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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Intraarterial and intraportal infusion chemotherapy to prevent hepatic metastasis after curative resection of pancreatic cancer].

In order to prevent postoperative hepatic recurrence after curative resection of pancreatic cancer, we developed a new method of intra arterial and intraportal infusion chemotherapy. This method involves placing a catheter in the portal vein and another catheter in the hepatic artery, before closing the abdomen. Postoperatively, 5-FU (125 mg/day) was infused continuously into these two catheters, for more than 28 days. Twelve patients received this therapy, without liver dysfunction or myelosuppression. During this therapy, the concentration of 5-FU was more than 0.14 micrograms/ml in the portal blood and 0.02 micrograms/ml or less in the systemic blood. The cumulative survival rate was 77% at 18 months and cumulative rate of hepatic metastasis was 25% at 18 months. These data were better than those in the control group (45 curative resections without chemotherapy). Therefore, this method seems beneficial for patients who have received curative resection for pancreatic cancer, since lowers the incidence of hepatic recurrence.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Gene annotation: prediction and testing.

Fifty years after the publication of DNA structure, the whole human genome sequence will be officially finished. This achievement marks the beginning of the task to catalogue every human gene and identify each of their function expression patterns. Currently, researchers estimate that there are about 30,000 human genes and approximately 70% of these can be automatically predicted using a combination of ab initio and similarity-based programs. However, to experimentally investigate every gene's function, the research community requires a high-quality annotation of alternative splicing, pseudogenes, and promoter regions that can only be provided by manual intervention. Manual curation of the human genome will be a long-term project as experimental data are continually produced to confirm or refine the predictions, and new features such as noncoding RNAs and enhancers have not been fully identified. Such a highly curated human gene-set made publicly available will be a great asset for the experimental community and for future comparative genome projects.

Alternative Splicing↗
PubMed2003

The University of Minnesota Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database: post-genomic data mining.

The University of Minnesota Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database (UM-BBD, http://umbbd.ahc.umn.edu/) provides curated information on microbial catabolism and related biotransformations, primarily for environmental pollutants. Currently, it contains information on over 130 metabolic pathways, 800 reactions, 750 compounds and 500 enzymes. In the past two years, it has increased its breath to include more examples of microbial metabolism of metals and metalloids; and expanded the types of information it includes to contain microbial biotransformations of, and binding interactions with many chemical elements. It has also increased the ways in which this data can be accessed (mined). Structure-based searching was added, for exact matches, similarity, or substructures. Analysis of UM-BBD reactions has lead to a prototype, guided, pathway prediction system. Guided prediction means that the user is shown all possible biotransformations at each step and guides the process to its conclusion. Mining the UM-BBD's data provides a unique view into how the microbial world recycles organic functional groups. UM-BBD users are encouraged to comment on all aspects of the database, including the information it contains and the tools by which it can be mined. The database and prediction system develop under the direction of the scientific community.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗
PubMed2006

Oncologic outcomes after neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by curative resection with tumor-specific mesorectal excision for fixed locally advanced rectal cancer: Impact of postirradiated pathologic downstaging on local recurrence and survival.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the oncologic outcomes and clinical factors affecting survival in patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy following tumor specific mesorectal excision for locally advanced, fixed rectal cancer. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy has resulted in significant tumor downstaging, which enhances curative resection and subsequently improves local disease control for rectal cancer. However, oncologic outcomes, according to clinical factors, have not yet been fully understood in locally advanced and fixed rectal cancer. METHODS: A total of 114 patients who had undergone neoadjuvant chemoradiation for advanced rectal cancer (T3 or T4 and node positive) were investigated retrospectively. Chemotherapy was administered intravenously with 5-FU and leucovorin during weeks 1 and 5 of radiotherapy. The total radiation dose was 5040 cGY in 25 fractions delivered over 5 weeks. Tumor-specific mesorectal excision was done 4 to 6 weeks after the completion of neoadjuvant chemoradiation. Survival and recurrence rates, according to the pathologic stage, were evaluated. Moreover, factors affecting survival were investigated. RESULTS: The 5-year survival rates according to pathologic stage were: 100% in pathologic complete remission (n = 10), 80% in stage I (n = 23), 56.8% in stage II (n = 34), and 42.3% in stage III (n = 47) (P = 0.0000). Local, systemic, and combined recurrence rates were 11.4%, 22.8%, and 3.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the pathologic N stage and operation method were the independent factors affecting survival rate. CONCLUSION: Pathologic complete remission showed excellent oncologic outcomes, and the pathologic N stage was the most important factor for oncologic outcomes.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Lack of relationship between perioperative blood transfusion and survival time after curative resection for gastric cancer.

To better comprehend the relationship between perioperative blood transfusion and survival time after curative gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer, the authors reviewed retrospectively data on 568 patients treated in their clinics from 1965 to 1983. Of these 568, 195 (34.3%) required no blood transfusion and 373 (65.7%) required transfusions within the perioperative period. Univariate analysis indicated that the survival time of the transfusion recipients was significantly less than that of the patients who had no transfusions (P less than 0.01). In subgroups of the authors' patients stratified to adjust for stage of disease, there was, however, no significant difference between the survival rates. Subsequently, multivariate analysis, using the Cox regression analysis, which adjusted for sex, age, and other covariates, indicated that perioperative blood transfusion was not a useful factor for predicting survival time. Multivariate analysis suggested that tumor size (P less than 0.01), degree of invasion into the gastric wall (P less than 0.01) and status of lymph node metastasis (P less than 0.01) were the most important covariates after curative gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer. The authors' findings revealed the lack of any relationship between perioperative blood transfusion and survival time of patients who underwent curative resection for advanced gastric cancer.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed2005

Angiosarcoma of the scalp treated with curative radiotherapy plus recombinant interleukin-2 immunotherapy.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of curative radiotherapy (RT) plus recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) immunotherapy regarding the treatment results for angiosarcoma of the scalp. Curative resection of angiosarcoma of the scalp is usually difficult because of the diffuse, clinically undetectable local spread. RT is a rational therapeutic approach, because a wide region of the dermis can be treated, while sparing the underlying normal tissues. Recently, the effectiveness of immunotherapy with rIL-2 has also been reported in the treatment of angiosarcoma of the scalp. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The data of 20 patients with angiosarcoma of the scalp treated with curative RT plus rIL-2 immunotherapy between January 1988 and June 2002 were retrospectively analyzed. The total radiation dose was 70.3 +/- 6.9 Gy. The fractions were 2-3 Gy daily, given 5 d/wk. rIL-2 immunotherapy was performed by transcatheter arterial administration in 10 patients, systemic administration in 11 during the course of RT, and intratumoral injection in 10 during and/or after RT; 12 patients received a combination of two. Five patients underwent limited surgery, and concomitant pacilitaxel chemotherapy was also used in 2 patients. RESULTS: The median survival time for overall, local recurrence-free, and distant metastasis-free survival was 36.2, 11.1, and 17.8 months, respectively. Local recurrence developed in 7 patients (35%), 4 of whom also had evidence of distant metastases. An additional 7 patients (35%) developed distant metastases alone. Recurrence within the radiation field was recognized in 2 patients with systemic rIL-2 administration alone (p < 0.05). Arterial or intratumoral administration combined with systemic administration of rIL-2 resulted in better distant metaststasis-free survival rates (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Curative RT plus rIL-2 immunotherapy provided an efficient, effective means of treating angiosarcoma of the scalp. Arterial or intratumoral administration combined with systemic administration of rIL-2 may prolong survival. Additional studies with detailed treatment protocols are recommended.

Aged↗
PubMed2025

RBC-GEM: A genome-scale metabolic model for systems biology of the human red blood cell.

Advancements with cost-effective, high-throughput omics technologies have had a transformative effect on both fundamental and translational research in the medical sciences. These advancements have facilitated a departure from the traditional view of human red blood cells (RBCs) as mere carriers of hemoglobin, devoid of significant biological complexity. Over the past decade, proteomic analyses have identified a growing number of different proteins present within RBCs, enabling systems biology analysis of their physiological functions. Here, we introduce RBC-GEM, one of the most comprehensive, curated genome-scale metabolic reconstructions of a specific human cell type to-date. It was developed through meta-analysis of proteomic data from 29 studies published over the past two decades resulting in an RBC proteome composed of more than 4,600 distinct proteins. Through workflow-guided manual curation, we have compiled the metabolic reactions carried out by this proteome to form a genome-scale metabolic model (GEM) of the RBC. RBC-GEM is hosted on a version-controlled GitHub repository, ensuring adherence to the standardized protocols for metabolic reconstruction quality control and data stewardship principles. RBC-GEM represents a metabolic network is a consisting of 820 genes encoding proteins acting on 1,685 unique metabolites through 2,723 biochemical reactions: a 740% size expansion over its predecessor. We demonstrated the utility of RBC-GEM by creating context-specific proteome-constrained models derived from proteomic data of stored RBCs for 616 blood donors, and classified reactions based on their simulated abundance dependence. This reconstruction as an up-to-date curated GEM can be used for contextualization of data and for the construction of a computational whole-cell models of the human RBC.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

Risk taking in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: are the risks of haemopoietic stem cell transplantation acceptable?

OBJECTIVES: Autologous haemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), which carries defined risks of early treatment-related mortality (TRM), has recently been proposed as an experimental therapy for severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to establish whether the risks of this approach are acceptable to patients with RA and whether risk taking related to disease-associated or personal/social parameters. METHODS: A standard gamble questionnaire was used to determine the acceptable risk of mortality for a potentially curative procedure in patients with RA aged <70 yr. Additional data collected included age, sex, duration of RA, number of second-line agents, domestic and workforce information, and self-assessed disability. RESULTS: The 53 patients (age range 24-69 yr, 39 female, 14 male, disease duration 2-43 yr) interviewed were prepared to accept a broad range of treatment-related mortality in order to be returned to normality off all drugs (median 5%, range 0-50%). Risk taking was significantly related to degree of disability measured by the disability section of the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ; P = 0.001) and negatively related to age (P = 0.04), although only HAQ score maintained significance on multivariate analysis. Using linear regression, we were able to determine that current TRM of autologous HSCT in Australia (3.3%) would be acceptable to patients with HAQ scores of >0.44 (84% of our sample), but allogeneic HSCT (with a TRM of 13.1%) would be acceptable only to severely disabled patients with HAQ scores of >2.45 (4% of our sample), assuming the procedure to be curative. CONCLUSION: Along with previous studies, these results suggest that, if long-term efficacy can be proven, then the risks of autografting may be acceptable to most patients with RA, particularly those with significant disability.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of three treatment strategies for esophageal cancer within a single institution.

Fifty-seven patients with esophageal cancer were treated with curative intent between January 1979 and June 1985. Seventeen were treated with radical radiation therapy alone (TD 4000-6500 cGy in 200-250 cGy fractions). Twenty-five were treated using radiation therapy (3000 cGy in 200 cGy fractions, day 1-19, and 2600-3000 cGy in 200 cGy fractions, day 50-68) and concomitant chemotherapy (5-FU and Cis-platinum). Fifteen were treated preoperatively by radiation therapy (3000 cGy at 200 cGy fractions) and concomitant chemotherapy (5-FU and Cis-platinum) followed by esophagectomy in 2-3 weeks. Chi square tests showed no significant baseline differences between the patients in the three different treatment groups with respect to A.J.C. stage, T status, location of tumor or histology. Median survival and 2-year survival for the three treatment groups were RT alone: 5 months and 0%, RT and chemotherapy: 12 months and 37%, RT, chemotherapy and surgery 13 months and 38%. A Cox multivariate analysis revealed significant predictor variables for increased survival were treatment strategy, RT dose delivered and T status. Increased local control was seen with either multimodality approach compared to radiation therapy alone. Our data suggests that a multimodality approach is superior as a curative treatment strategy, compared to RT alone, in esophageal cancer. In our series no significant differences were seen with respect to treatment outcome between the two multimodality approaches used.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill. fruit juice protects liver from carbon tetrachloride-induced injury.

The protective effects of the juice of Opuntia ficus indica fruit (prickly pear) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced hepatotoxicity were examined in rats. The animals were treated orally with the juice (3 mL/rat) 2 h after administration of the hepatotoxic agent. Preventive effects were studied by giving the juice (3 mL/rat) for 9 consecutive days. On day 9 the rats received the hepatotoxic agent. Morphological and biochemical evaluations were carried out 24, 48 and 72 h after induction of the hepatic damage. Data show that O. ficus indica fruit juice administration exerts protective and curative effects against the CCl(4)-induced degenerative process in rat liver. Histology evaluation revealed a normal hepatic parenchyma at 48 h; the injury was fully restored after 72 h. Moreover, a significant reduction in CCl(4)-induced increase of GOT and GPT plasma levels is evident; these data are in agreement with the functional improvement of hepatocytes. O. ficus indica fruit juice contains many phenol compounds, ascorbic acid, betalains, betacyanins, and a flavonoid fraction, which consists mainly of rutin and isorhamnetin derivatives. Hepatoprotection may be related to the flavonoid fraction of the juice, but other compounds, such as vitamin C and betalains could, synergistically, counteract many degenerative processes by means of their antioxidant activity.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Transcript AA454543 is a novel prognostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma after curative partial hepatectomy.

BACKGROUND: We have previously reported on the cDNA microarray gene expression profiles of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). Among the genes that show prognostic significance and are overexpressed in tumor compared with adjacent nontumorous liver, transcript AA454543 may have potential for practical use. Our aim is to validate the prognostic significance of transcript AA454543 by alternative research methods and in a separate group of HCC patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: The data of transcript AA454543 derived from microarray analysis of 48 patients having curative partial hepatectomy (group 1) were verified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (r = 0.618, P < .001). A separate sample set of HCCs obtained from 53 patients (group 2) was examined and the association of AA454543 expression level with overall survival was again validated (P = .027). By Cox regression analysis, transcript AA454543 [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.0, P = .017] and pathologic tumor node metastasis (pTNM) stage (HR = 3.3, P = .010) were independent prognostic factors for overall survival. The accuracy of prediction for 3-year overall survival for transcript AA454543 (74.2%, P = .001) and pTNM stage (76.4%, P = .001) was comparable as measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. CONCLUSION: Transcript AA454543 is potentially useful molecular prognostic marker for overall survival after curative partial hepatectomy for HCC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

An ontology for a Robot Scientist.

MOTIVATION: A Robot Scientist is a physically implemented robotic system that can automatically carry out cycles of scientific experimentation. We are commissioning a new Robot Scientist designed to investigate gene function in S. cerevisiae. This Robot Scientist will be capable of initiating >1,000 experiments, and making >200,000 observations a day. Robot Scientists provide a unique test bed for the development of methodologies for the curation and annotation of scientific experiments: because the experiments are conceived and executed automatically by computer, it is possible to completely capture and digitally curate all aspects of the scientific process. This new ability brings with it significant technical challenges. To meet these we apply an ontology driven approach to the representation of all the Robot Scientist's data and metadata. RESULTS: We demonstrate the utility of developing an ontology for our new Robot Scientist. This ontology is based on a general ontology of experiments. The ontology aids the curation and annotating of the experimental data and metadata, and the equipment metadata, and supports the design of database systems to hold the data and metadata. AVAILABILITY: EXPO in XML and OWL formats is at: http://sourceforge.net/projects/expo/. All materials about the Robot Scientist project are available at: http://www.aber.ac.uk/compsci/Research/bio/robotsci/.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy of adjuvant immunochemotherapy with OK-432 for patients with curatively resected gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of centrally randomized controlled clinical trials.

The benefit of immunochemotherapy employing a streptococcal preparation, OK-432 (Picibanil), in patients with curatively resected gastric cancer was reassessed by meta-analysis of data from 1,522 patients enrolled in six clinical trials with central randomization. All six trials began between 1985 and 1993, and patients were followed-up for at least 3 years after surgery and enrollment of the last patient. In these trials, standard chemotherapy was compared with the same chemotherapy plus OK-432. The endpoint was overall survival and intent-to-treat analysis was done without patient exclusion. Data were analyzed using the Mantel-Haenszel method. The 3-year survival rate for all eligible patients in the six trials was 67.5% in the immunochemotherapy group versus 62.6% in the chemotherapy group. The 3-year overall survival odds ratio was 0.81 (95% confidence interval: 0.65-0.99). The treatment effect was shown to be statistically significant (p = 0.044). The results of this meta-analysis suggest that immunochemotherapy after surgery with OK-432 can improve the survival of patients with curatively resected gastric cancer.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2006

PageMan: an interactive ontology tool to generate, display, and annotate overview graphs for profiling experiments.

BACKGROUND: Microarray technology has become a widely accepted and standardized tool in biology. The first microarray data analysis programs were developed to support pair-wise comparison. However, as microarray experiments have become more routine, large scale experiments have become more common, which investigate multiple time points or sets of mutants or transgenics. To extract biological information from such high-throughput expression data, it is necessary to develop efficient analytical platforms, which combine manually curated gene ontologies with efficient visualization and navigation tools. Currently, most tools focus on a few limited biological aspects, rather than offering a holistic, integrated analysis. RESULTS: Here we introduce PageMan, a multiplatform, user-friendly, and stand-alone software tool that annotates, investigates, and condenses high-throughput microarray data in the context of functional ontologies. It includes a GUI tool to transform different ontologies into a suitable format, enabling the user to compare and choose between different ontologies. It is equipped with several statistical modules for data analysis, including over-representation analysis and Wilcoxon statistical testing. Results are exported in a graphical format for direct use, or for further editing in graphics programs.PageMan provides a fast overview of single treatments, allows genome-level responses to be compared across several microarray experiments covering, for example, stress responses at multiple time points. This aids in searching for trait-specific changes in pathways using mutants or transgenics, analyzing development time-courses, and comparison between species. In a case study, we analyze the results of publicly available microarrays of multiple cold stress experiments using PageMan, and compare the results to a previously published meta-analysis.PageMan offers a complete user's guide, a web-based over-representation analysis as well as a tutorial, and is freely available at http://mapman.mpimp-golm.mpg.de/pageman/. CONCLUSION: PageMan allows multiple microarray experiments to be efficiently condensed into a single page graphical display. The flexible interface allows data to be quickly and easily visualized, facilitating comparisons within experiments and to published experiments, thus enabling researchers to gain a rapid overview of the biological responses in the experiments.

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed1996

Long-term survival after curative resection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Clinicopathologic analysis of 5-year survivors.

OBJECTIVE: The authors reviewed the clinicopathologic characteristics of patients who underwent resection with curative intent for ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas between 1983 and 1989. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Recent studies have demonstrated a reduction in the morbidity and mortality of pancreatic resection and improvement in the actuarial 5-year survival for patients with resected ductal adenocarcinoma. METHODS: Resection with curative intent was performed on 118 of 684 patients (17%) with pancreatic cancer admitted to the authors' institution. Clinical, demographic, treatment, and pathologic variables were analyzed. The original material for all cases was reviewed; nonductal cancers were excluded. RESULTS: The head of the gland was the predominant tumor site (n = 102), followed by the body (n = 9), and tail (n = 7). Seventy-two percent of the patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomies, 15% underwent total pancreatectomies, 10% underwent distal pancreatectomies, and 3% underwent distal subtotal pancreatectomies. Operative mortality was 3.4%. Median survival was 14.3 months after resection compared with 4.9 months if patients did not undergo resection (p < 0.0001). Twelve patients survived 5 years after surgery (10.2% overall actual 5-year survival rate). Three of the tumors were well differentiated, five were moderately differentiated, and four were poorly differentiated. Extrapancreatic invasion occurred in nine cases (75%), and perineural invasion was present in ten cases (83%). Five tumors exhibited invasion of duodenum, ampulla of Vater, and/or common bile duct, and an additional tumor invaded the portal vein. Lymph node involvement by carcinoma was noted in five cases (42%). Six patients remain alive without evidence of disease at a median follow-up of 101 months (range, 82-133 months). Five patients died of recurrent or metastatic pancreatic cancer at 60, 61, 62, 64, and 64 months, respectively. One patient died at 84 months of metastatic lung cancer without evidence of recurrent pancreatic disease. CONCLUSIONS: This paper emphasizes the grim prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Five-year survival cannot be equated to cure. Although pancreatectomy offers the only chance for long-term survival, it should be considered as the best palliative procedure currently available for the majority of patients. This emphasizes the need for the development of novel and effective adjuvant therapies for this disease.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1986

Current issues in the treatment of colorectal cancer.

For colorectal cancers that are confined to the bowel wall with uninvolved nodes, surgery alone is curative in most patients, and adjuvant treatment is usually not indicated. A combined modality approach for the initial treatment of many rectal and selected colonic carcinomas is based on data that "radical" operations do not necessarily prevent either local regrowth or distant failures and acceptance of a significant palliative but infrequent curative role for irradiation and chemotherapy when such failures occur. Published data for rectal cancer indicates that local recurrence can be markedly reduced by moderate to high dose pre- and post-operative irradiation +/- chemotherapy. For colon cancer, data from pilot trials suggest that post-operative irradiation may reduce local recurrence by stage when compared with surgery alone analyses, but randomized trials are needed. With locally advanced disease, aggressive treatment combinations appear to increase both local control and survival, but much interaction is required between involved physicians.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Long-term survival and prognostic factors for 2170 breast cancer patients treated at two cancer centers (Milan and Houston).

Data on 2170 consecutive patients with breast cancer submitted to curative surgery with or without combined radiotherapy in the period 1968-1972 at the National Cancer Institute of Milan (Italy) and at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center of Houston (Texas, USA) were analyzed to evaluate the prognosis of breast cancer patients after loco-regional treatment only and to verify if different prognostic factors have the same relevance. Forty-four percent of patients were alive without evidence of disease at the end of the follow-up in both centers: 14% of patients treated in Milan died without evidence of breast cancer with an intercurrent disease, whereas the death rate for intercurrent disease was 27% in Houston. Thirty-seven percent of the patients in Milan and 26% of the patients in Houston died from breast cancer. A considerable percentage of patients (23.4% in Milano, 38.2% in Houston) had one or more of the required items not specified in the clinical chart. Since the lack of information was considered a possible source of bias, the series were divided into two groups: the first collecting patients with all information available, the second gathering patients with at least one of the required items missing. The latter group was defined "unknown". Multivariate analysis of survival, carried out by means of Cox's regression model, showed that mortality of these patients for all causes was significantly affected by the following criteria: status of regional nodes (P = 2 X 10(-13)), unknown (P = 10(-9)), maximum diameter of primary tumor (P = 7 X 10(-10)), age of the patients (P = 10(-4)), site of primary (P = 0.01), and Center (P = 0.04). A significant interaction was found between center and a) age of the patients, b) menopausal status and c) unknown. The relative P values were 6 X 10(-7) for age and center, 8 X 10(-3) for menopausal and center, 3 X 10(-2) for unknown and center. Multivariate analysis of breast cancer mortality was significantly affected by: status of regional nodes (P = 10(-18)), diameter of primary (P = 5 X 10(-14)), unknown (P = 2 X 10(-13)), center (P = 2 X 10(-6)), site of primary (P = 0.002), and age of the patients (P = 0.03). The same significant interaction as for mortality from all causes was found. It is concluded that comparability of results obtained in different institutions may be dependent on the standardization and availability of patients data.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Age Factors↗
PubMed2025

Q RadFusion: Hybrid Quantum Classical Radiogenomic Framework for Breast Cancer Diagnosis.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Breast cancer remains the most common cancer in women worldwide, with early and accurate diagnosis critical for patient survival. Radiogenomics integrates imaging phenotypes with genomic profiles, offering a pathway to precision diagnostics. However, existing classical machine learning models often struggle with the high dimensionality and heterogeneity of multimodal data, leading to issues in calibration and reproducibility. This study presents Q RadFusion, a hybrid quantum-classical framework designed to enhance breast cancer diagnosis by fusing mammography and genomics data. METHODS: Q RadFusion was implemented on two publicly available datasets: CBIS-DDSM (2,600 curated mammography cases, TCIA) and TCGA-BRCA (1,000 genomic profiles, GDC). Imaging preprocessing included bias-field correction, segmentation, and harmonization, while genomic data underwent normalization and imputation. Feature selection was performed using the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), and features were mapped into a quantum Hilbert space using Variational Quantum Circuits (VQC). For multimodal fusion, ResNet encoded mammography features, and a Transformer encoded genomic features. Patient-level and site-held-out splits were used for evaluation. RESULTS: Q RadFusion achieved an AUC of 0.96 and accuracy of 94%, outperforming baselines including CNN-LSTM, ResNet + XGBoost, and multimodal Transformers. Ablation studies confirmed the contribution of quantum components, with optimal performance observed at circuit depth, qubits, and QAOA layers. The model also demonstrated improved calibration and ~ 80% fewer parameters compared to deep fusion networks. CONCLUSION: Q RadFusion demonstrates that hybrid quantum-classical radiogenomic integration can deliver accurate, reproducible, and clinically meaningful diagnostic support for breast cancer, with strong potential for future clinical translation.

Breast Cancer↗