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PubMedDate not supplied

[Logistic effects in the two-sex model with "harmonic mean" fertility function].

"In the present paper the effects of the presence of logistic terms in [a] two-sex random mating model with 'harmonic mean' fertility function are discussed. The behaviour of the model is studied by means of a phase plane analysis. It [is] possible to show the existence, under quite natural conditions, of one (and only one) meaningful equilibrium point that is globally stable. This equilibrium is the final result of an adjustment process [and includes an]...initial period during which it is possible to observe a preliminary balancing process of the sex composition...." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Demography↗
PubMed1994

[[Trends in demand and supply factors of marriage in the Japanese never-married population: findings from the Tenth Japanese National Fertility Survey]].

"The purpose of the present paper is to describe findings from a survey on attitudes toward marriage and family among Japanese never-married youth from the point of view of the general framework of the demand and supply system. The survey was conducted as a part of the Tenth Japanese National Fertility Survey on the first of July in 1992.... The results...indicate that never-married people in Japan are in a kind of paradoxical situation in which they complain about such difficulties...as insufficient availability of prospective spouses, while they have weaker motivation to get married.... This situation can possibly be explained by [the] increasing level of expectation for marriage and spouse due to dynamic changes in [the perceived] function of marriage." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[A computer simulated test for the long-time change of heterozygote. Analysis of possibility on preserving the heterozygote for long-time in population].

Under the conditions of random mating and selecting. The research by computer simulation analysed the possibility of long-time conserving heterozygote in colong. An important conclusion was obtained. It was impossible to conserve heterozygote for a long time in colong. Therefore it is not necessary to control inbreeding for conserving all genes of colong by reducing gene purity in the work of conserving breeds for farm animal and poultry.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Intergeneric conjugational hybridization of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. 1. Obtaining a salmonella hybrid possessing greater recipient activity in crosses with Escherichia coli].

Intergeneric hybrids were selected from mating HfrH Escherichia coli with F- Salmonella typhimurium. The hybrid obtained from E. coli leu+ and pro+ genes possessed the increased recipient ability in the mating with E. coli HfrR1 (O--ilv--metE--ara). This hybrid lacked the ability to restrict the phage P1 DNA propagated on E. coli K-12. The replacement of mutated uvrA gene of Salmonella for uvrA+ gene of E. coli restore uvr+ phenotype of Salmonella mutant.

Coliphages↗
PubMed1983

Population structure of the Indian people: some microevolutionary aspects.

Some aspects of population structure, namely village endogamy, marital distance and consanguinity in India are discussed. These parameters show social and geographic variation. The role of culture is of great importance in determining the mating pattern of a population. In the Indian situation, group endogamy in general does not cause inbreeding. Consanguinity is a cultural phenomenon of long-standing tradition, and so far there is no strong indication of a temporal change.

Biological Evolution↗
PubMed1996

Development of a novel rat mutant with spontaneous limbic-like seizures.

A new epileptic rat mutant with spontaneous seizures was developed by successive mating and selection from an inherited cataract rat. The procedures for developing the mutant and the symptomatology, electroencephalographic correlates, and neuropathology of the mutant are reported. It is possible that this rat stain will provide a useful animal model for human temporal lobe epilepsy. The seizures of the rat usually begin with face and head myoclonus, followed by rearing, and generalized clonic and tonic convulsions, all of which are symptomatologically the same as limbic seizures. Electrographic recording during generalized convulsive seizures demonstrated that sustained spike discharges emerged at the hippocampus and then propagated to the neocortex. Seizures occurred spontaneously without any artificial stimuli. Furthermore, external stimuli such as auditory, flashing light, or vestibular stimulations could not elicit epileptic attacks. Almost all of the male animals had generalized convulsions, mostly from 5 months after birth, and the frequency of the seizures increased with aging. Generalized convulsions developed in approximately 20% of the female rats. Microdysgenesis, such as abnormal neuronal clustering, neuronal disarrangement, or interruption of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal formation, was found in the young rats that had not yet had generalized seizures. This microdysgenesis, which is though to be genetically programmed, was very interesting from the aspect of the relationship between structural abnormalities and epileptogenesis in this mutant. In addition to microdysgenesis, there was sprouting of mossy fibers into the inner molecular layer of the dentate gyrus in those adult rats that had repeated generalized convulsions. An increase of glial-fibrillary-acidic-protein-positive astrocytes with thickened and numerous processes, ie, astrogliosis, was also found in the cerebral cortex, amygdala region, and hippocampus of these adult animals. Judging from the characteristics of the symptomatology, electroencephalographic correlates, and neuropathology, this epileptic mutant can be expected to be a useful animal model for studying human temporal lobe epilepsy.

Aging↗
PubMed1997

Superiority of tandem autologous transplantation over standard therapy for previously untreated multiple myeloma.

Virtually no progress has been made during more than 2 decades of clinical trials for multiple myeloma (MM) involving standard therapy (ST). Recent studies suggest that dose intensification requiring hematopoietic stem cell support results in higher complete response (CR) rates and extended disease control. "Total Therapy" (TT) consisting of noncross-resistant induction regimens, followed by a double autotransplant (AT) procedure, was administered to 123 untreated patients with symptomatic MM. Upon hematologic recovery, interferon (IFN) maintenance (3 million units [MU]/m2 subcutaneously thrice weekly) was given until disease recurrence/progression. Results were compared with the outcome of untreated patients receiving ST according to Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) trials. One hundred sixteen pair mates were selected from both TT and among 1,123 patients to match for the major prognostic features. TT induced CR in 40% of all 123 patients (intent-to-treat). By 12 months, 7% had died, including 4% from treatment-related complications. With a median follow-up of 31 months, median durations of event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) are 49 and 62+ months, respectively. Abnormalities of chromosomes 11q and 13 were associated with inferior outcome, whereas CR within 6 months after induction was a favorable prognostic feature for both EFS and OS. In comparison to ST, TT induced higher PR rates (85% v 52%, P < .0001) (CR rates not available on SWOG trials) and extended EFS (49 v 22 months, P = .0001) and OS (62+ v 48 months, P = .01). Compared to ST, dose intensification with double AT markedly augments tumor cytoreduction, effecting not only higher CR rates but also significantly extending EFS and OS in previously untreated patients with MM.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Marriage: distance between birthplaces and age difference between mates.

The methodology of potential mate analysis can be used to obtain information about the determinants of marriage. This study investigates the influence of the distance between birthplaces and of age difference between mates. We use a new method of potential mate analysis that involves a sample of potential mates simulated from a sequence of actual mates. The differences between actual and potential mates are investigated using a logistic model and by direct comparison of distributions. The logistic model gives a poor fit. The comparison of distributions reveals no significant difference in distance between birthplaces for actual and potential mates or, at any rate, no difference large enough to be demonstrated by our small sample. A marked difference is observed for marriages in which the male is slightly older. The distance between birthplaces in our sample is shorter than in Great Britain.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Inducible monooxygenase activities and 3-methyl-cholanthrene-initiated tumorigenesis in mouse recombinant inbred sublines.

The induction of a certain group of hepatic monooxygenase activities by polycyclic aromatic compounds is regulated by the same locus or gene cluster controlling the formation of cytochrome P1-450 (P-448) in mice. Certain inbred strains of mice are "responsive" (Ahb) to such induction, whereas others are "nonresponsive" (Ahd). A pair of closely related sublines that differ with respect to the Ah locus (for aromatic hydrocarbon responsiveness) were used to identify or confirm the pleiotropic effects of this gene. The lines were derived by sibling-mating without selection from (C57L/J x AKR/J)F2 mice; the two sublines were separated at the F12 generation. Ten microsomal monooxygenase activities and one cytosol enzyme activity known to be associated with the Ah locus were similarly associated with cytochrome P1-450 formation in these recombinant inbred sublines as well. Nine additional hepatic monooxygenase activities studied were found not to be associated with the Ah locus; certain of these activities were increased slightly, following treatment of nonresponsive as well as responsive mice with polycyclic aromatic compounds. The Ahb-containing subline was highly susceptible to 3-methylcholanthrene-induced subcutaneous sarcomas, whereas the Ah-d-containing subline was relatively resistant. These results emphasize the potential importance of this particular enzyme for the study of coordinated regulation in mammals.

Animals↗