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Results for “Mandibular Prosthesis”

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At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The role of the dentist in the pre- and postoperative treatment of the cancer patient].

The importance of an early diagnosis in neoplastic pathologies of the oral cavity is now universally recognised and accepted, and dental treatment in this field requires particular care and preparation. Having identified the suspected lesions, it is necessary to eliminate those conditions which might favour the onset of neoplasia in the oral cavity, and then follow the patient during the pre- and post-radiotherapeutic stages. Dentistry is also responsible for following and carrying out the prosthetic recovery of patients undergoing radical jaw surgery, in order to enable them to return to normal day-to-day and working life in esthetic and functional terms.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1990

[Anatomo-functional consequences of the radical surgery of the cervico-cephalic region in oncologic patients].

The role of surgery in head and neck cancer treatment is now well established, as it appears the most effective approach to such patients, while other therapies (i.e. chemotherapy, radiotherapy) can be of some help as second choice procedures. Surgery demonstrates however its own pitfalls, as it can often cause secondary anatomo-functional defects. The main problems appear to be related to the impossibility of physiological feeding following composite resection for oral cancer. An immediate reconstruction by transposition of myocutaneous flaps is of the utmost importance, as it reestablishes the preoperative condition lessening hospitalization time and postoperative disabilities. Neurological lesions, an unfrequent major complication of cervical lymphadenectomy, can cover a wide range of seriousness, from hardly detectable sensorial deficits to the impossibility of spontaneous ventilation. In this paper the Authors, on the basis of their experience, describe the measures to be taken in order to avoid secondary lesions (or to minimize their effects) in head and neck cancer surgery.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Prosthetic treatment of larger defects of the jaw and face after destructive surgery].

In the paper possibilities of prosthetic treatment of larger defects of jaw and face after destructive surgery are presented. Prosthetic treatment is especially indicated when we wish the surface of the defect where the malign process has been radically removed to be apparent and functional. In prosthetic treatment we use acrylic materials for making endoprostheses and epitheses. For epitheses certainly more appropriate are silicone materials, such as pallamed and mollomed. While making epitheses we should pay attention to the shape and individual aesthetic colouring.

Facial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Methods of simultaneous treatment of the mandible defects and the adjacent soft tissues.

Original methods of removing combined defects of the mandibular body and the adjacent soft tissues are described: osteoplasty by local tissues and nonfree osteoplasty. A compression-distraction apparatus of the authors' own construction is used. During the re-arrangement of the bone fragments and the osteotomized portions of the mandible, simultaneous repair of the defect of the bony tissue and the soft tissues takes place without using free bone transplants and soft-tissue flaps. Duration of treatment varies between 2 1/2 and 5 months depending on the size of the defect. A total of 12 persons with traumatic defects of the lower jaw from 2 to 8 cm in length and of the adjacent soft tissues were treated by these methods. Good functional and cosmetic results were obtained.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Retention of resection prostheses using endosteal implants].

Nine endosteal implants of Linkow, Sandhaus and Vitradent type and one transdental implant have been used in six patients for the retention of resection prostheses. The intention was to find out the efficiency of endosteal implants in prosthetic rehabilitation of patients with oncologic defects of jaws. Most implants were removed because of loosing and mucosa inflammation after the period of 46 to 139 days. The earliest extraction was performed in one case after eight days and the latest in the another case after two years. The results showed that there are no medical indications for endosteal implantation of such implants in resection prostheses retention.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Mandibular reconstruction. An historical overview].

In a historical review the most important technologies and auxiliary materials for lower jaw reconstruction are demonstrated and discussed. Personally developed implants for anatomical and functional reconstruction of the continuity and rigidity based on the latest experiences of bone surgery, are presented. The results of this development are demonstrated by several steps of mandibular reconstruction in a special clinical case. The discussion deals with the conclusions drawn from the historical review in comparison to our own clinical results.

Bone Nails↗
PubMed1989

Chin augmentation with various alloplastic materials: a comparative study.

This retrospective study of 62 patients compared three alloplastic materials used in chin augmentation: Proplast I (PI), Proplast II (PII), and porous block hydroxyapatite (PBHA). There were 25 patients with PI implants (average follow-up of 44.8 months), 25 patients with PII implants (average follow-up of 32.8 months), and 12 patients with PBHA implants (average followup of 19.1 months). Average bone resorption was 1.25 mm (range 0.00 to 3.30 mm) beneath the PI and PII implants and 0.00 mm beneath the PBHA implants. Average posterior settling was 0.46 mm (range 0.00 to 2.00 mm) for the PI and PII implants and 0.03 mm (range 0.00 to 0.17 mm) for the PBHA implants. The percentage of soft tissue change at pagonion relative to the size of the implant was 83.0% (range 66.7% to 100.0%) for PI and PII and 86.8% (range 77.3% to 100.0%) for the PBHA implants. When PI or PII implants were used, younger patients had more resorption than older patients. Slightly more resorption was found with PI and PII implants when maxillary surgery was performed. The size of the PI or PII implants made no difference in the amount of bone resorption, although there was slightly less soft tissue change when larger implants were used. Males had slightly more bone resorption than did females. The bone resorption beneath the PI and PII implants occurred within the first 12 months postsurgery. It can be concluded from this study that PI and PII implants are acceptable materials for chin implants, but some resorption can be expected during the first 12 months postsurgery. The absence of detectable resorption and the excellent soft tissue change make PBHA an attractive alternative as a chin implant material, although it is technically more difficult to use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Implants of fired ceramics in the dog. Preliminary study. Morphology of bone coaptation after 3 and 7 months].

An experimental study of biocompatibility for ceramic material was undertaken in dogs. We used 8 implants and 1 filling-up material in the alveolar bone. A regular radiographic control of the good coaptation and tolerance of these implants was done after various intervals. The sacrifice was performed at 3 and 7 months after the implantation. The good coaptation between alveolar bone and implant was demonstrated by means of different morphological methods. Thus, microradiographs of anatomical specimens, routine histological study following decalcification, analysis of some specimens without decalcification showed the tight coaptation between implant and alveolar bone, without any foreign-body granuloma or allergic reaction. Besides, by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, we could identify the various types of cells (macrophages, fibroblasts and osteoblasts) noted at the interface of the implant matrix at various intervals after the operation. By histoenzymological methods, we also tested the functional activity of these cells, peculiarly their possible osteogenic ability (alkaline phosphatase and ATPase highly positives in some of these cells).

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1977

[Jaw-enlargement with glass ceramics in the animal experiment].

The use of alloplastic material in the reconstruction of the defective or atrophic mandible appears obvious as the difficulties and risks of bone or cartilage transplants are well known. It appears that all the materials used up to now were demarcated by the bone as foreign bodies so that one could only observe strong union without a connective tissue line of separation with glass ceramics. In experimental operations in the pig, box shaped osteotomies were cut into the lower jaw and glass ceramic bodies were fixed into the clefts. Clinical and histological examinations proved the bone acceptance. It appears that these bio-active glass ceramics are particularly suited as bone replacement.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Bridging of mandibular lesions with metal implants].

The 10-hole third-tube plate ("10-Loch-Drittelrohr-platte") is suitable for replacing central and isolated lateral parts of the mandible up to the six-year molar without exarticulation. It is not suitable for posterior defects, since sufficient fixation at the ascending ramus is not possible. The Tübingen resection plate, however, can be used for central parts and isolated as well as total lateral sections without exarticulation. As the holes in the plate correspond to the spherical sliding principle of the AO system, axial pressure screwing in osteoplastic replacement of the mandible is possible.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed1977

[System of alloplastic bridging of mandibular defects].

Primary reconstruction of the mandible after extensive tumor resection is necessary when the median part is lost; in lateral defects of the mandible, however, it is not always indicated. Our own functionally stable plate system with the instruments used for mandibular reconstruction is described. Clinical cases are presented in which this system was applied in combination with silastic interposed as a temporary replacement of the mandible.

Aged↗