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At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Automobile color as a predictor of driving behavior.

Research on achievement motivation has shown that highly motivated people prefer cool or somber colors like blue and tend to be in a hurry, while less motivated people tend to choose warm or bright colors like red and are less time conscious. We applied these findings to automobile driving, hypothesizing that drivers of cars with high nACH colors would speed at greater velocities and run red lights and stop signs more. Unobtrusive observation in three studies of 193 highway speeders, 261 cars at stop lights, and 191 cars at stop signs showed that drivers of cars with high nACH colors did tend to speed at higher rates and to run red lights more, although they did not run stop signs more. The data partially support previous research on the behavioral correlates of color preference.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2006

The impact of secondary task cognitive processing demand on driving performance.

Crash causation research has identified inattention as a major source of driver error leading to crashes. The series of experiments presented herein investigate the characteristics of an in-vehicle information system (IVIS) task that could hinder driving performance due to uncertainty buildup and cognitive capture. Three on-road studies were performed that used instrumented passenger and tractor-trailer vehicles to obtain real-world driving performance data. Participants included young, middle-aged, and older passenger vehicle drivers and middle-aged and older commercial vehicle operators. While driving, they were presented with IVIS tasks with various information densities, decision-making elements, presentation formats, and presentation modalities (visual or auditory). The experiments showed that, for both presentation modalities, the presence of multiple decision-making elements in a task had a substantial negative impact on driving performance of both automobile drivers and truck drivers when compared to conventional tasks or tasks with only one decision-making element. The results from these experiments can be used to improve IVIS designs, allowing for potential IVIS task phenomena such as uncertainty buildup and cognitive capture to be avoided.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation and retraining programs for older drivers.

Although many individuals who have had strokes or other physical problems assume that they can no longer drive, they are often unaware of retraining programs. In addition to formal courses supported by sponsoring agencies, such as the AAA, there are also programs run by occupational therapists. This article addresses issues relevant to the role of occupational therapists in evaluation and retraining of older drivers and describes several cases as examples. To better inform the public about driver retraining programs for the elderly and the disabled population, the American Occupational Therapy Association has published a pamphlet entitled Able Driving Is Safe Driving that provides information on how driving skills may be affected by age or illness. This publication also will provide examples of adaptive driving equipment usage and driver training. AOTA hopes this pamphlet will inform older adults of their options in maintaining independent community mobility. Research is needed to find out if older adults have relinquished driving because of a physical disability that may have been treatable with rehabilitation. Also, there needs to be a comparison study of classroom driving instruction to actual skill performance so that older adults and insurance companies are investing in programs that will demonstrate the outcome of improved driving performance.

Aged↗