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PubMed1980

Effect of endogenous GH secretion during hyperthermic bath on glucose metabolism and insulin release in man.

In healthy male subjects the hyperthermic water bath (40 degrees C for 30 min) induced an increase of growth hormone (GH) level in plasma with the increment higher than 5 ng ml-1. One group of six good GH responders--with the mean increment of 10.9 +/- 1.67 ng ml-1 was given glucose per os immediately after the bath. In other experiment the oral glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed in six good GH responders (mean increment 16.1 +/- 2.0 ng ml-1) at 90 min after the peak of GH increase. In both experiments the insulin release and glucose tolerance did not differ from the results obtained in the same group in a control isothermic water bath at 30 degrees C. It is concluded that endogenous increase of GH in healthy subjects did not affect the insulin secretion and disappearance of glucose from peripheral blood.

Adult↗

PubMed1981

Zinc sulfate foot bath for control of ovine foot rot.

A 10% zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) solution was used as a foot bath to control foot rot in pastured lambs. When the foot bath was placed where infected lambs would walk through it each day, clinical evidence of foot rot was greatly reduced within 15 days, and the total number of cases detected after thorough foot trimming was greatly reduced within 30 days. When the foot bath was placed under the salt feeding box, it was not effective. Feeding ZnSO4 at the rate of 0.5 to 0.75 g/head/day was not effective in controlling foot rot. Temperature and moisture conditions were favorable for foot rot transmission throughout the trials.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed1981

[Microbiological studies of small hot-bath-pools and hot-whirl-pools (author's transl)].

Hot small bathing pools and hot whirl-pools have the following characteristics: small watervolume, thick squeeze of swimmers, high water temperature (37-40 degrees C) and small dimension of filters. By this, the quality of bathing-water is influenced detrimentally. To elaborate the hygienic problems, bathing-water samples were taken before, during and after the visiting-hours and were tested for facultative-pathogenic microorganisms. During this investigation E. coli was isolated in 25 degrees, Coliforms and Proteus species in 37.3%, P. aeruginosa in 36%, S. aureus in 26.3%, Enterococci in 42.3 %, Candida albicans in 3.6% and yeast totally in 8.3%.

Bacteria↗

PubMed1993

[The weight-bath and its biomechanics].

Authors report about build-up, the biomechanics, the indication, the contraindication and the method of appliance of traction bath. They were the first who made biomechanical calculations so that they could assess the extension power on the different parts of the spinal column as well as on the big joints of the lower limbs during traction bath treatment. The extension power in the traction bath depends on the way of the suspension, the weight of the human body in water, its relative density and the place and size of the weights. Supported by calculations extension power was defined in the suspension point and at any distance from it in unloaded conditions and in loading with various weights. The extension power of the net weight of the body was 2-4 kgs in the suspension point and at the neck (cervical vertebrae) while on the lumbar vertebrae it was the half of that value. The change in the power on the vertebrae (spinal column) was plotted against the body weight, the relative density and the applied weights.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗

PubMed1997

Cytokine levels in osteoarthrosis patients undergoing mud bath therapy.

Osteoarthritis is an important rheumatic condition characterized by the progressive destruction of cartilage. The pathophysiologic phenomena leading to the pathologic changes in the joint appear to result from biomechanical factors and activation of final common pathways of tissue damage influencing chondrocyte homeostasis and a functional program. Several cytokines and growth factors are reported to be responsible for inflammation and cartilage degradation. Among these, IL-1 and TNF alpha have been suggested as important in promoting cartilage inflammation and tissue destruction, while IGF I has a protective influence on cartilage structure. Chondrocytes and their metabolism have gained interest as targets of drug intervention; the results of this study confirm that mud bath therapy is also able to influence chondrocyte activities. Our data suggest that mud bath therapy influences cytokines related to osteoarthrosis pathomechanism and maintenance, and encourage further investigations to evaluate possible synergism between pharmacological treatment and mud bath therapy.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

A comparison of bond strengths of soft denture liners to polymethyl methacrylate polymerized by conventional water bath and microwave curing techniques.

This study compared the tensile bond strengths of soft lining materials polymerized by using conventional water bath methods and microwave energy. The soft lining materials used in this investigation were heat temperature vulcanizing (H.T.V.) silicon material Molloplast-B, and room temperature vulcanizing (R.T.V) acrylic material Getz Soft Oryl. The H.T.V. specimens were prepared with retention, additional retention and without retention, and the R.T.V. specimens were prepared by using bonding agent and bonding agent plus retention. All were cured by both conventional water bath and microwave energy. Results showed that the mean bond strength of H.T.V. specimens ranged from 9.6 to 13.12 kg/cm2, while the mean bond strength of R.T.V. specimens ranged from 0.36 to 1.75 kg/cm2. In both conventional and microwave groups, the specimens prepared with retention, additional retention and without retention or using bonding agent and bonding agent plus retention did not show any significant difference when they were compared separately. But the difference between conventional and microwave groups was found significant in both H.T.V. and R.T.V. specimens. It showed that conventional water bath technique is better than microwave technique.

Acrylic Resins↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[DNA metabolism in lymphocytes of experimental subjects during thermotherapy (sauna, Turkish bath)].

The unprogrammed DNA synthesis (UDS) in the lymphocytes of the peripheral blood was significantly higher in regular sauna-users than in those who had not had a sauna for some time. Sedimentation velocity of the supercoiled DNA in the lymphocytes was decreased 1 h and 24 h after Turkish bath, but the difference from values before the bath was not statistically significant.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Effects of order of presentation of exercise intensities and of sauna baths on perceived exertion during treadmill running.

Thirteen male subjects performed a running test on the treadmill consisting of four standard exercise intensities [65%, 75%, 85%, 95% maximal O2 uptake (VO2 max)] presented in ascending, descending or random order. At the end of each exercise intensity, O2 consumption, heart rate (fc), venous blood lactate concentration [( Ia]b) and perceived exertion were assessed. This last variable was determined according to the Borg nonlinear CR-20 scale. The same variables were also determined during exercise at a standard intensity (65% or 95% VO2 max) performed before and after a Finnish sauna bath. Ratings of perceived exertion showed a good test-retest reliability (r = 0.77); they were the same when the exercise intensity was expressed in relative (%VO2 max) or absolute (speed) terms, and were independent of the order of presentation of the exercise. The latter had no effect on fc either but it did, however, influence [Ia]b, which was significantly higher in the descending, as compared to the ascending or random modes of presentation. The sauna bath increased fc at a given exercise intensity, but left perceived exertion and [Ia]b unchanged. It was concluded that at least under the present experimental conditions, fc and venous [Ia]b do not play a major role as determinants of perceived exertion.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[PUVA bath therapy. Indications and practical implementation].

Systemic PUVA photochemotherapy is widely used for a variety of skin diseases. Administration of 8-methoxypsoralen in a dilute bathwater solution may be an effective alternative therapy with no systemic side-effects and requiring smaller amounts of UVA to induce the required phototoxic response. PUVA baths of the palms and soles are an interesting alternative for dermatoses confined to these sites. This article reviews the authors' experience with PUVA bath therapy. Indications for and applications of this technique are discussed.

Baths↗

PubMed1996

[The value of oil baths for adjuvant basic therapy of inflammatory dermatoses with dry, barrier-disrupted skin].

The therapeutic value of oil baths for the treatment of dry skin with disturbed barrier function in atopic eczema, atopic xerosis, dry aged skin, exsiccation eczematid and psoriasis vulgaris is presented with special regard to modern concepts of epidermal barrier function. The use of oil baths with emollients as an integral and indispensable constitutent of maintenance therapy in dry skin conditions, atopic eczema and inflammatory dermatoses is reviewed.

Baths↗

PubMed1997

[The successful monotherapy of hypereosinophilic dermatitis with PUVA-bath photochemotherapy].

A 70-year-old woman with long-standing hypereosinophilic dermatitis improved strikingly with PUVA-bath photochemotherapy. The single UVA doses ranged from 0.3 to 3.3 J/cm2. After 19 treatment sessions pruritus disappeared, and after 32 treatments the erythematous maculae completely cleared. Under continuous treatment three times a week, no relapse has occurred to date. PUVA-bath photochemotherapy seems to be a promising new treatment modality without systemic side effects for patients with hypereosinophilic dermatitis.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

[PUVA-bath photochemotherapy in Hallopeau's acrodermatitis continua suppurativa].

A 73-year-old man presented with severe, relapsing acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau, which had been resistant to prior local and systemic therapy for eight years. The patient was treated with selective hand PUVA-bath photochemotherapy. The cumulative dose of UVA used over 10 weeks of treatment was 54.6 J/cm2 on the palms and 26.8 J/cm2 on the dorsum of the hands. The single UVA doses ranged from 0.5 to 2.5 J/cm2 on the palms and 0.2 to 1.4 J/cm2 on the dorsum of the hands. After 16 treatment sessions, the acrodermatitis continua started to improve, and after 24 treatments, had cleared completely. In the four months following the PUVA therapy, there was no relapse. PUVA-bath photochemotherapy is an efficient therapeutic alternative in the treatment of acrodermatitis continua due to its clinical effectiveness and lack of any systemic side effects. It also possesses the advantage of allowing selective photosensitization of certain areas of the skin such as the hands.

Acrodermatitis↗

PubMed1996

[Bath additives in dermatologic balneotherapy. Indications and approaches in current research].

Progress in dermatological research during the last years has provided new insights into the mode of action of additives to dermatological baths. The present paper reviews the pharmacokinetics of dermatological bath therapy additives such as sulfur, salts and trace elements, tars and ichthyol, lipids, antiseptics, astringents, plant extracts, surface-active agents and proteins.

Balneology↗

PubMed1992

A transient rise in plasma beta-endorphin after a traditional 47 degrees C hot-spring bath in Kusatsu-spa, Japan.

To clarify the mechanism of the intoxicating feeling attained after a traditional 47 degrees C hot-spring bath called 'jikan-yu' in Kusatsu-spa, Japan, we examined the change in plasma levels of beta-endorphin and methionine enkephalin in 7 healthy subjects. The mean sublingual temperature rose from 36.8 degrees C to 38.6 degrees C and the plasma beta-endorphin level from 16.2 pg/ml to 49.5 pg/ml 2 minutes after completing a 3-minute bath in 47 degrees C hot-spring water. However, the plasma methionine enkephalin level was not changed. This feeling of intoxication may be explained by the transient rise in plasma beta-endorphin level.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Bath-water scalds in children and thermostatic mixer valves.

BACKGROUND: Scalds in children caused by hot bath-water have been virtually eliminated in countries where thermostatic mixer valve (TMV) devices have been introduced. We aimed to determine the frequency and severity of these injuries in our region and estimate reduction in workload and cost if TMVs were introduced in the future. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of case-notes for all bath-water scalds patients aged under 16 years, admitted to the Northern Regional Burn Centre from the 1 January 1997 until 1 January 2005. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty-five patients were admitted over this period. Their average+/-S.D. age was 35.7+/-27.23 months. Scalds ranged from 0.5 to 45% total burn surface area (mean 9.3+/-9.15%). These patients stayed in hospital for an average of 6.3+/-5.58 days and 18 (14.4%) required tangential excision and split skin grafting. DISCUSSION: These injuries are: painful, psychologically disturbing and potentially preventable. The care of these children has significant cost implications, which could be reduced with the introduction of proposed legislation to enforce the installation of TMVs into all newly built houses. We are in favour of such legislation to prevent any further unnecessary suffering and cost arising from these accidents.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

An operational method for the real-time monitoring of E. coli numbers in bathing waters.

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential application of the beta-d-glucuronidase (GLUase) activity measurement for the routine detection and quantification of E. coli in marine bathing waters. GLUase activity was measured as the rate of hydrolysis of 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-d-glucuronide. Culturable E. coli were quantified by the most probable number (MPN) microplate method. Both methods were applied to a large set of seawater samples. Significant correlation was found between the log of GLUase activity and the log of culturable E. coli. The mean coefficient of variation (CV) of the GLUase activity was less than 15% at concentrations around the current standards of International regulations whereas the CV of the microplate method was around 30%. When samples were stored at 4 degrees C and 20 degrees C, the mean CV of the GLUase activity remained below 15% up to 6 hours after sample collection whereas the range of variation of the microplate method varied between 10 and 50%. We concluded that the GLUase activity is an operational, reproducible, simple, very rapid and low cost method for the real-time enumeration of E. coli in bathing waters and should be preferred to the microplate method. The GLUase activity method should be routinely applied to the rapid enumeration of E. coli in recreational waters and recommendations for its application were suggested to water quality managers.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed2001

Managing coastal bathing water quality: the contribution of microbiology and epidemiology.

The EU Bathing Water Directive with a life of 25 years (EEC, 1976) has contributed significantly to the improvement of the quality of coastal recreational waters throughout Europe and has successfully protected public health. Improvement of the standards of living and general public demands has made it necessary to consider updating it (EU, 1994) introducing important changes in microbiological parameters. Measurement of microbial pollution is of primary importance to this new proposal, as is to the regulatory schemes introduced by the very recent 'Annapolis Protocol' (WHO/US EPA, 1999). This report discusses the microbiological aspects of the health-related management of bathing seawater in the context of the scientific information available from epidemiological and microbiological studies.

Bacteria↗

PubMed1997

Clinical study of epilepsy with severe febrile seizures and seizures induced by hot water bath.

We followed five cases with severe febrile seizures (FS) with early onset and seizures induced by hot water bath, indicating severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (SME) or the peripheral form of SME. These cases, however, had far better clinical courses than that of SME or the peripheral form of SME. These cases were characterized by: (a) severe FS with early onset and seizures induced by hot water bath; (b) a lack of myoclonic seizures; (c) no psychomotor deterioration; (d) no underlying disorders or signs of brain insult on neurologic and laboratory examination; (e) relatively successful seizure control; (f) none of the severe EEG abnormalities seen in SME and the peripheral form of SME; and (g) a positive family history of convulsive disorders.

Adolescent↗