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Results for “Mobilization potential”

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At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Regulation of relaxin release from monodispersed porcine luteal cells: effect of calcium ionophore A23187 and calcium channel blockers.

The role of calcium ion mobilization in modulation of secretion of the ovarian protein hormone relaxin by porcine luteal cells was examined by use of a reverse hemolytic plaque assay. In this assay, luteal cells were cocultured in monolayers with protein-A-coupled ovine erythrocytes. In the presence of porcine relaxin antiserum and complement, a zone of hemolysis, a plaque, developed around relaxin-releasing luteal cells. The rate of development of plaques in time-course experiments was used in this study as an index of the rate of relaxin release. Exposure of luteal cell-containing monolayers to the calcium-mobilizing agent A23187 (40 nM to 5 microM) resulted in a dose-related increase in the rate of relaxin-plaque formation. This effect [and the influence of a stimulatory secretagogue, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2; 1 microM)] was suppressed by coculture with Co2+ (5 mM), a calcium channel blocker. These results are consistent with the view that calcium ion redistribution within porcine luteal cells forms a pathway that subserves, at least in part, the rates of basal and stimulated relaxin release in vitro. However, A23187 was equally effective in enhancing the rate of plaque formation when the monolayers were bathed in a low calcium medium (mean +/- SEM, 6.61 +/- 0.92 microM Ca2+), rather than a calcium-replete medium (1.56 +/- 0.09 mM Ca2+). Likewise, neither basal nor PGE2-stimulated (1 microM) relaxin secretion was abrogated by culture of monolayers in low calcium medium. These data suggest that the stimulatory effect of A23187 (and perhaps PGE2) arose predominantly through redistribution of calcium stored within intracellular sites in luteal cells, rather than entrance of calcium into the cell from the extracellular medium. Yet, incompatible with this interpretation, we observed that TMB-8 [8-(N,N-diethylamino)octyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride; a putative inhibitor of intracellular calcium redistribution] enhanced rather than blocked A23187- or PGE2-stimulated relaxin release. This result is consistent with the possibility that TMB-8 mobilized (rather than blocked) calcium in this cell system or that it acted via calcium-independent mechanisms. We conclude that calcium mobilization has the potential to act as a molecular pathway that transduces secretion of an ovarian peptide hormone, relaxin. However, the exact nature and physiological role(s) of the Ca2+ pathway in the control of relaxin secretion and the interrelationships of this mechanism with other intracellular messengers that may also modulate ovarian peptide secretion remain to be more clearly defined.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Weightlessness and skeleton homeostasis.

As human beings venture into space in the 21st century, they will be confronted with a "hypodynamic" and thus hostile environment for the bone homeostasis, that could potentially compromise their mobility in general and skeletal strength in particular after landing. From this point of view, space flight studies are especially interesting and intriguing models for scientists. Space studies, however, must not only overcome enormous technical problems but are also limited in size and frequency. Therefore, ground-based models have also been developed to evaluate the effects of skeletal unloading. The most popular model for human studies is prolonged bed rest with normal volunteers, although studies with paraplegics have also been undertaken. In animals, the hindlimb elevation (tail suspension) model simulates space flight models and is well tolerated by the animals with minimal evidence of stress. Although negative calcium balance and bone loss have been observed in all the aforementioned models of skeletal unloading, the exact mechanism(s) by which this occurs are still unknown and mainly speculative.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Investigation of sleep disorders in the vicinity of high frequency transmitters].

To investigate the potential impact of RF electromagnetic fields of transmitters on the sleep quality of nearby residents, a new study design is presented. In a double-blind crossover field study the effect of on-site shielding, rather than of additional exposure, is investigated. For improved sleep quality differentiation the polysomnographic parameters are expanded by additional parameters. The feasibility study showed that checking the raw data and correcting the software-generated results by visual reading of the polysomnographic recordings is essential. Long-term RF measurement showed that exposure may vary considerably throughout the night, as well as from one night to the next. This variation may be greater than the GSM contribution itself. Mostly, the contributions of USW radio frequency fields dominated over GSM. Thus, continuous broadband RF recording is required for reliable interpretation of the results, in particular with regard to the potential role of mobile telephony emissions. Results show that simple sleep monitoring systems based on single-channel EEG analysis without acces to original biosignals are not adequate for sleep studies.

Cross-Over Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Instrumentation of a mobilization couch for dynamic load measurement.

Spinal mobilization or manipulation techniques are frequently used by physiotherapists in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. Many of these techniques involve the application of a varying force to the affected joint. Despite the routine use of these techniques, there are no objective measures to quantify their use. This paper describes the principles of the instrumentation of a mobilization couch to enable measurement of the forces applied during mobilization of the lumbar spine. The couch was linked to a personal computer with a 286 processor and data card for data collection. The system was found to be reliable and sensitive over the range of forces applied during mobilization. It has potential for use in many situations where measurements of forces applied to the patient are required.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed2001

Foot pain impairs balance and functional ability in community-dwelling older people.

Foot problem assessments were performed on 135 community-dwelling older people in conjunction with clinical tests of balance and functional ability. Eighty-seven percent of the sample had at least one foot problem, and women had a higher prevalence than men of foot pain, hallux valgus, plantar hyperkeratosis, lesser digital deformity, and digital lesions. Postural sway did not differ between older people with and without each of these foot conditions. However, the presence of specific foot conditions impaired performance in a more challenging balance test and in some functional tests. In particular, older people with foot pain performed worse in a leaning balance test, stair ascent and descent, an alternate step-up test, and a timed six-meter walk. Furthermore, multiple regression analyses revealed that foot pain was a significant independent predictor of performance in each of these tests. These results show that the presence of foot problems, particularly foot pain, impairs balance and functional ability. As foot pain is amenable to treatment, podiatric intervention has the potential to improve mobility and independence in older people.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Hardware issues in the movement to computer-based patient records.

The health care field is making significant progress in shifting to computer-based patient records. Providers are faced with some difficult decisions about what hardware options are most appropriate. Key issues include the choice of clinical workstations vs. portable computers, the use of new client-server architecture or traditional mainframe-based systems and the role of personal computers. This special report offers an indepth assessment of important hardware trends in the records automation movement. The first story offers an analysis of the hardware implications of client-server architecture and an assessment of the long-term role of mainframe computers. The second story sizes up the potential role for mobile computing, including hand-held devices and wireless technology.

Boston↗
PubMed1976

Effect of TSH and melatonin on thyroid activity in the rat.

Melatonin and TSH, injected separately, caused no change of the blood thyroxine level at 30 min after treatment. Simultaneous or subsequent administration of the two hormones induced an increase of the level. Thus, melatonin is capable of potentiating acute, thyroxine mobilizing effect of TSH.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of ionizing radiation in a wide dosage range on the structural-functional characteristics of the protein and lipid components of erythrocyte plasma membranes].

The erythrocyte ghosts were irradiated with doses of 4 x 10(-3) Gy-10(3) Gy. Changes in the membrane lipid microviscosity, membrane proteins' structural mobility, membrane surface potential and intensity of the lipid peroxidation processes were determined. It has been established that the features of membrane structural changes are characterised, by polyphase changes of examined parameters.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed2003

Leprosy in a Mexican immigrant.

A new diagnosis of borderline lepromatous leprosy was established in a man who had immigrated to Kentucky from Mexico. He was placed on a World Health Organization treatment regimen consisting of dapsone, clofazimine, and rifampin. The biology of leprosy, its diagnosis, treatment, and worldwide impact are reviewed. Because of the potential for highly mobile populations to export endemic diseases, Kentucky physicians must expand their lists of differential diagnoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinico-physiological assessment of the mechanisms of compensation and paracompensation in patients with mitral stenosis].

The paper presents the results of an examination of 292 patients with Stages II-V mitral stenosis. Clinical, roentgenological, and electrocardiographic characteristics of the defect were analysed. Physical fitness and gas exchange during exercise were studied in 183 patients with Stages III and IV mitral stenosis. The findings were compared with the intensity of tissue oxygen exchange and the levels of myocardial myoglobin. The patients with mitral stenosis exhibited lower exercise tolerance that was more pronounced in Stage IV. The patients also displayed characteristic profound disturbances in work energy regimen, lower reserve potentialities and functional mobility of the cardiorespiratory system. The pronounced changes in the acid-base balance and gas composition of their capillary blood in Stage IV mitral stenosis during exercise may be explained by a sharply marked arteriolar barrier in the pulmonary circulation (a paracompensatory reaction). The comparison of physiological and clinical findings has enabled the relationship of mechanisms responsible for compensation and paracompensation to be evaluated at various stages of mitral stenosis.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sensory deprivation and the ophthalmic patient.

1. Ophthalmic patients with reduced visual acuity and mobility restrictions are potentially at risk for developing cognitive, sensory and behavioral disturbances with sensory deprivation. 2. Each individual has an optimum level of stimulation that varies with circumstances such as age, time of day, amount of recent stimulation, anxiety, fatigue, pain, or illness. The body strives to maintain a homeostatic balance of stimulation. 3. Sensory stimuli must be meaningful, varied, and of sufficient quantity and intensity to maintain arousal. 4. Nursing care of ophthalmic patients should include individual assessment of the appropriateness of environmental stimuli, and plans to prevent sensory deprivation experiences or alleviate symptoms if they occur.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dynamics of quantitative changes in total and individual phospholipids from erythrocyte membranes of albino rats during different stages of the stress reaction].

Stress reactions of a body were accompanied by mobilization of its potential reactivity, which involved stabilization of the cell membranes metabolic activity. The stabilization of membrane phospholipid-phospholipid interactions appears to be of importance among other factors responsible for normalization of physiological activity under conditions of stress.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Follow-up of 439 Federov Mark I lenses implanted after ICCE, with rationale for change and comparative results at one year.

This paper presents the sight threatening complications at one year (439 eyes), four years (320 eyes) and seven years (106 eyes) following ICCE with Federov Mark I lens implantation, together with my rationale for change to the Choyce Mk IX following ICCE and the Pearce Equilimb lens following ECCE. The problems with the Federov Mark I lens relate: (i) to its design, needing a widely open section for insertion; (ii) iris support which provides mobile fixation with potential for macular oedema, retinal detachment, corneal touch and decompensation and eventual iris disintegration with lens dislocation. The complications at one year are then compared with those using 176 Choyce Mk IX and 113 Pearce Equilimb lenses.

Corneal Diseases↗
PubMed1982

[Electrophoretic behavior of red blood cells from various species of aquatic vertebrates].

The electrophoretic behavior of several aquatic vertebrates species is reported in order to verify if fish cell membrane composition different from human one, can affect electrophoretic behavior of fish red blood cells. In fact it's known that the mobility of a particle under the influence of an electric current appears to depend entirely on the nature of the particle surface, and is independent of the size or shape or the nature of particle itself. Our experiment were performed on red blood cells of several aquatic vertebrate with a cylindrical electrophoresis chamber according to the method described by Bangham et al. (1958). Our results show that electrophoretic mobility and electrochemical potential are lower than values observed in human red blood cells, in all species examined, except one.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Treatment of Wilson's disease with zinc. XIII: Therapy with zinc in presymptomatic patients from the time of diagnosis.

The siblings of patients with newly diagnosed Wilson's disease are each at 25% risk of also having this autosomal recessive disease. Screening these siblings allows their detection and institution of prophylactic therapy before they become clinically ill. Herein we report the successful treatment of 13 presymptomatic patients with zinc acetate. These patients who received zinc have been followed for 3 to 9 years. In well-complying patients, 24-hour urine copper and non-ceruloplasmin plasma copper levels have decreased over years of follow-up, consistent with the elimination of the excess easily mobilized copper (the potentially toxic copper) of the body. Effect of therapy and compliance are easily monitored by following 24-hour urine zinc and copper levels. The urine copper level is a good reflection of the body's excess load of easily mobilizable copper. It will increase if control is not adequate. A decrease in urine zinc is an early signal that the patient's compliance is not optimal. The levels of hepatic copper in response to several years of zinc therapy may remain the same, go down, or go up temporarily. This is a reflection of zinc induction of hepatic metallothionein, which sequesters copper in a non-toxic pool. Hepatic copper levels should not be used to manage therapy. Liver function is well preserved by zinc therapy, and no zinc toxicity occurred in these 13 patients. No patient developed symptoms related to Wilson's disease. We conclude that zinc acetate is a fully effective and non-toxic therapy for the prophylactic treatment of the presymptomatic Wilson's disease patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Oxidative metabolism changes in respiratory tract cells of guinea pigs during natural development of experimental tuberculosis and under specific chemotherapy].

108 guinea pigs were infected with M-tuberculosis 2 weeks later 36 of them were put on treatment with rifampicin and isoniazid, the rest served as untreated control. The comparison was made of mixed population of all the cells isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage versus pure fraction of alveolar macrophages (AM) by spontaneous and BCG killed culture-stimulated NBT-test, activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, levels of malonic dialdehyde. Estimations were conducted 1 day, 1, 2 and 6 weeks after inoculation in untreated animals and after 1 months of treatment in treated animals. AM lost ability for stimulation to the end of 24 h period since inoculation. 1-2 weeks later metabolic depression and complete areactivity occurred. Mixed population within postinoculation week 1 mobilized its defense potential. In extensive generalized tuberculosis all the cells of the respiratory tract worked for self-defense and lost protecting abilities. Specific chemotherapy reestablished functional status of both AM and cell population on the whole.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Nitrous oxide enhances Na+/Ca++ exchange in the neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-SH.

Changes in the concentration of cytosolic free calcium ([Ca++]i) play fundamental roles in the initiation and regulation of many neuronal processes. Altered regulation of [Ca++]i has been implicated in the action of some anesthetics. We investigated the effects of nitrous oxide (N2O) on Ca++ mobilization and membrane potential in the human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-SH. [Ca++]i was monitored by fluorescence spectrophotometry of cells loaded with fura-2 or fluo-3. N2O reversibly suppressed carbachol-stimulated increases in [Ca++]i. N2O also inhibited increases in [Ca++]i induced by calcium ionophore or depolarization suggesting a mechanism involving enhanced efflux or sequestration of cytosolic Ca++. The inhibitory effect of N2O was attenuated when the transmembrane Na+ gradient was altered either by suspending cells in nominally Na(+)-free buffer or by pretreating cells with ouabain. The inhibitory effect of N2O was also attenuated by the Na+/Ca++ exchange inhibitor 3,4-dichlorobenzamil. The effects of N2O on membrane potential were measured fluorimetrically using bis(1,3-dibutylthiobarbituric acid)-trimethine oxonol. In the presence of N2O, resting membrane potential was hyperpolarized, a condition that would favor Ca++ efflux mediated by the electrogenic Na+/Ca++ exchanger. Taken together, these findings indicate that N2O suppresses carbachol-stimulated increases in [Ca++]i by enhancing Na+/Ca++ exchange activity. Enhancement of neuronal Na+/Ca++ exchange may contribute to the anesthetic action of N2O.

Amiloride↗
PubMed1997

Characterization of Neurospora mitochondrial group I introns reveals different CYT-18 dependent and independent splicing strategies and an alternative 3' splice site for an intron ORF.

The Neurospora crassa mitochondrial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (CYT-18 protein) functions in splicing the N. crassa mitochondrial large rRNA intron by stabilizing the catalytically active structure of the intron core. Here, a comprehensive study of N. crassa mtDNA group I introns identified two additional introns, cob-I2 and the ND1 intron, that are dependent on CYT-18 for splicing in vitro and in vivo. The other seven N. crassa mtDNA group I introns are not CYT-18-dependent and include five that self-splice and two that do not splice under any conditions examined. Some of these introns may require maturases or other proteins for efficient splicing. All but one of the non-CYT-18-dependent introns contain large peripheral extensions of the P5 stem, related to the P5abc structure that blocks CYT-18 binding to the Tetrahymena large rRNA intron. The remaining non-CYT-18-dependent intron, cob-I1, contains a long, peripheral extension of the P9 stem, denoted P9.1, which also impedes CYT-18 binding. Detailed analysis of the CYT-18-dependent ND1 intron showed that two 3' splice sites are used in vitro and in vivo. The proximal, alternative 3' splice site brings the intron open reading frame, which potentially encodes a mobility endonuclease, in frame with the upstream exon, possibly providing a means of expression. Considered together, our results show that group I introns in N. crassa mitochondria use a variety of strategies involving different proteins and/or RNA structures to assist splicing, and they support the hypothesis that CYT-18 and the peripheral RNA structure P5abc are alternative evolutionary adaptations for stabilizing the active structure of the intron core.

Alternative Splicing↗