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PubMed1980

The metabolic fate of [35S]-diallyl disulphide in mice.

Diallyl disulphide (DADS) is a major constituent of garlic oil. Uptake of [35S]-labelled diallyl disulphide by mouse liver is highest at 90 min after treatment with [35S]-DADS, 70% of the radioactivity is present in the liver cytosol of which 80% is metabolized to sulphate.

Allyl Compounds↗
PubMed1991

Genetic deficiency of human class mu glutathione S-transferase isoenzymes in relation to the urinary excretion of the mercapturic acids of Z- and E-1,3-dichloropropene.

Mononuclear lymphocytes were isolated from the blood of 12 individuals, who had been exposed to the vapour of the soil fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (DCP). Western blot experiments were performed on the crude lymphocyte homogenates, using a monoclonal antibody against human hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST) isoenzyme mu, to determine the presence or absence of mu-class isoenzymes mu and/or psi. Nine of the individuals were found to be positive for mu and/or psi, the remaining three individuals being negative. In addition, all individuals showed a positive staining on immunoblot of a protein of somewhat lower molecular mass than the hepatic standard. This protein was bound by the S-hexylglutathione affinity column, and presumably constitutes a new mu-class isoenzyme, which is not subject to genetic polymorphism. Determination of the specific activities of individual human GST isoenzymes towards Z-(cis-) and E-(trans-)-DCP demonstrated that mu-class isoenzymes show a considerably higher specific activity with Z-DCP than alpha-class or pi-class isoenzymes. In addition, mu-class isoenzymes were found to be 2- to 3-fold more active with Z-DCP than with E-DCP. Their activity towards E-DCP was similar to the specific activity of alpha-class isoenzymes. Genetic polymorphism for mu-class isoenzymes could thus be a determinant in the extent of excretion of mercapturic acids from Z- and E-DCP. The urinary excretion of Z- and E-DCP mercapturic acids and the respiratory exposure to Z- and E-DCP were determined for nine and eight phenotyped individuals, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetylcysteine↗
PubMed1996

Epoxy allylic carbocations as conceptual intermediates in the biogenesis of diverse marine oxylipins.

Marine organisms, especially marine algae, are extremely rich in a diversity of novel oxylipin structures. Many of these oxylipins contain functionalities and rings of a type and location unknown in mammalian systems. In this perspective reviewing marine oxylipins, a proposal is formulated for the central intermediacy of an epoxy allylic carbocation in the biogenesis of these diverse structures. This proposal is strengthened by the relatively large number of examples which are consistent with this type of mechanistic transformation.

Allyl Compounds↗