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Results for “Mortality--statistics”

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PubMed1983

A comparison of test statistics for assessing the effects of concomitant variables in survival analysis.

In data analysis involving the proportional-hazards regression model due to Cox (1972, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B 34, 187-220), the test criteria commonly used for assessing the partial contribution to survival of subsets of concomitant variables are the classical likelihood ratio (LR) and Wald statistics. This paper presents an investigation of three other test criteria with potentially major computational advantages over the classical tests, especially for stepwise variable selection in moderate to large data sets. The alternative criteria considered are Rao's efficient score statistic and two other score statistics. Under the Cox model, the performance of these tests is examined empirically and compared with the performance of the LR and Wald statistics. Rao's test performs comparably to the LR test in all the cases considered. The performance of the other criteria is competitive in many cases. The use of these statistics is illustrated in a study of coronary artery disease.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Building a family: unplanned events.

Couples in developed societies are often unsuccessful in achieving precise family building goals despite the widespread use of birth control. Unplanned events that frustrate reproductive intentions to varying degrees include contraceptive failure, sterility, miscarriage, prolonged conception delay, undesired sex combination of offspring, divorce, and the death of a spouse or a child. This paper reviews the probability of the occurrence of these events using US data. It is concluded that the large majority of newlyweds will experience at least one unplanned event during the family building phase of the life cycle.

Congenital Abnormalities↗
PubMed1978

[A modification of the Gompertz plot resulting from the age index by Ries and an approximation of the survivorship curve (author's transl)].

The shape of the survivorship curve can easily be interpreted on condition that the probability of death is proportional to an exponentially rising function of ageing. According to the formation of a sum for determining of the age index by Ries it was investigated to what extent the survivorship curve may be approximated by a sum of exponentials. It follows that the difference between the pure exponential function and a sum of exponentials by using possible values is lying within the random variation. Because the probability of death for different diseases is variable, the new statement is a better one.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

A method of mortality analysis: application to breast cancer.

A regression analysis of mortality can benefit from the introduction of certain apparently redundant factors. Following a description of the method of calculating the regression coefficients, data on mortality from breast cancer in England and Wales for 1951-1970 are analysed as a function of age group, quinquennium of birth and quinquennium of death.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

The effect of accessing medical records by date of death on estimates of survival.

An inefficient, but quickly and easily calculated, estimate of a survival-time distribution is described. Conditions for the estimate to be unbiased specify bounds on the length of time a study has been in progress and the way in which people must enter a study. These appear to be frequently met when a large medical registry is examined with a view to establishing base line survival experience for a selected class of patients.

Epidemiologic Methods↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Perinatal and neonatal mortality and morbidity in Lusaka, 1976.

A prospective study of perinatal and neonatal mortality and morbidity at the University Teaching Hospital (UTH), Lusaka for 1976 is presented. The early neonatal mortality of the babies born in hospital was 28.7 per 1000 live-births; it was 239.96 per 1000 admissions of those born outside the hospital. The still-birth rate in the hospital-born babies was 25.2 per 1000 deliveries; the perinatal mortality was 53.3 per 1000 deliveries; and the neonatal mortality in the hospital-born was 31.1 per 1000 live-births. The cause of death were asphyxia, infections could injury, respiratory distress syndrome, congenital malformation and intracranial haemmorrhage. If the perinatal and neonatal mortality and morbidity are to be reduced, much effort and co-operation of all concerned with the health of the expectant mother, and her child are required. Records of birth-weights, stillbirth, and causes of deaths in the University Teaching Hospital (UTH) for the year 1976 have been analysed. The aim is to provide a basis for future comparisons and improvement of the care given to newborns.

Female↗
PubMed1979

George Stroh.

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Austria↗