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Results for “Mandatory Testing”

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At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Physical activity or food intake prior to testing did not affect the reproducibility of GH secretion elicited by GH releasing hormone plus GH-releasing hexapeptide in normal adult subjects.

OBJECTIVE: Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in adults is a defined syndrome of which the adverse effects on different areas of body function are reversed under replacement therapy with GH. The diagnosis of GHD is controversial in adults, relying on the GH secretion elicited by the so-called provocative tests of GH reserve. Most of the tests in use, including the widely employed insulin tolerance test, have been shown to be blunted after daily activities, such as mild exercise, heat or food intake, which makes stringent testing conditions mandatory in order to assure reproducibility. The combined administration of GH releasing hormone (GHRH) and GH-releasing hexapeptide (GHRP-6) is a very effective test for the diagnosis of GH deficiency in adults. In the present study, the perturbatory action of mild physical activity and food intake on the reproducibility of this combined test was assessed. METHODS: Seventeen healthy volunteers of both sexes were tested twice on separate occasions with the sequential administration of GHRH (90 microg i.v.) plus GHRP-6 (90 microg i.v.) as bolus. Eleven subjects underwent the first combined test in the morning under basal conditions and the second test was performed in the afternoon of the same day after a morning of habitual working activity and after a standard lunch. Another group of six subjects underwent similar double testing in the morning and in the afternoon after morning activity followed by lunch; however, both tests were separated by a period of 6 months. MEASUREMENTS: GH levels were analysed by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay, with sampling every 15 minutes. RESULTS: The reproducibility of the GHRH + GHRP-6 test performed on the same day was high, with the mean GH peak being 65.4 +/- 8.0 microg/l in the basal state and 51.2 +/- 9.6 microg/l after lunch, while the area under the curve (AUC) was 2287 +/- 288 microg/l per 45 minutes in the morning and 1759 +/- 350 after lunch. When a period of 6 months had elapsed between the first and the second test, the reproducibility was well maintained with a mean GH peak of 42.7 +/- 6.2 microg/l in the basal state and 34.3 +/- 3.6 microg/l in the after lunch test, with the AUC 1463 +/- 209 and 1164 +/- 106 microg/l per 45 minutes in the morning and after lunch, respectively. When analysed individually, physical activity, lunch or time elapsed between the two tests did not significantly change the GH peak in the subjects tested. CONCLUSIONS: The GHRH + GHRP-6 test of GH reserve is a highly reproducible test in adult subjects over time, and is not perturbed by common daily activities, such as mild physical exercise or food intake. Considering that stringent testing conditions are not required and the whole test may be performed in 30 minutes, it may be useful in the clinical setting for the diagnosis of GH deficiency in adults.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Pulp testers and pulp testing with particular reference to the use of dry ice.

Pulp testing is mandatory before any operative procedures, invaluable in the diagnosis of pain and is an essential adjunct in the interpretation of radiolucent areas. Methods of pulp testing are reviewed and the use of dry ice for this purpose is discussed in detail. Limitations of pulp testing are considered. Vitality tests are of only limited use in traumatized teeth. The results are only qualitative and not quantitative.

Dental Pulp Diseases↗
PubMed1992

Legal and ethical issues in HIV testing, Part 1.

HIV antibody testing presents multiple and complex legal and ethical issues. Nurse executives must be knowledgeable about these issues and their potential impact on administrative practice. In this two-part series, the author presents legal and ethical issues related to testing. Part 1 focuses on the AIDS epidemic, the ELISA test, informed consent, confidentiality, and mandatory vs. voluntary testing.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1997

Results of a survey of infectious disease testing practices by organ procurement organizations in the United States.

BACKGROUND: Information related to infectious disease testing policies and practices of organ procurement organizations in the United States does not currently exist. METHODS: A total of 63 organ procurement organizations in the United States were surveyed during May 1996. Participants responded to a detailed questionnaire concerning infectious disease tests performed for tissue and solid organ donors and policies related to the reporting and notification of positive test results. RESULTS: The response rate was 77.8%. The majority of testing is performed by hospital laboratories with an expected turnaround time of 5 hr or less by 71% of organ procurement organizations. Almost all routinely perform screening tests for human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, cytomegalovirus, syphilis, human T lymphocyte virus I, and hepatitis B surface antigen. Other tests are performed with greater variability. Although the majority of organ procurement organizations perform confirmatory tests when screening tests are positive, 35% do not perform confirmatory testing or do so only sporadically. There are a wide range of policies concerning the subsequent reporting of positive infectious disease tests and to whom results should be reported. CONCLUSIONS: Infectious disease testing policies of organ procurement organizations, particularly for solid organs, demonstrate variability in interpretation and perceived significance of positive test results, the initiation or need for reflex and confirmatory testing, the reporting of positive results, and to whom positive test results should be reported. There is a need for a consistent national policy for appropriate infectious disease testing and reporting of results.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗