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At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Hemodynamic aspects of retinitis pigmentosa].

While retinal vascular attenuation is a typical finding in retinitis pigmentosa (RP), studies on changes in choroidal vasculature have yielded contradictory results. In 44 patients with RP the relative pulse blood volumes were measured, and perfusion pressure videoangiography (PVA) was performed in 7 of them. Follow-up examinations were performed in 14 of the patients between 1.5 and 6 years later. The results show that the choroidal circulation is considerably reduced in RP patients; it was found to be further reduced at the follow-up examinations. PVA shows atrophy of the choroid capillary network. Characteristic changes occur not only in the retinal but also in the choroidal circulation, depending on the form, duration (stage) and prognosis of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Functional diagnosis in follow-up of temporal arteritis treatment].

Fourteen patients (28 eyes) suffering from histologically confirmed temporal arteritis were examined with oculo-oscillodynamography (OODG) according to Ulrich and Ulrich as well as with orbital dynamography (ODG) according to Hager. These examinations were performed before and during prednisolone treatment. When ocular and orbital vessels are involved, temporal arteritis will result in a strong reduction of the ocular and orbital pulse blood volumes. Ocular perfusion pressures may also be reduced. In all 28 eyes of the 14 patients, OODG showed the ocular pulse blood volumes to be significantly reduced, while with ODG the ocular pulse blood volumes appeared to be within the normal range in 50% of the cases. Therefore, OODG is more reliable than ODG in the diagnosis of temporal arteritis. When performed during prednisolone treatment, OODG is a very sensitive indicator of successful or unsuccessful therapy. OODG permits an early detection of relapses and helps to avoid their sequelae. Since OODG can be repeated as often as desired and can be performed within a short time, it is very suitable for controlling the management of temporal arteritis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Suction cup ocular pressure versus Vörösmarthy oculopression. Biometry differences].

In a 20-min follow-up after oculopression, biometric measurements were taken before, immediately after, and 5, 10, 15 and 20 min after finishing oculopression. Thirty-two eyes were measured by ultrasound using the immersion technique with a 10 MHz A-scan probe. Sixteen cataract patients more than 50 years of age and 16 healthy young subjects up to 30 years of age took part in the study. Oculopression was performed either with a Honan Oculopressor or with a Mikuni and Yoneyama suction-cup oculodynamometer. The anterior chamber depth showed higher initial deepening following Honan oculopression, whereas the length of the vitreous was found to be shorter with the same method. Suction-cup oculopression revealed no distinct changes in these compartments. Nevertheless, 10 min after oculopression, there was no statistically significant difference between the two oculopression techniques. When comparing the age groups, the cataract patients showed more express change than the younger subjects.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dynamics of intraocular pressure and pressure in the central retinal artery in cerebral disorders with vascular hypertension in children].

Fifty-six children with vascular hypertension, aged 8 to 14, were followed up. Ophthalmotonometric and ophthalmodynamometric examinations were carried out in 47 of these. Reduced vision acuity was detected in 25 percent of the examinees. The data of neuro-ophthalmologic examination evidence that in vascular hypertension functional hypertensive angiopathy of the retina may be observed in the fundus oculi already during the initial stages of the condition. The predominant sign was a moderate dilatation of the veins. Ophthalmodynamometric shifts presented as elevation of the systolic pressure mainly, and as the disease progressed in severity, diastolic pressure in the orbital artery grew as well, this being often associated with a reduction of visual functions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A new device for measuring blood pressure in the ophthalmic artery: automated vacuum ophthalmodynamometer].

A new vacuum ophthalmodynamometer is suggested. When measuring the orbital artery pressure, ophthalmic tone elevation is achieved via creating vacuum in suction cup located on the sclera. Changes in the design helped improve the accuracy of measurements and their safety, as against the known analogs. Vacuum ophthalmodynamometer may be used to activate the routes of intraocular fluid discharge after fistulization surgery, preoperative reduction of intraocular pressure, vacuum compression test carried out to diagnose glaucoma.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1989

Carotid endarterectomy and ocular complaints.

The value of a carotid endarterectomy in patients with ocular symptoms such as amaurosis fugax, scotoma, loss of visual acuity or diplopia is considered from an ophthalmological point of view. The concurrent fundus lesions are discussed and the ocular results of two different groups of patients are presented. A first group of 12 patients underwent an endarterectomy for their specific ocular complaints, while a second group of 15 patients with ocular symptoms associated with carotid lesions were treated conservatively. The usefulness of the retro-ocular doppler sonography in the vascular check-up is stressed. A good visual prognosis after carotid endarterectomy can be predicted when the blood velocity in the ophthalmic artery is 0.2 to 0.4 m/sec.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Intraocular pressure and ocular hemodynamics following oculopression with and without added retrobulbar anesthesia].

Two series of experiments were performed prior to cataract surgery. In series 1, in 30 patients oculopression was performed for 15 min (30, 40 or 50 mmHg). Directly after oculopression the intraocular pressure (Pio) was found to be reduced by an average of 10.7 mmHg. Systolic retinal and ciliary perfusion pressures (measured by means of oculo-oscillodynamography according to Ulrich) were found to be increased by an average of 5.4 mmHg, and the ocular pulsation volume (PVoc) was unchanged. In series 2, we injected 5 ml of anesthetic plus adrenaline behind the eye in 20 patients, followed by 15 min of oculopression (30 or 40 mmHg). Directly after the injection, Pio was found to have increased by 3.7 mmHg, and the perfusion pressures and PVoc were reduced by an average of 8 mmHg and 51%, respectively. Directly after oculopression (15 min after injection), Pio was lower by 10.1 mmHg, but the perfusion pressures and PVoc also remained lower. The changes observed in series 1 and 2 did not depend on the amount of oculopression. We conclude that a reduction in Pio after oculopression has a beneficial effect on the ocular circulation (increased perfusion pressures), whereas retrobulbar anesthesia has an inhibitory effect (reduction of perfusion pressures and PVoc). The hemodynamic effects of oculopression are largely suppressed by additional retrobulbar anesthesia.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Automatic biometry and keratometry in comparison with the manual technic].

In order to determine the power of intraocular lenses more easily prior to cataract surgery, we compared the results obtained by automatic measurement of the corneal refractive power by the Humphrey Autokeratometer with manually obtained measurements using the Zeiss ophthalmometer. Similarly, the axial length was determined by automatic measurements using the Digital B System IV (Cooper Vision) and manual measurements using the Ophthascan S (Biophysic Medical). Statistical evaluation showed that there were no significant differences in the corneal refractive power determined by the two methods or in the IOL power calculated using the SRK formula. Therefore, automatic measurement of both corneal refractive power and axial length following the above method can be a useful alternative to the preoperative determination of the IOL power.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Experiences with a new procedure for the measurement of the ophthalmic artery pressure: ophthalmomanometry-Doppler.

A novel, noninvasive method to determine simultaneously ophthalmic artery pressure (OAP) and flow direction, called ophthalmomanometry-Doppler, is presented. This technique uses a device consisting of a chamber with an apperture hermetically adaptable to the orbital borders. The chamber is equipped with a Doppler probe and an arrival pipe for compressed air connected to a manometer. The OAP measurement procedure consists of applying a pressure in the chamber while the Doppler probe detects periorbital Doppler signals. The systolic OAP corresponds to the Doppler signal disappearance during chamber pressure increase. Studies performed on normal subjects with direct recording of the internal carotid artery pressure (ICP) and indirect determination of the brachial artery pressure (BAP) demonstrated that OAP values assessed by the ophthalmomanometry-Doppler device were highly correlated with simultaneous ipsilateral intra-arterial systolic ICP measurements (r = 0.95, n = 10) and with simultaneous recordings of the BAP (r = 0.85, n = 40). The ophthalmic pressure index (OAP/ICP and OAP/BAP ratio, respectively) ranged from 0.60-0.77 with a mean (+/- SD) of 0.68 (+/- 0.04) in the 50 normal subjects. Preliminary clinical trials show diminished OAP/BAP ratios in patients with occlusive carotid disease ipsilateral to hemodynamically significant lesions. The values obtained on these normal subjects provide baseline data for further investigation of pathologic conditions. This new procedure is simple, convenient, rapid, and safe and provides reproducible information on both OAP and flow parameters, which are important indices in the evaluation of severe carotid artery disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Temporal arteritis--diagnosis and therapeutic control].

33 patients suffering from temporal arteriitis (Morbus Horton) were investigated noninvasively by Oculo-Oscillo-Dynamography (OODG), Orbita-Dynamography (ODG) and Temporalis-Dynamography (TDG). The ocular, orbital and temporal oscillograms and oscillodynamograms revealed characteristic and unmistakable alterations; i.e., striking reduction of the pulse volumes and a decrease of the blood pressures in the respective circulatory regions as a result of a stenosing and occluding vascular process. The 3 methods yielded typical patterns of the occluding process, which led to the conclusion that in untreated persons the stenosing process of the arteritis cranialis tends to start in the vascular branches of the external carotid artery and subsequently includes branches of the internal carotid system, such as the ophthalmic artery. High doses of prednisolone resulted in reopening of the vessels that had been stenosed and occluded by arteritis, and in most cases restored normal circulation in the regions examined within several weeks or months. From the investigations made on 66 eyes of the 33 patients, the authors conclude that combined use of OODG, ODG, and TDG makes it possible to diagnose temporal arteritis with a high degree of certainty. In all 33 cases the disease was diagnosed with OODG, ODG and TDG and confirmed histologically. Since the OODG, ODG, TDG examinations are well tolerated by the patient and can be repeated at any time, it is suggested to employ them for the supervision of therapy as well to detect any possible relapse of the inflammatory occluding vascular process.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗