat at doses considerably lower than sultopride and inhibits so-called "castration cell" formation in the pituitary.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Endocrinological status of patients with periodontal disease.

The aim of the present study was to determine whether changes in the endocrinologic status occur in patients with progressive forms of periodontal disease and, if so, what their role is. For this purpose the function of hypophysis, concentration of pituitary and accessory gland hormones, parathormone, calcium, phosphorous, glucose and lipids in blood were determined. The study was carried out in 77 subjects, 37 patients with advanced periodontal disease, and 40 control subjects with normal periodontium. Blood glucose was significantly lower in the study group (p < 0.01%) which was surprising, since increased glucose values are known to favor the development of periodontal disease. Growth hormone was significantly lower in the study group (p < 0.01%). Concentrations of parathormone calcium and phosphorous were also lower in the study group. Among sex hormones, only estradiol was found to have a significantly lower value in the study group (p = 0.92%). Although the values of nearly all hormones were within the reference range, the within-group analysis showed significant differences for some hormones. In general, these results were lower in subjects with advanced periodontal disease.

Adult↗