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PubMed1982

[Clinical diagnosis of well differentiated cervical adenocarcinoma with plentiful mucous secretion].

Six cases of cervical adenocarcinoma with plentiful mucous secretion were recently experienced. They were clearly distinguishable from the majority of adenocarcinoma without plentiful mucous secretion from the standpoint of clinical and colposcopic findings. As common features deduced from clinical and colposcopic findings, it could be pointed out that portio vaginalis become swollen as a whole showed resiliency as of a rubber ball, and that erosion widespread over nearly entire surface of portio vaginalis is accompanied with a plentiful mucus. On the surface of erosion was found neither localization of ulcer, nor necrosis and nor bleeding trend even in cases under progressing. Colposcopic findings were distinguished with features of papillea-, net-and transformation zone-like, and mixed type. On the other hand, all the cases were evaluated cytologically to be positive with difficulty. And they were histologically well differentiated adenocarcinoma with plentiful mucus. The distinctive feature in the clinical and colposcopic findings identified for the cases of well differentiated adenocarcinoma with a plentiful mucus was evaluated to be useful means to assist the diagnosis of cervical adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1996

[Study on experimental cervical defect of human tooth by SEM].

Experimental cervical defects on 12 pairs of premolar caused by cross-brushing, erosion and occlusal force separately or together were observed under SEM Changes on the surface of cervical defects suggested that the defects were induced by the above three factors combined. It was interesting that various kinds of microcracks were noticed on sections of enamel and dentin at the cervical defect areas made by mimicking occlusal force combined with other factors. The results seemed to indicate that the occlusal force would play an important role on formation of the cervical wedge-shaped defect and that accumulation of the stress caused the hard tissue injured and microcracked.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Chemoprevention of mammary, cervix and nervous system carcinogenesis in animals using cultured Panax ginseng drugs and preliminary clinical trials in patients with precancerous lesions of the esophagus and endometrium.

The anticarcinogenic effects and mechanisms of the biotechnological drugs of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer cultivated in Russia, bioginseng, panaxel and panaxel- 5, were studied. Bioginseng was produced from a tissue culture of ginseng root cultured on standard medium, whereas panaxel and panaxel-5 were produced from ginseng tissue root cultures using standard mediums enriched with 2-carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide and 1-hydroxygermatran-monohydrate respectively. All three ginseng drugs inhibited the development of mammary tumors induced by intramammary injections of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in rats, the development of the brain and spinal cord tumors induced by transplacental administration of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) in rats, and the development of uterine, cervical and vaginal tumors induced by intravaginal applications of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in mice. The ginseng drugs induced the cytotoxic activity of macrophages in mice, enhanced T-lymphocyte rosette formation in guinea pigs exposed to cyclophosphamide, and stimulated the production of thyroid hormones in rats. These mechanisms may contribute to the anticarcinogenic action of the ginseng drugs. The organic germanium compounds present in panaxel and panaxel-5 did not potentiate the anticarcinogenic or immuno- stimulatory effects as much as biogeinseng. Preliminary clinical trials with panaxel and bioginseng were carried out in patients with precancerous lesions of the esophagus and endometrium. Panaxel was found to have a strong therapeutic effect in patients suffering from chronic erosive esophagitis. Bioginseng induced the regression of adenomatous-cystic hyperplasia of the endometrium in some patients. Thus, we conclude that the drugs of ginseng appear to hold considerable promise for future cancer chemoprevention.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

Uterus-sparing vaginal surgery of genitourinary prolapse employing biocompatible material.

OBJECTIVE: The study presents an original uterus sparing technique for transvaginal repair of total genitourinary prolapse. The technique employs a synthetic mesh of mixed polypropylene and 910 polyglactin fibers. METHODS: The prosthesis creates a support for the cystocele, the cervix and the enterocele. It has four anchoring sites: two at the rear in the sacrospinous ligaments and two at the front in the arcus tendineous of the levator ani muscle. Between February 2001 and December 2004, 24 patients (mean age 66.9 years), presenting symptoms of uterine prolapse, cystocele and enterocele (POP-Q stage III-IV Aa associated to II-III-IV C), were treated with our procedure. Pre- and postoperative parameters were evaluated statistically. RESULTS: No patient had any serious complications. The mean follow-up was 31.1 months (range 6-52). 19 patients (79.1%) have shown excellent results and have been completely cured. In 5 other cases (20.8%), the cystocele was completely cured and there was a significant improvement in the hysterocele and the enterocele. One patient required surgical treatment for postoperative stress incontinence. Statistical analysis of data regarding the pre- and postoperative prolapse stage demonstrated a high degree of objective cure rates (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: While hysterectomy remains the habitual treatment for severe uterine prolapse, our technique provides a promising alternative solution. It is also significant that there were no complications of erosion or infection associated with the prosthesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

The importance of endometrial fluid collection in postmenopause.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the importance of postmenopausal endometrial fluid collection, which has almost invariably been accepted as a finding of a malignant process. METHODS: Out of 1,500 postmenopausal patients admitted to our center mainly for their postmenopausal symptoms, endometrial fluid collection was detected in 15 cases during transvaginal pelvic ultrasonographic evaluations. These patients were evaluated with cervical smears as well as endocervical and endometrial curretages. The fluid collections were aspirated and measured. RESULTS: The mean age and mean menopausal age were 51.7 +/- 1.3 and 5.7 +/- 9.8 years, respectively. Six of the patients were already on hormone replacement therapy. Nine were asymptomatic and the others had vaginal discharge and pelvic pain. Ten patients had normal findings on pelvic examination, and in the others benign cervical polyps, previous cervical amputation, cervical erosion, and nabothian cysts were detected. The volume of the directly measured fluid was 7.9 +/- 4.0 cm3. The cervical smears, the cytological examinations of the fluids, the colposcopic examinations and the endocervical curretages were negative, and the histopathological evaluation of the endometrial curretage specimens revealed no premalignant or malignant disease, but blood and fibrin in 1 patient, inactive endometria in 9 patients, proliferative endometria in 4 patients and senile cystic atrophy in 1 patient. CONCLUSION: Although there was no malignancy in our series, the conflicting results of the limited number of studies made us cautious and we still consider that postmenopausal patients with endometrial fluid collection may be at risk for gynecologic cancers and that every effort should be made in order to rule out such a condition.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed2006

Atypical reactive proliferation of endocervix: a common lesion associated with endometrial carcinoma and likely related to prior endometrial sampling.

We describe a common, but hitherto not well described, reactive change of the endocervical surface epithelium, commonly seen in association with endometrial carcinoma, and which we term 'atypical reactive proliferation'. This lesion, especially when florid, has the potential to be misinterpreted as a manifestation of a stage 2A endometrial cancer (endocervical glandular involvement). We examined the cervical sections in 80 consecutive hysterectomy specimens of endometrial cancer. In 22 cases (27.5%), there was cervical involvement by tumour and these cases were excluded from further analysis. Of the remaining cases, atypical reactive proliferation involved the endocervical surface in 40 of 58 (69%) cases, although the degree of abnormality varied widely between individual cases. Histological features characteristic of atypical reactive proliferation (not all features were present in each case) included nuclear stratification and multilayering with short micropapillary processes, squamoid change, hobnail cells and mild cytological atypia. Other features present in some cases were surface erosion, clearing of the cytoplasm, fibrin deposition, an inflammatory cell infiltrate and fibrosis of the subepithelial tissue. In 20 control cases, comprising hysterectomy specimens for benign conditions, similar changes were not seen. Vimentin immunohistochemistry was undertaken in eight cases in which atypical reactive proliferation was particularly florid. Five cases were completely negative and three exhibited very focal positivity. Atypical reactive proliferation involving the endocervical surface is commonly seen in association with endometrial cancer and has the potential to be misinterpreted as endocervical involvement by tumour. Although this could represent a reactive change associated with the presence of an endometrial cancer, we feel atypical reactive proliferation is most likely a reactive/reparative response to recent endometrial biopsy or curettage. The vimentin-negative immunophenotype may be of value in cases where the uterine carcinoma is endometrioid in type as these neoplasms are generally vimentin positive.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

A clinicobacteriological study on leucorrhoea.

The pathogens like Trichomonas vaginalis (4.5%), N gonorrhoeae (2.7%) and C albicans (6.7%) were exclusively present in leucorrhoea. The other potential agents with their respective percentages in normal women and cases of leucorrhoea were U urealyticum (21.2% and 50.2%), actinomyces (29.7% and 41.6%), Chlamydia trachomatis (17% and 48.8%), candida-like organisms (CLO) (1.2% and 9.5%) and non-group B streptococci (4.2% and 16.7%). The percentages of urethral syndrome (65.8%), vaginal irritation (63.4%), sore vulva (17%), cervicitis (13.4%), cervical erosion (11%) of the STD clinic were more than those of gynaecological cases. The latter group more often revealed infertility (15.8%) and pelvic inflammatory disease (13.6%). The exclusive isolation rate of N gonorrhoeae (7.3%) and prevalence of G vaginalis (19.5%) and Trichomonas vaginalis (8.5%) in the STD clinic were notable. The cases of gynaecological clinic more commonly showed C albicans (8%) and CLO (13.6%). Significant differences pertaining to U urealyticum (leucorrhoea and inapparent group p < 0.01; leucorrhoea and normal cases p < 0.01), M hominis (leucorrhoea and inapparent group p < 0.05; leucorrhoea and normal cases p < 0.01), Chlamydia trachomatis (leucorrhoea and normal cases p < 0.01) and also actinomyces (leucorrhoea and normal cases p < 0.01; inapparent and normal cases p < 0.05) were recorded. There was conspicuous association of U urealyticum, M hominis, G vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, CLO and actinomyces with leucorrhoea. An almost exclusive presence of Staph aureus, Esch coli and Klebsiella in cases of leucorrhoea appeared meaningful.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1998

Toothbrushing abrasion of polyacid-modified composites in neutral and acidic buffer solutions.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Polyacid-modified composites are recommended for use in lesions that are subjected to toothbrushing abrasion and acidic challenges, such as cervical lesions. There is little information whether these materials are able to withstand degradation due to erosive attacks and toothbrushing abrasion. PURPOSE: This study evaluated the resistance of polyacid-modified composites against toothbrushing abrasion under acidic and neutral conditions. METHODS: Forty specimens fabricated of each of two polyacid-modified composites (Dyract, Compoglass) were investigated. For each composite group, 20 specimens were placed in a neutral solution (pH: 6.8) and 20 specimens were placed in an acidic solution (pH: 3.0) for 24 hours. All specimens were brushed in an automatic toothbrushing machine, then subjected to storage in the respective buffer solution (8 hours), followed by brushing three times. Abrasion was determined profilometrically. RESULTS: For both materials, abrasion in the acidic environment was significantly higher compared with neutral conditions. Thus, Compoglass composite demonstrated a lower abrasion resistance than Dyract composite. CONCLUSION: The abrasion resistance of the investigated materials was reduced under acidic conditions.

Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An alternative hypothesis from veterinary science for the pathogenesis of noncarious cervical lesions.

An alternative hypothesis to abrasion and erosion for the pathogenesis of noncarious cervical lesions was put forward in 1984; the so-called occlusal theory suggested that tensile stresses from occlusal overload could be involved in the pathogenesis of noncarious cervical lesions and that bending stresses applied to teeth could cause disruption of the surface enamel, resulting in increased susceptibility to dissolution and abrasion at the affected sites and in the development of wedge-shaped lesions. This theory has gained increased acceptance in recent years, although absolute scientific evidence has been scant. These lesions also occur in animals, in particular, the domestic cat, in which they are called feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions. A variety of theories about pathogenesis of these lesions have been put forward, but there is some evidence that occlusal overload may be a contributory factor in the development of an inflammatory response in the periodontal membrane and the presence of enzymes associated with resorption in the gingival crevice. Further investigation may help define a common etiology between the pathogenesis of feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions and noncarious cervical lesions.

Acid Phosphatase↗