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PubMed1996

[Professor Wladyslaw Szymonowicz (1869-1939). Scientific biography].

Władysław Szymonowicz doctor of medicine distinguished professor of histology, a world over appreciated scientist, doctor of medicine Władysław Szymonowicz lived in 1869-1939. He finished his High School in Lwów, then was studding on Medical Faculty of Jagiellonian University in 1887-1893. As an assistant at Physiology Department conducted investigation on adrenals, together with Prof. Napoleon Cybulski--department's head. The results were published in some dissertations i.g. "On symptoms after excision of adrenals in dogs and effects of its extracts". In 1895 he gained Ph.D. degree on histological topic: "Morphological and Physiological view on adrenals" and after that he promoted to a higher post--private docent degree. In February 1897 he was appointed to an assistant professor in histology and embryology on Medical Faculty of Lwów University. From the 1st of April 1898 he was a head of the department of Histology and Embryology and a head of Histologico-Embryological Institution. Lwów's period belonged to the most fruitful time of Prof. Szymonowicz's life. One of his essential achievements was scientific description of manual on histology and microscopic anatomy. This work reached 12 editions in some languages like German, English, Italian, Spanish and Polish. The next years Prof. Szymonowicz devoted for storing and studding materials on nerves endings and published the series of original dissertations concerning the development of nerves endings in human skin and animals. The last two years of his life he spent at his home, Piłsudskiego str. 18. He died on 10th March 1939, buried in his family vault on Lyczakowski's Cemetery in Lwów.

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PubMed1996

Female sexuality and historical time: a comparison of sexual biographies of German women born between 1895 and 1936.

Ninety-one German women ages 50 to 91 years (birth cohorts: 1895 to 1936) were interviewed in-depth about their sexual development through the life span. This article presents the results on the historical change in female sexuality during childhood, puberty, and young marriage. The sample was divided into four subgroups, according to the year of birth, which were compared to each other. In contrast to the older groups, a higher percentage of women in the younger cohorts had experience in childhood sexual play, masturbation, "real" and faked orgasm, with historical time only having a slight influence on marital sexuality and fertility experiences. Data indicate that subjects born later were not only more experienced sexually but changed intraindividually more often in sexual matters, whereas the older women mostly "conserved" the sexual morals and habits learned in youth. Subjective sexual experience of the interviewees is illustrated by quotations.

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