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At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Electronic spreadsheet program for estimating two-compartment intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters by least squares linear regression analysis.

A microcomputer program using an electronic spreadsheet program was developed to calculate pharmacokinetic values of thiacetarsamide sodium, a drug used to kill the adult heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) parasite of the dog. A least squares, semilogarithmic regression analysis was done on data using a two compartment intravenous model. The data entered includes the time after injection and the drug concentration at that time. A graph of the points can be viewed or plotted, with the time on the x-axis, and the natural log of the drug concentration on the y-axis. The program was developed on a Televideo (512 kbytes) microcomputer. The spreadsheet used was Lotus 123 with the pharmacokinetics program occupying 16 kbytes of memory (720 cells) out of the 400 kbytes available with Lotus.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A simplified method to determine binding parameters in a two-site case using linear regression.

A program using a simplified method to compute estimates of binding parameters in a system with two independent classes of binding sites is presented. An iterative method is used to approximate step-by-step the two lines describing the binding activities separately, starting from a curvilinear Scatchard or Hofstee plot. This method is designed for use on microcomputers with graphic facilities and on programmable hand-held calculators.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1992

Three-dimensional imaging for brachytherapy planning.

A computerized 3-D brachytherapy treatment planning program has been developed which simulates catheter trajectories, radioisotope seed positioning and percentage dosimetry zones about a catheter/seed array in relationship to CT or MRI images. The high activity 125I seed is used in this program. A visual and a non-linear mathematical optimization program will also be described.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A practical computer-based approach to the analysis of radioligand binding experiments.

EBDA is a computer program designed to process raw data (dpm) obtained from radioligand binding experiments into a form suitable for use by a non-linear curve fitting program. Processing of the data is facilitated by graphical representation in the form of Scatchard and Hill plots for saturation data, and competition curves and Hofstee plots for drug displacement studies. Preliminary estimates of binding constants required by a non-linear curve fitting program can also be obtained.

Computers↗
PubMed1982

Software for linear and non-linear optimization in external radiotherapy.

The study presents a set of programs designed to determine optimum dose distribution either by calculation of beam intensities and field width (in linear programming) or, in addition, by calculation of beam geometry (non-linear optimization). Various optimization criteria can be selected: homogeneity, concentration on target, entire dose in a sensitive area. The optimization method used is the gradient projection method, and doses are calculated by Cunningham formulae. The article describes the program operating modes, the main subroutines and their functions and specifications, and outlines an example.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Linear tomography and the Zonarc TMJ program. Reproducibility of condylar position of TMJ after surgical correction of dysgnathia].

In this clinical study the position of the mandibular condyles of 40 patients treated for malocclusion by surgical splitting of the mandibular ramus alone or combined with Le Fort I osteotomies was studied on lateral linear TMJ tomograms. Linear tomograms of the right and left TMJ with the mandible closed were taken from each patient prior to surgery and 6 months postoperatively. The postoperative changes in condylar position wee assessed in terms of direction and amount. Condylar displacements were found in 89% of the examined joints, most of them were less than 2mm. All types and combinations of displacement occurred, however, general trends in direction depending on the type of treatment could not be established with statistical significance. The type of surgical correction, its direction and amount did not seem to have an effect on the direction and amount of condylar displacement resulting. A comparison of the measured values with data in the literature showed that the amount of condylar displacement was markedly less--this seemed to be attributable to our precise evaluation method and a more sophisticated surgical technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

A memory-efficient dynamic programming algorithm for optimal alignment of a sequence to an RNA secondary structure.

BACKGROUND: Covariance models (CMs) are probabilistic models of RNA secondary structure, analogous to profile hidden Markov models of linear sequence. The dynamic programming algorithm for aligning a CM to an RNA sequence of length N is O(N3) in memory. This is only practical for small RNAs. RESULTS: I describe a divide and conquer variant of the alignment algorithm that is analogous to memory-efficient Myers/Miller dynamic programming algorithms for linear sequence alignment. The new algorithm has an O(N2 log N) memory complexity, at the expense of a small constant factor in time. CONCLUSIONS: Optimal ribosomal RNA structural alignments that previously required up to 150 GB of memory now require less than 270 MB.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1989

[Retention index of essential oil in temperature-programmed capillary column gas chromatography].

Kovats retention indexes of more than 200 kinds of natural and synthetic compounds of alcohol, aldehyde, acetal, ketone, ether, alkene, nitrile, carboxylic acid, ester, etc. were determined on polar liquid phase (DB-WAX) and nonpolar liquid phase (DB-1) by linear temperature-program capillary column gas chromatography. Some rules of part of the homologous series of compounds were summed up from the retention indexes: the rules of RI vs carbon, RI vs boiling point and RI on two columns. In order to keep the retention indexes practical, effects of initial temperature (T0), program rate (r) and average linear carrier gas velocity (u), etc. on the retention indexes were investigated. The conclusion is that the retention indexes are highly reproducible so long as the program parameters change in a certain range. Two kinds of essences, Meigui and Linglan, were identified successfully on IBM-PC/XT microcomputer by the Data Base Management System of essential oil and essence by capillary column gas chromatography and the results are satisfactory.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1993

Sodium modeling ameliorates intradialytic and interdialytic symptoms in young hemodialysis patients.

Despite advances in the delivery of hemodialysis, significant dialytic morbidity persists. Sodium modeling in older adults has been shown to decrease some dialytic symptoms, but clear benefits in young patients without coexisting diabetes or advanced cardiovascular disease have not been shown. The effects of sodium modeling were evaluated in 16 adolescent and young adult hemodialysis patients (16 to 32 yr of age) treated with conventional hemodialysis for a median of 11.5 months. The 8-wk study was divided into four 2-wk blocks. During each block, one of three sodium programs or a constant (control) dialysate sodium of 138 mEq/L was used. During each sodium program, the initial dialysate sodium of 148 mEq/L was decreased by an exponential, linear, or step program to 138 mEq/L. Treatments with sodium modeling were significantly better than those with constant sodium dialysate. When all sodium programs were grouped and compared with constant dialysate sodium, the odds of improvement in dialytic cramps, headaches, and nausea were 1.8, 2.1, and 3.9, respectively (P < 0.05). Sodium modeling also significantly decreased the frequency of postdialysis hypotension and interdialytic fatigue, dizziness, and muscle cramping (P < 0.05). No differences were seen among the sodium protocols in the incidence of symptomatic hypotension, the amount of normal saline administered, the degree of hemo-concentration during treatments, or the decrease in serum osmolality. There was no increase in pretreatment or posttreatment serum sodium concentrations, interdialytic thirst, weight gain, or hypertension. Sodium modeling dramatically decreases both intradialytic and interdialytic morbidity in young hemodialysis patients. There was no increase in adverse events associated with sodium modeling.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Inheritance and relationships of linear type traits for age groups of Holsteins.

Routine classifications from the linear type trait program of the Holstein Association were analyzed separately for age groups. Inheritance of linear type traits and their genetic and phenotypic relationships were evaluated. Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters were compared to other studies with experimental classifications from the Holstein Association and with data from artificial insemination organizations across age groups. Evaluation of sires for type traits across age groups may not properly rank sires if ages of daughters differ for sires. Future genetic evaluations of type by the Holstein Association will consider only classifications of cows closest to 30 mo, so heritabilities for linear type traits for only 2 yr olds from this study may have application. Some linear type traits are very similar genetically. Stature has substantial genetic association with final score as subjectively assigned by classifiers.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

An interactive computer program for the determination of the binding constants of monoclonal antibodies by non-linear regression analysis of radioimmunoassay data.

A computer program is presented for non-linear regression analysis of radioimmunoassay data, which allows the determination of the binding parameters of monoclonal antibodies, i.e., affinity constant and number of available binding sites. The program is based on the median method and gives the values of the binding constants and their 95% confidence limits, without the necessity for their preliminary, approximate evaluation. The program may also be used to determine the binding constants for the interaction of receptors with labelled ligands.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1995

Computer-assisted instruction: MR imaging of the knee.

Computer-assisted education offers a unique method of learning that is complementary to conventional learning techniques. The regional anatomy of musculoskeletal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging lends itself well to discrete learning modules on the computer. This article describes a computer-assisted educational program for MR imaging of the knee. The program is divided into four sections: MR imaging physics, anatomy, pathology, and a quiz. The program has cross-references between the sections that allow comparison of normal versus pathologic findings, review of specified pathologic entities, and self-testing of comprehension. The student can progress through the program in a linear or nonlinear fashion at his or her own pace. All images in the program were digitally acquired with an MR imager and transferred directly to the computer used to develop the program. The program is available throughout the radiology department on a local area network and in the medical school library on stand-alone units. The program is currently being used at a medical school as a supplement to the recently implemented problem-based learning curriculum and for resident education.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1985

Association of sire dystocia transmitting ability with progeny linear type traits in Holsteins.

Data on 13 traits of 11,260 progeny of 775 sires in the Carnation Genetics linear type appraisal program were analyzed to determine the association between sire dystocia transmitting ability and progeny linear type traits. Mean linear type scores ranged from 25.0 to 29.8 on a scale of 1 to 50. Parity, stage of lactation, and interactions of evaluator by parity and evaluator by stage were sources of variation for most traits. First quartile (easy) and fourth quartile (most difficult) sires grouped by dystocia transmitting ability differed in daughter linear type scores for stature, dairy character, rump angle, center ligament, udder depth, teat length, teat placement, and rump width. Differential use of easy calving bulls on heifers might result in progeny with lower type scores for stature, dairy character, rump angle, legs, and rump width. Average type scores differed by less than 1 unit for all traits, indicating little correlated response in linear type traits through use of bulls whose progeny are born with least difficulty.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1976

A program for fitting of hypnograms and other biological data by orthogonal polynomials.

Many biological phenomenon are nonlinear and poorly approximated by linear regression. The program POLFIT calculates curvilinear regressions by fitting of orthogonal polynomials. This program, as well as two supporting programs (CORREC: disk storage, and CALCML: calculation of cumulated values of series of observations), was primarily designed for the study of the temporal organization of sleep components. They can be used as well for any other kind of biological data.

Computers↗
PubMed1984

Pocket computer program for fitting the Hill equation.

This paper presents a program written in the BASIC language for the Radio Shack TRS-80 PC-1 or the Sharp PC 1211 pocket computers for fitting the Hill equation to experimental data. The program is based on a procedure involving a combination of an optimization technique and non-linear regression. The program determines precisely all three parameters of the Hill equation and in addition, it performs a simulation of the kinetic experiment using the parameter values previously estimated, calculating the sum of squares of residuals.

Allosteric Regulation↗